培養(yǎng)青年教師專(zhuān)題講座2

1、-倒裝句講解與練習(xí)一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：倒裝句的講解與練習(xí)二. 課標(biāo)要求：1.掌握基本的倒裝句的用法。2.倒裝句的主要區(qū)別。3. 正確使用倒裝句。三教學(xué)目的:本講座通過(guò)歷屆的高考試題對(duì)倒裝句的考點(diǎn)作介紹,讓學(xué)生完整地掌握它的用法。四. 教學(xué)方法講講練結(jié)合,以學(xué)生為中心。  五.  教學(xué)重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)介紹only,as，though，neither，nor，省略if的倒裝的用法。  六. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn): as 的用法。 教學(xué)過(guò)程:   倒裝句是歷年高考惠顧的知識(shí)點(diǎn)之一,今天就讓我們來(lái)看看: 一定義首先我們來(lái)看看倒

2、裝的定義倒裝就是顛倒句子的語(yǔ)序，目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)突出句子的某個(gè)部分。舉個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)，我們和他人打招呼時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)這么說(shuō)：你吃了嗎？但如果倒過(guò)來(lái)這么說(shuō)：吃了嗎，你？ 在英語(yǔ)中句子的語(yǔ)序一般有兩種排列方式。一是主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)之前，句子的其他成分置之其后。舉例An old man sat ahead. 二是倒裝語(yǔ)序，原因是為了達(dá)到某些語(yǔ)法或強(qiáng)調(diào)的效果，改變句子的自然語(yǔ)序，將主語(yǔ)置于句子的謂語(yǔ)或其他成分之后。舉例Ahead sat an old man.倒裝句又可以分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。二類(lèi)型1.完全倒裝：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部放到主語(yǔ)之前，結(jié)構(gòu)為V+S。我把遇到的情況編成了一個(gè)口訣：這里那里最常見(jiàn)；現(xiàn)在那時(shí)有時(shí)用；上

3、下里外方向多；碰到代詞不倒裝，be 動(dòng)詞要就近。1）在以here, there, now, then, such等副詞放在句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be, go, come，lie ,run ,follow舉例：There goes the bell. Now comes my turn.Here is your letter. Then came the chairman.Then followed three days of rain.2)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，如 out, in, up ,down ,away ,over, off等位于句首，使描述情景更加生動(dòng)。謂語(yǔ)通常用表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞（g

4、o,come,rush ,fly,fall等）。舉例Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl.In came the teacher and the lesson began.Down the river flowed a small boat.Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.注意：上面的倒裝句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞，若主語(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞，則不能完全倒裝。舉例：Here you are. Here it comes！ Up it wentOut you go.3）There be 句型表示“存在”時(shí)，t

5、here是引導(dǎo)詞，主語(yǔ)在be后，此時(shí)為全部倒裝。注意： be與其后的主語(yǔ)保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。舉例There is a table and two desks.其中be有時(shí)可用live, stand, lie, seem, happen , appear, come, remain代替。There stands a flag pole in front of the building.4）表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)意義時(shí)和避免頭重腳輕，全部倒裝。In the distance was a small boat.Such were his last words.They arrived at a far

6、m house, in front of which sat a small boy.Among them was a soldier who was wounded in the stomach.2. 部分倒裝：是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)前，結(jié)構(gòu)為V1+S+V2。和一般疑問(wèn)句一樣，舉例Do you like football? Can you speak English?此時(shí)我們要注意添加的助動(dòng)詞必須要和句子主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)，時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)保持一致。舉例我把經(jīng)常碰到的情況編成了一首打油詩(shī)：不能否認(rèn)（含no）只有（Only）我才在乎你,你一瘦我就傷心（no sooner·

7、;··than, hardly···when）。我不僅（not only）操心你的現(xiàn)在，而且(but also)擔(dān)憂(yōu)你的未來(lái)。直到(not until)你長(zhǎng)大，我才放心。如果(if)全世界可以忘記，我也還是同樣愛(ài)你（so）。像（as）我這樣愛(ài)豬的人哪找去。（一） 句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ)如no, not, never, seldom , few, little, hardly, rarely, at no time, in no way, not until,by no means, in no time, in no case, on no

8、account, under no circumstance等。舉例Little did he say at the meeting.Never have I seen such a performance.By no means shall we save him.注意當(dāng)not until 引出主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，not until 引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.（二）含否定意義的連詞置于句首詩(shī)，要部分倒裝。如not onlybut also, neithernor, no sooner

9、than, scarcelywhen, hardlywhen等。注意：Not only but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前倒后不倒，舉例：Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.Not only is he good at English but also he is good at maths. 另外No soonerthan.，HardlyScarcelywhen兩個(gè)詞組的意思都為一···就···，連接兩個(gè)分時(shí)，含有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，因

10、此如果后面分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，前面的分句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.Hardly had I reached the railway station when the train started.(=I had hardly reached the railway station when the train started.)No sooner had I got to th

11、e cinema than the film began.(=I had no sooner got to the cinema than the film began.)（二） so, nor, neither表示“也”，“也不”的句子要部分倒裝。表示后面所說(shuō)的情況與前面的情況相同。也就是我們常說(shuō)的“兩人一事 ”。舉例Tom can speak French. So can jack .If you wont go, neither will I .注意：so表示“是的，確實(shí)”時(shí)，不倒裝。舉例He is a good boy. SO he is.（四）only +狀語(yǔ)，在句首要倒裝的情況。O

12、nly in this way can we learn English well.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.如果Only引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子則此句不倒裝。Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.(五)在so.that, such.that句型位于句首時(shí)， so和such部分要倒裝，that從句不倒裝。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.So excited was he that he coul

13、dnt say a word.(六)在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)含有were, had 和should這三個(gè)詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語(yǔ)之前。舉例Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.三、主謂不倒裝的倒裝句 1. as / though 引起讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)置于句首，但主謂不顛倒順序。如： Ti

14、red as / though he is, he is still working. 盡管他很累，他還是在工作。 Carefully as / though she listened, she didn't catch a word. 盡管她聽(tīng)得很仔細(xì)，她還是什么也沒(méi)聽(tīng)到。 若將含有不定冠詞修飾的表語(yǔ)提前，則應(yīng)省去不定冠詞 a / an 。如： Child as / though he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他還是個(gè)孩子，卻已經(jīng)懂得很多。 四、方法技巧點(diǎn)撥解題原則為：W+C. 1. W指的是謂語(yǔ)，我們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)要注意謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)一致和主謂一致及人稱(chēng)一致等問(wèn)題。特別是

15、要注意助動(dòng)詞的提取2. C指的是詞序，倒裝句在句式上考生不是很習(xí)慣，全部倒裝大家很容易理解，部分倒裝就是和一般疑問(wèn)句的詞序是一樣的。（時(shí)態(tài)一致）2010年江西 Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun答案：A考點(diǎn)：考察倒裝。解析：not until放在句首要用部分倒裝, 翻譯為直到, 所以begin發(fā)生在left之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生主謂一致39. In the dark forests

16、 _, some large enough to hold several English towns. 05遼寧Astand many lakes Blie many lakes Cmany lakes lie Dmany lakes stand詞序2009英語(yǔ)(瓊寧卷)New technology was used in teaching. As a result，not only_，but students became more interested in the lessons.Asaved was teachers' energyBwas teachers' energy savedCteachers' energy was saved Cwe do think Ddo we think答案：D 33. Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there_ the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming答案：A 33. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest