初中英語語法大全：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)-

1、初中英語語法大全：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)I am watching TV now.我正在看電視。句型：主語+be (am, is, are) +現(xiàn)在分詞.Look ! Nancy is doing her homework看！南希正在做作業(yè)。They are cleaning their classroom.他們正在打掃他們的教室。She isn't reading now.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)He was walking in the park at that time yesterday昨天那個(gè)時(shí)候，他正在公園散步。句型：主語+be (was, were ) +現(xiàn)在分詞

2、.I was watching TV then.那時(shí)，我正在看電視。When I came home , they were cooking in the kitchen.當(dāng)我進(jìn)家時(shí)，他們正在廚房里做飯。When he knocked at the door , we weren't doing our homework.當(dāng)他敲門時(shí)，我們沒有在寫作業(yè)。Were you cooking at that time ?那時(shí)，你在做飯嗎？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過去形式is/are/am +v-ing.其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“

3、此時(shí)此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2、當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。E.g. They are workingthese days.3、某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表預(yù)定的計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。E.g I am coming.其結(jié)構(gòu)為be+現(xiàn)在分詞.現(xiàn)在分詞的變法有1、一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump2、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去e,再加-ing. E.g have write3 、.以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，它前面是單個(gè)元音字母時(shí)要先將詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加上-ing. E.g. si

4、t put其句式變換都在be上做文章。E.g. He is buying a bike.Is he buying a bike?He isn ' t buying a bike.一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等時(shí)間狀語做標(biāo)志。4 .習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.（說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。）She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.5 . 表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有： get, grow, become, turn,

5、run, go, begin 等。The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.6 .與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。You are always changing your mind.典型例題My dictionary, I have looked for it everywhere but still it.A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't fi

6、ndC. has lost, haven't foundD. is missing, haven't found.答案D.前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)，由于沒有找到，其影響仍然 存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí)。不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞1）事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continueI have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister.2）心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞Know

7、, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hateI need your help.He loves her very much.3 ）瞬間動(dòng)詞 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.I accept your advice.4）系動(dòng)詞seem, remain, lie, see, hear,

8、smell, feel, taste, get, become, turnYou seem a little tired.（一）、單選1、 Look! He their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping2、are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .Who B .How C.What D.Where3、 Don ' t talk here. My mother.A. is sleeping B .are sle

9、eping C. sleeping D .sleep4、Danny. Don' t call him.A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes5、-When he back?-Sorry, I don t know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming答案：A C A B D(二)、填空1、 It' s ten o' clock. My mother(lie)in bed.2、 What he(mend)?3、 We(play)games now.4、 Wh

10、at you(do) these days?5、 he(clean) the classroom?6、 Who(sing)in the next room?7、The girl(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She(wear)a red sweater today.答案：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing一、把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞形式易出錯(cuò) 例：1、They are swiming.(swim)2、Jenny i

11、s plaiing(play)football.答案：l.swimming 2 .playing解析：動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞可有如下口訣：“一添一去y不變”.“一添”指雙寫規(guī)則; “一去”指去掉不發(fā)音字母e規(guī)則；“ y不變”指要與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)區(qū)分開。二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.2、Li Mingisn ' t read ( not read) a book in bed now.答案：1 are flying 2 isn ' t reading解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句的

12、結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律為：“be+現(xiàn)在分詞，缺一不可”。這一點(diǎn)必 須牢記。三、對動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí)丟掉 doing例：1、The students are singing in the room.(對劃線部分提問)What are the students in the room?答案： What are the students doing in the room?解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中對動(dòng)作提問可記住此句式“What +be + 主語+doing+其它?”或簡寫為“ What doing " ？句式。四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的選擇疑問句中易忽視 or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式例：孩子們在跑還是在跳？Are th

13、e children running or jump?答案： Are the children running or jumping?解析：or連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分，動(dòng)詞形式須一致。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過去形式was/were +v-ing.其句式變化仍然要在 be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.We weren ' t working in class. Were you working in class?1）概念：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。E.g. They were playing football at ten o 

14、9; clock yesterday morning.My mother was cooking when I got home.I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.2） 過去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 What were you doing during the holiday?另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí) e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.3）常用的時(shí)間狀語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語連用，如last night, at

15、 that time, atnoon yesterday, last Sunday 等。也有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knewwhat he was working for.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun w

16、as shining.典型例題1) Mary a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同 時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí) 性，”瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) As she the newspaper, Granny asleep.read ； was falling B. was reading ； fell C. was reading ； was falling D. read ; fell答案B.句中的

17、as = when, while ，意為"當(dāng)之時(shí)”。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為"在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了"句中的fell (fall的過去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。做題時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤如下：一、易把be+現(xiàn)在分詞記成be+過去分詞例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.答案：was talking解析：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1 I watching (watch)

18、 TV when he came in.2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.答案：1 was watching 2 were playing解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“ be+現(xiàn)在分詞缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。三、對動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí)丟掉 doing例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.(對劃線部分提問)What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?答案： What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中Whatdoing?句式同樣適用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混例： My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.答案：was cooking解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，但現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是現(xiàn)在， 而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是過去，由 when I got home可看出前提是過去。五、易與一般過去時(shí)弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。I read (read) a story book