高二英語Module4MusicBorninAmerica知識(shí)歸納外研社知識(shí)精講

1、高二英語Module 4 Music Born in America 外研社【本講教育信息】 一 . 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：Module 4 Music Born in America二 . 教學(xué)目標(biāo)： 本模塊題材內(nèi)容為美國音樂。要求學(xué)生在了解美國音樂的基礎(chǔ)上培養(yǎng)相關(guān)語言技能。單詞和短語：soul musicbluesharmonicasophisticatedrhythmic rhythm gospel improvisation syncopation hip hop graffiti microphone percussion rap reggae turntable movement MC-ing

2、 technique Jamaica side by side improvise vocal approachbe bored withdiscodeclinetake advantage ofbacking track rapper emerge rather than touch trumpetin ordertry outariseoffshoreboom friction harmony virtue be blessed with conventionalfancyblouseslacksneatmomconsensusmakeoverbudgetchequeconsultant

3、vainbonus pacetightschedulespokeswomandeadlineotherwisecome outallowance far frompart-timedevotebe devotedto swap superyell begbeg forpensionquit refreshingpioneer solosatchelmakean impression on sb. protest migrant humorous 重點(diǎn)單詞短語：rhythm movement technique side by side approachbe bored withdeclinet

4、ake advantage ofemergerather thantouchin ordertry outariseoffshore boom virtue be blessed with makeoverbudget cheque vain pace tight scheduledeadline otherwise come out far from part-timebe devoted to yell beg for quit refreshingmake an impression on sb. protest語言點(diǎn)歸納：1. rhythm節(jié)奏；韻律；節(jié)拍the exciting rh

5、ythms of drum music興奮的鼓樂節(jié)拍I can t dance to music without a good rhythm.沒有好的節(jié)奏我不能跟著音樂跳舞。有規(guī)則的變化；有規(guī)則的循環(huán)運(yùn)動(dòng)the rhythm of the seasons四季有規(guī)則的變化 派生 rhythmic adj. ( rhythmical )有韻律的，有節(jié)奏的rhythmically adv. 有節(jié)奏地；按照拍子地rhythmic n.pl. 用作單 韻律學(xué)2. decline vt. vi.下降，下滑，下傾；衰退，衰落。例如:They wish that prices would decline.他們

6、希望物價(jià)能下降。謝絕；婉謝；辭謝。例如：decline an offer 拒絕請(qǐng)求decline an invitation 謝絕邀請(qǐng)decline to answer a question 拒絕回答問題 轉(zhuǎn)換decline n. 衰退；衰?。ㄒ话阌脝螖?shù)）。例如：the decline of the Roman Empire 羅馬帝國的衰亡brooding about his decline in popularity ；思付著他的名望下降的原因The decline of sales embarrassed the company.銷路下降使公司陷于財(cái)政困難。 搭配in decline 在下

7、降，在衰退中。例如：His interest in computer games is now in decline.他對(duì)電腦游戲的興趣開始減退。Secondly， people were bored with the pop music of the day disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid 1970s.其次，人們厭倦了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行音樂 20 世紀(jì) 70 年代中期迪斯科和搖滾樂都 在走下坡路。3. consensus n. 意見一致；共同看法；輿論。例如：The two parties have reached

8、 a consensus.這兩個(gè)政黨達(dá)成了一致意見。There is broad consensus in the country on this issue.對(duì)這一問題舉國上下輿論普遍一致。consensus politics 代表多數(shù)人意見的政綱，以協(xié)商為基礎(chǔ)的政治consensus management代表民意的管理，以協(xié)商為基礎(chǔ)的管理At the consensus of most people is that the music is very good.大多數(shù)人一致認(rèn)為音樂非常美。by general consensus 根據(jù)普遍的意見government by consensus

9、 被一致認(rèn)可的政府What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午會(huì)議上一致的意見是什么?The voters consensus was that the measure should be adopted.大多數(shù)選民的意見是采取這個(gè)措施。It was the consensus of the sportswriters that the game should not have been played.體育新聞?dòng)浾邆円恢抡J(rèn)為這比賽本不應(yīng)該進(jìn)行的。4. budget v. 安排開支to save money by bud

10、geting通過安排開支而節(jié)省錢n. 預(yù)算a family budget 家庭預(yù)算a government budget 政府預(yù)算5. vain adj.自負(fù)的；愛虛榮的She s very vain about her good looks.她為她那姣好的容貌而自負(fù)。But she claims she isnt vain.但是她聲明她并不自負(fù)。無用的；無結(jié)果的；徒勞的a vain attempt 無用的嘗試vain promises 空頭許諾 習(xí)慣搭配 in vain 徒然，枉然The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds.

11、警察企圖驅(qū)散抗議的人群，但沒有成功。All our work was in vain.我們所有的工作都白費(fèi)了。6. quit vt. /vi. quitted或 quit ， quitting停止；辭職I f I don t get a pay rise I ll quit.若不給我加薪，我就不干了。I ve quit my job.我已辭職。He has not quit smoking ， but is holding down to three cigarettes a day.他并沒有戒煙，但是已減到每天只抽三支煙了。One friend of mine has decided to

12、quit his highly-paid but demandingposition in his company recently.最近，我有一個(gè)朋友辭去了他公司里的那份工資高但要求也高的工作。離去As soon as he quitted ( or quit ) the army ， he got a job.他剛一退伍，就找到了一份工作。，and they won ' t quit the concert stage for the rest oftheir lives.，他們不會(huì)離開音樂舞臺(tái)度過余生。 轉(zhuǎn)換 quit adj. 固定搭配為be quit of sth. sb.

13、擺脫某事某人He wants to be quit of the responsibility.他想擺脫那個(gè)責(zé)任。7. refreshing 爽快的，涼爽的；使人精神振作的；使人耳目一新的；給人以力量的。例如：a refreshing and inoffensive stimulant能提神而無害的興奮劑I had a refreshing drink.我喝了一杯清爽的飲料。common sense of a most refreshing sort與眾不同的常識(shí)Their fans find the music clean and refreshing.歌迷們發(fā)現(xiàn)這類音樂給人以耳目一新的感覺

14、。8. protest抗議（書）例如：The people made a protest about the rise in prices.人們對(duì)價(jià)格上漲提出抗議。反對(duì)，抗議。例如：protest march 抗議游行，拒付，拒付證書He is known as a pioneer of protest music and influenced artists such as Bob Dylan.他以“抗議音樂”的創(chuàng)始人而著名并且影響了一些音樂家，比如鮑勃迪倫。 習(xí)慣搭配 enter （ 1adge， make） a protest 提出抗議under protest 被迫地；持異議地；抗議地

15、 轉(zhuǎn)換 vt. / vi.（常與against , at, about連用）反對(duì)；提出異議The tourists protested about the bad service at the restaurant.旅客們對(duì)那家飯店低劣的服務(wù)表示不滿?？罐q，抗議The children protested when they were punished unfairly.當(dāng)孩子們被不公平地處罰時(shí)，他們表示抗議。They protested with one accord that they had not used anydrug.他們異口同聲地申明他們沒有服用毒品。 派生 protestat

16、ion n. 聲明，斷言，主張；抗議，拒絕，反對(duì) protester ， protestor n.聲明者；抗議者；提出異議者；拒付（匯票）者 protestingly adv. 抗議地，不服地9. humorous adj. 富于幽默感的，詼諧的； 可笑的， 輕佻的；喜劇的；（古）潮濕的；體液的例如：a humorous remark 幽默的話語see the humorous side of a situation看到事情中滑稽的一面As he grew older, his songs became more humorous and optimistic.隨著他的成長，他的歌變得更加幽默

17、和樂觀。10. swap （二swoop） v. swapped , swapped以某物交換他物常用句式為：swap sth. with sb. 與某人交換某物，例如：Do you want to swap your book with me?你愿意和我交換你的書嗎?Students swapped experiences during the summer vacation.學(xué)生們相互交流了他們暑假里的經(jīng)歷。She swapped our chairs.她把我倆的椅子換了。 轉(zhuǎn)換 swap n. （常用作單數(shù)）交換，交易。例如：As you like my dress and I like

18、 yours ， shall we do a swap?既然你喜歡我的衣服，我也喜歡你的，咱們交換好嗎?repeated11. The words of early blues songs often consisted of a single line two or three times before changing.早期的藍(lán)調(diào)（又譯布魯斯）歌曲通常包含一句要反復(fù)唱兩三遍才換的歌詞。consist vi.（與of連用）組成，構(gòu)成，包括，由組成How many chapters does the book consist of?這本書共有幾章?The United Kingdom cons

19、ists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.聯(lián)合王國包括大不列顛與北愛爾蘭。His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括幫助無人照顧的獨(dú)居老人。（與in連用）在于The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.這個(gè)計(jì)劃妙就妙在簡明扼要。（與with連用）一致，符合Theory should consist with practice.理論應(yīng)與實(shí)踐相一致。Reading and Vocabulary12. ，because th

20、ey were the best parts to dance to因?yàn)樗鼈兪前槲璧淖罴巡糠?。to dance to 不定式作后置定語，修飾the best parts 。 注意 在此短語中to 是介詞，不能省略。She loves to dance to music.她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞。13. There were a lot of Jamaicans in NewYork whobrought the idea with them. 紐約有許多牙買加人，他們從自己的國家?guī)チ擞嘘P(guān)音樂的理念。bring sth with sb.隨身帶去某物。又如：Bring some money with

21、you next time when you come.bring 短語歸納：bring - into使處于某種狀態(tài)，使卷入該短語為動(dòng)介短語。常用其被動(dòng)形式。She also brought me into touch with everything that could be felt soil,wood， silk.她還使我接觸到一切可以觸摸到的東西土壤、木頭、絲綢等。The two countries were brought into war.兩個(gè)國家都被卷入了戰(zhàn)爭。注意由bring - into構(gòu)成的常見短語有：bring into action 使開始工作；bring into b

22、eing 使產(chǎn)生bring into contact with 使與接觸/聯(lián)系；bring - into effect/force 使生效；bring - into fashionbringinto play 使使流行起來；bring into practice 使實(shí)施。bring down 使倒下；使（價(jià)格、成本等）降低；擊落The wind brought down a number of trees.大風(fēng)刮倒了許多樹。We don t know how to bring down the price of the production.我們不知道如何降低生產(chǎn)成本。（ ） bring in

23、 邀請(qǐng)；生產(chǎn)；逮捕；掙得；介紹引進(jìn)；收獲該短語為動(dòng)副短語，后接賓語，bring 和 in 之間也可加賓語；作“收獲”解時(shí)，其后常接 harvest ， crop 等詞。Why bring Jim in?He ll do nothing to help.為什么請(qǐng)吉姆呢?他什么忙也幫不上。14. The percussion breaks were usually short ， but Herc and other DJs made them longer by using two records on two turntables side by side.這些打擊通常很短，但埃爾克和其他音樂

24、主持人利用擺放在一起的兩個(gè)唱盤將兩盤錄音反復(fù)播放，使打擊樂播放時(shí)間更長。side by side 在句中的意思為“一面又一面地” “反復(fù)地”。side by side 還可譯為“肩并肩地；一起的”。例如：The couple sat side by side.那對(duì)夫婦肩并肩地坐著。The two bottles stood side by side on the table.這兩個(gè)瓶子并排放在桌子上。 提示 該短語中的介詞by 表示“逐一，連續(xù)”的意思，常用來連接兩個(gè)不帶冠詞的名詞。類似的短語有：little by little 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地；day by day 日復(fù)一日地；year by y

25、ear 年復(fù)一年地；one by one 一個(gè)一個(gè)地bit by bit 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地；drop by drop 一滴一滴地；house by house 挨家挨戶地；step by step 一步一步地。15. The moment I heard it ， I knew it was a completely new kind of music.我一聽到它，我就知道這是一種全新的音樂。the moment (that )表示“一就”，用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。“一就”句型歸納：（ 1） no sooner than No sooner had he got to the station than

26、 the train started.他一到達(dá)車站，火車就開走了。I had no sooner seen him than I asked him about the matter.我一見到他，就問及那件事情。 特別提示 no soonerthan 的語意同 hardly when, 同 scarcelywhen當(dāng) no sooner 在句首時(shí)，主句語序用倒裝。三個(gè)句型的時(shí)態(tài)主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。（ 2） as soon asAs soon as the teacher entered the classroom the students stopped talking.老師一

27、進(jìn)教室，學(xué)生們就停止講話了。 注意 as soon as 引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。主句和從句多數(shù)場合都是用一般過去時(shí)，有時(shí)候主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。（ 3） on+動(dòng)名詞On arriving at the village ， we were warmly welcomed by the villagers.我們一到那個(gè)村子，就受到了村民們的熱烈歡迎。注意“on +動(dòng)名詞”這一句型多用來表示時(shí)間的短促和動(dòng)作的緊湊，這一介詞短語一般放在句首。動(dòng)名詞也可換用相應(yīng)的名詞，如上例可改成：Onour arrivalat the vil lage。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去

28、時(shí)：on后的動(dòng)名詞，一般來自表示 去向性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如arrive ， reach， return ， leave 等。（ 4） at 動(dòng)名詞At seeing her mother ， the girl burst into tears.一見到母親，那女孩就放聲大哭起來。注意“at +動(dòng)名詞”和上述“ on+名詞”多放在句首。動(dòng)名詞也可換用相應(yīng)的名詞，如上例可改成：At the sight of her mother 。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。at 后的動(dòng)名詞，一般來自see， hear 等表示視、聽感覺的動(dòng)詞。（ 5） immediatelyImmediately the discus

29、sion was finished ， the meeting was over.討論一完畢，就會(huì)散了。 注意 immediately 為副詞，這里起連詞作用，instantly 和 directly 也有同樣用法，且語義相同。（ 6） the instant （ that ）Theinstant （ that ） she cameback， she helped her brother with his homework. 她一回來，就幫助她的弟弟做作業(yè)。 注意 the instant （ that ）起連詞作用，后跟從句。與the moment （ that ）用法相同。類似的可引導(dǎo)從句的

30、名詞還有：The second + （that ）句子（一就）The minute + t that ）句子（一就）16. Hip hop took advantage of that and provided that kind of disco music for people who hated disco!嘻哈樂利用了這一點(diǎn)，為那些不喜歡迪斯科的人們提供了那樣的迪斯科音樂take advantage of 利用take advantage of all educational opportunities.利用一切教育機(jī)會(huì)She advised him to take advantage

31、 of the opportunity.她建議他利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。travelers who take advantage of off-peak fares.利用交通低峰（非高峰）時(shí)的低收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)旅行的旅客took advantage of the customer.欺騙消費(fèi)者17. The style soon spread to other parts of the United States.這種風(fēng)格很快就傳到了美國的其它地方。spread to a place （指消息等）傳到某個(gè)地方。又如：The news soon spread to other cities.解釋為“傳播”時(shí)還可以與

32、其他介詞連用。如：spread across.， spreadfrom to；spread through 等。例如：In the 1980s, hip hop spread across the world, to Japan, India and many parts of Europe.The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.The illness spread through the village.18. Songs that are spoken rather than songs are called rap.歌

33、曲是說唱的而不是敲打出來的。rather than 而不，與其說倒不如說；寧愿不愿該短語為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)比較從句，而且這個(gè)從句經(jīng)常是省略的。其用法有：解；表示客觀從意義上看，表示主觀愿望的選擇，作“寧愿而不愿 事實(shí)，作“是（前者）而不是（后者） ”解。The housewives prefer to go out to work rather than whileaway the time at home.家庭主婦們寧愿出去工作而不愿呆在家里消磨時(shí)光。Her performance in work is good rather than bad.她在工作中的表現(xiàn)是好，而不是壞。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，ra

34、ther than 作連詞，連接兩個(gè)平行的結(jié)構(gòu)：兩個(gè)形容詞、兩個(gè)狀語短語、兩個(gè)名詞、兩個(gè)代詞、兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式或兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞等。Our group would prefer to start off in August rather than in April.我們小組寧愿在八月出發(fā)，而不愿在四月出發(fā)。I decided to write to her rather than telephone her.我決定寫信給她，而不愿打電話。He is a writer rather than a poem.與其說他是位詩人，不如說他是位作家。I had rather go than stay to be

35、 invited.我寧愿離開這里，也不愿留下來接受邀請(qǐng)。Reading and writing ， Speaking19. my thoughts don ' t stay in order.我的思想會(huì)不再保持安分。in order 按順序，整齊；合乎程序的該短語在句中通常作狀語或表語。例如：Just give me five minutes to put the room in order。 please.請(qǐng)給我五分鐘把房間弄整齊。The sentences are in order now.這些句子現(xiàn)在按順序排列好了。Is your passport in order?你的護(hù)照辦妥

36、了沒有?It ll be quite in order for you to speak now.你現(xiàn)在可以講話了。 注意 in order 常構(gòu)成下述常用的固定短語：in bad order 亂七八糟，失修；in good order 整整齊齊，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好in running order 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常；keepin order 使遵守紀(jì)律，使保持井井有條；put - in order 把整理好；set - in order 使整齊，修復(fù)。20. The teacher told us that she would try out the theory 老師告訴我們她要試驗(yàn)一下這個(gè)理論try out

37、 試驗(yàn)，考驗(yàn)該短語為動(dòng)副短語，后接賓語，可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。You must try out the machine before you buy it.在買這臺(tái)機(jī)器之前，你必須先試用一下。He enjoys trying out new ways of doing things.他喜歡嘗試新途徑做事。The drug has not been tried out on humans yet.這種藥尚未經(jīng)人體試驗(yàn)?！灸M試題】單項(xiàng)填空1. . Could you spare me some time? I d like to help, but I dont think I can. I dont

38、 know much aboutgrammar myself.A. I m really worried about my grammar exam tomorrowB. We ll take our grammar exam tomorrowC. I m busy preparing for my lessonsD. I d like you to go to the cinema with me tonight2. It s reported th at we have produced this year as we did lastyear.A. as much cotton twic

39、eB. as twice much cottonC. twice as much cottonD. much as cotton twice3. To understandwars are still going on whenalmost everyone wantsto have peace, we must look into the nature of war.A. why B. whatC. thatD. where4. Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall?sometime last August? I can t

40、 remember it well, butA. might it beB. must it have beenC. could it have beenD. could it be5. Parents are advised to takepressurea child and give him someencouragement before an exam.A. offB. outC. awayD. over6. Ito help you but Iwas not able to spare any time. Ia paper last night and Ill h ave to f

41、inish it today.A. wanted; have been writingB. have wanted; wroteC. had wanted; wroteD. had wanted; was writing7. The wrong you ve done her is terrible, foryou should makean apology to her, I think.A. thisB. whichC. whatD. that8. We must keep our room clean. Dirt and disease go, you know.A. from time

42、 to timeB. hand in handC. step by stepD. one after another9. Did your boss phone you again the next day? No. It was a fortnight he gave me a second call.D. sinceA. thatB. whenC. before10. The truck ran down the hill, and the driver , according to thelocal newspaper, to have been killed.A. was report

43、ed B. was reporting C. reportedD. hadbeen reported11. How long has Jane Bentley? I don t know, and I even didn t know they had got married.A. got to knowB. fallen in love withC. got married toD. been married to12. Whether we are out to set a new record ourselves or simply enjoy reading about champio

44、ns, the Guinness Book of World Record interestingreading.A. makes upB. makes outC. makes forD. makes from13. The fact someextreme sports have no clear rules about winningor losing stop enthusiastic young people from enjoying them.A. that; does notB. whether; do notC. which; does notD. that; seldom14

45、. The foreign ruler willingly offered presents to the Chinese emperor., Zheng He the ruler with many gifts.A. In return; gaveB. In turn; offeredC. In turn; presented15. “ The third poleD. In return; presentedmentioned in the text of Unit 2 of Book 3 meansA. the moonB. Mount QomolangmaC. the North Po

46、leD. the South Pole完形填空WhenI opened myemail the other day, a pretty womannamedRachel appeared on my computer screen. She greeted meby nameand started talking with great enthusiasm （ 熱情 ）. _ 16 _ now and then she stopped to smile at me or _ 17 _ a kiss. She was a mean email form from my brother, and

47、much of it was about his getting the phone company to give him a high speed Internet _ 18 _. It was pretty cool.Rachel was there _ 19 _ to a new technology called _ 20 _. Face mail lets you send email that gets ready to the receiver by an attractive male or female form or by a clown （ 小丑 ）. The _ 21

48、 _. Which is free, can be downloaded at www. Facemail. com.Face mail faces are lifelike, and they simulate （模擬 ） feelings _ 22_ on the feelings that you put in your text. For example, type in X, and _ 23 _ blows a kiss.The companythat _ 24 _ the Face mail is sure there are broad business uses.The re

49、ason e-business is not _ 25 _, the company says, is that buying over the Internet lacks the human _ 26 _. But what if you go to the Nike website and Michael Jordan greets you by name, _ 27 _ on you and _ 28 _ closes the sale? And it is talking with Whirlpool （惠而浦公司） about usingthe _ 29 _ in a compan

50、yscreen on a fridge. Then if Momcan t be homewhen the kids get back from school, she can leave a _ 30 _ with a voice and _ 31 _ telling them what there is to _ 32 _.Facemail could get _ 33 _ fast. Personally, I m a fan. But Facemailshould be used with _ 34 _. The clown looks lively and funny at firs

51、t. Butif you select the clown, put a few _ 55 _ words in an email and add someangry feelings, you ll get a psych o mail (瘋?cè)诵碗娮余]件).16.A. EveryB. LittleC. ButD. Each17. A. giveB. flyC. blowD. offer18. A. concentrationB. connectionC. conclusionD. combination19. A. bringingB. leadingC. oweD. thanks20. A

52、. HotmailB. Face mailC. EmailD. postmark21. A. hardwareB. programC. methodD. software22.A. dependedB. decidedC. determinedD. based23. A. RachelB. sheC. heD. Michael24. A. discoveredB. inventedC. developedD. started25. A. popularB. interestingC. funD.infashion26.A. appearanceB. touchC. smellD. sight2

53、7.A. servesB. sees toC waitsD. attends to28.A. individuallyB. patientlyC. gentlyD. personally29.A. skillB, technologyC. inventionD.discovery30.A. noteB. letterC. lineD. notice31.A. imageB. soundC. shadow.D. reflection32.A. haveB. takeC. enjoyD. eat33.A. turned downB. coldC. hotD. received34.A. effor

54、tB. loveC. affectionD. care35.A. politeB. rudeC. properD. ordinary閱讀理解（ A）Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with a chocolate ice-cream. It was a very old-time store with little round tables and chairs.As I entered, I found a very old woman bent over a

55、table near the door.Her back was so badly twisted （ 彎曲 ） by some misfortune that her face nearly touched the tabletop. I sat down facing her a couple of tables away.“ Poor woman”, I thought. “ What does she get out of life? Whydoes God let people live so long past their prime?”As I thought, another aged lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were talking abo