2016年高考英語備考學(xué)易黃金易錯點——專題08 形容詞性從句（專題）（解析版） word版含解析.

1、專題8 形容詞性從句【易錯雷區(qū)，步步為贏】1.(2015·浙江，19)Creating an atmosphere in employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.答案which2.(2015·重慶，14)He wrote many children's books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.解析句意：他寫了很多的兒童書，其中接近一半是在20世紀(jì)90年代出版的。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及選項可知是考查非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語。此處關(guān)系代詞which代指

2、前面的books，作介詞of的賓語。答案which3.(2015·四川，3)The books on the desk， covers are shiny，are prizes for us.解析考查定語從句。句意：桌上的書是給我們的獎勵，那些書的封面閃閃發(fā)光。本題考查非限制性定語從句的連接詞，先行詞為the books，和covers之間是所有關(guān)系，故用whose。答案whose4.(2015·安徽，28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.解析

3、句意：一些專家認(rèn)為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴的基本技能。 考查定語從句。depend on/upon依靠，依賴，介詞后只能用which或whom來構(gòu)成定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞， 先行詞為物，故用which。答案which5.(2015·福建，34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership， shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.解析句意：中國日報吸引了全世界的讀者，這表明世界上越來越多的人想了解中國。先行詞是前面的整個主句，在從句中作主語

4、，用which來引導(dǎo)。答案which6.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.解析考查定語從句。句意：Angela和她的家人一起呆在中國的那一年是2008年。先行詞the exact year在定語從句中作spent的賓語且指物，故用which也可用that或省略。答案which/that/不填7.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week， my classmates recommended to me.解析考

5、查非限制性定語從句。句意：上個星期，我從圖書館借了同學(xué)給我推薦的大偵探福爾摩斯。先行詞the book在定語從句中作recommend的賓語，所以要用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞是物，故用which。答案which8.A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.解析考查定語從句。句意：利潤來源于國內(nèi)市場且在下降的公司可以到國外尋找機會。此處關(guān)系代詞whose作定語。答案whose9.We'll reach the sales targets in a month we set at

6、the beginning of the year.答案which10.Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.解析考查定語從句。句意：請把所有有關(guān)這個職位候選人的信息發(fā)給我們。先行詞information在定語從句中充當(dāng)have的賓語，前面又有all來修飾，故只能用that，不用which。答案that【名師點睛，易錯起源】易錯起源1、正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的用法 例1. (2015·湖南，29)It is a truly delightful place,

7、 looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.解析句意：這真是一個令人開心的地方，它看起來和一百年前一模一樣，有著蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which代替先行詞place，在定語從句中用作主語，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。不可用that。答案which【變式探究】Her sister has become a lawyer,_ she wanted to be.A. Who B. that C. What D. Which【錯誤解答】 A【正確解答】 D【名

8、師點睛】1.定語從句相當(dāng)于一個形容詞，起定詞作用， 修飾名詞或代詞2.定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的三種功用:(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句(2)替代先行詞(3)在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。3.解題要領(lǐng):根據(jù)定語從句中所缺成分來確定是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，決不要因先行詞是時間名詞就用When，是地點名詞就用Where。4.當(dāng)先行詞指物時，許多情況下既可以用關(guān)系代詞which，也可以用關(guān)系代詞that，但在下列情況下，只能使用關(guān)系代詞that。 (1)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all，much，little，someting，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one時。例如:Do yo

9、u have anything that you want to say for yourself?You should hand in all that you have.(2)當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，any，few，little，no， all，very等詞修飾時。例如:This is the very book that Im looking for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級時或它的前面有形容詞最高級修飾時。例如:This is the best that has heen

10、 wsed against pollution.This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.(4)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前有一個序數(shù)詞時，例如This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou.What is the first Anerican film that you have seen?(5)當(dāng)先行詞既人又有物時，例如:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?(6)當(dāng)主句的主語是疑句詞who或wh

11、ich時。例如:Which is the bike that you lost?who is the boy that won the gold medal?【錦囊妙計，戰(zhàn)勝自我】有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關(guān)系代詞正用which，另外一個空用that。例如: They secretly buit up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.易錯起源2、對介詞后接關(guān)系代詞的考查 例2、Lily took a few friends to my birthday party，none of _ I was

12、familiar with.AwhichBwhose CthatDwhom答案D【變式探究】Why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else ,is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn【錯誤解答】 D或C 【錯解分析】 按照習(xí)慣的思維是介詞for可以表示“對”，但本題是固定短詞turn to表示“向某人求助”的意思，固定短語中的介詞一般不提前置于關(guān)系代詞之前。選項A中who是多余的，不定式可直接用作后置

13、定語。 【正確解答】 B 【名師點睛】“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定詞從句是定詞從句中較復(fù)雜的一種，一般多用于上式文件中。此類定語從句的關(guān)系代詞主要有which， whom，whose。它們既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，又可引導(dǎo)非限制性 定語從句。學(xué)習(xí)這種定語從句時主注意以下幾種情況:一、注意介詞的先取。在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，介詞的選取應(yīng)根據(jù)以下幾點:1.根據(jù)介詞和定語從句中謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配。例如: Who is the man with whom you just shook hands?The Two things about which Karl Marx was not sur

14、e were the grammar and some of the idioms.2.根據(jù)定語從句意思的需要，此時前后搭配都要注意。例如:He had a bad cold,because of which he didnt attend the meeting.The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition. 3.根據(jù)意思可用復(fù)雜介詞，如by meansof，asa result of，in front of，in the back of，a11 Of，most of等，例如:The instrument by m

15、eans of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom ae working hard at a problem in maths.二、注意關(guān)系代詞的選取。在“介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的空語從句中，如果，關(guān)系代詞指事物就用 which;如果指人則用whom;若表示“”的則用 whose.例如: This is the classroom in which we studided last year He lives

16、 in a house, whose door opens to then north.【錦囊妙計，戰(zhàn)勝自我】注意“介詞 + where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。有時有閱讀過程中我們會碰到“介詞 + where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，此時要和“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句從意義上加以區(qū)別。例如:They stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. ( from where 相當(dāng)于) from the top of the building, 而不是 from the building) 易錯起源3

17、、關(guān)系代詞as的用法例3. (2015·江蘇，21)The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.解析句意：據(jù)報道，吸煙者的數(shù)量在一年內(nèi)下降了17%。as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在這里作主語，意為“正如，這一點”，代替整個主句的內(nèi)容。答案as【變式探究】 has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. That B. As C. It D. What 【錯誤解答】 D【錯解分析】 考生把此題誤當(dāng)作主語從

18、句來解.本題考查的是as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，指代后面句子整體；表示“正如”，句意為“正如所宣布的，下月我們將進(jìn)行期末考試”故選B。【正確解答】 B【名師點睛】關(guān)系代詞as既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性性定語從句，as在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。1.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，一般用于下列句式:其中關(guān)系代詞as在從句中可擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。例如:We have found such materials as are used in their factory. (作主語)Such people as you describle are thought to be fools nowadys. (作賓語)He is not the same man as he was. (作表語)(2).such as .這里such為代詞，意思是“這樣的人或物”，as在從句中擔(dān)任成分，修飾先行詞such。例如:He turned out to be very successful,which was more than we co