非真實(shí)條件句

1、Unit 3Understanding each otherGrammar and usage非真實(shí)條件句非真實(shí)條件句在英語(yǔ)句子中在英語(yǔ)句子中, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣是用來(lái)表謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)所說(shuō)內(nèi)容的態(tài)度、看法以及示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)所說(shuō)內(nèi)容的態(tài)度、看法以及心情等。英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣心情等。英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣有三種有三種:1. 直陳語(yǔ)氣直陳語(yǔ)氣用于直截了當(dāng)?shù)仃愂鍪聦?shí)、描述狀態(tài)。用于直截了當(dāng)?shù)仃愂鍪聦?shí)、描述狀態(tài)。例如例如:Edward, you play so well. But I didnt know you played the piano. 2. 祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣用于提出

2、請(qǐng)求、命令、建議或是勸告用于提出請(qǐng)求、命令、建議或是勸告等。例如等。例如: Be quiet, please. Go and wash your hands. Look out！Danger！ No parking.3. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于表示主觀愿望或假設(shè)的虛擬情況。虛用于表示主觀愿望或假設(shè)的虛擬情況。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中說(shuō)話(huà)者所講的內(nèi)容往往是與事實(shí)擬語(yǔ)氣中說(shuō)話(huà)者所講的內(nèi)容往往是與事實(shí)相反的；或是其實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性微乎其微相反的；或是其實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性微乎其微, 甚至沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性甚至沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性, 但是有時(shí)為了使但是有時(shí)為了使說(shuō)話(huà)的語(yǔ)氣客氣、緩和、委婉說(shuō)話(huà)的語(yǔ)氣客氣、緩和、委婉, 也使用虛也使用虛擬

3、語(yǔ)氣。例如擬語(yǔ)氣。例如:I wish you were more careful. If I had had more time, I would had done the work better. Would you mind if I closed the window?真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句 真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句: 并不是并不是 if 引導(dǎo)的條件從句引導(dǎo)的條件從句都是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果都是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果if從句所指的事很從句所指的事很有可能發(fā)生有可能發(fā)生, 那么這是真實(shí)條件句；反那么這是真實(shí)條件句；反之之, 則是虛擬條件句。則是虛擬條件句。 真實(shí)條件句中主從句的時(shí)態(tài)

4、關(guān)系真實(shí)條件句中主從句的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系 條件從句：條件從句： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 主句：主句：shall will + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? If it doesnt rain. 非真實(shí)條件句非真實(shí)條件句: 在非真實(shí)條件句即虛擬條件句中在非真實(shí)條件句即虛擬條件句中主從句的謂語(yǔ)部分構(gòu)成如下表所示：主從句的謂語(yǔ)部分構(gòu)成如下表所示：從從 句句主主 句句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)事實(shí)相反相反動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)的過(guò)去式一般用去式一般用were）would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形與與過(guò)去過(guò)去事實(shí)事

5、實(shí)相反相反had + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞與與將來(lái)將來(lái)事實(shí)事實(shí)相反相反 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；were to + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If I had money, I would lend you some.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)If I were you, I would not give it up. (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)If you had got up earlier, you could have c

6、aught the bus.(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)If he had known her address, he would had gone to visit her.(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)If I should have a chance, I would try my best.(與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping.(與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反)1.Everything _ if Albert hadnt called the fire brigade.A. will be des

7、troyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed Please choose the correct answers to the following multiple choices.D2. I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentB3. -You can ask your brother fo

8、r help. -He isnt at home. If he _, I _.A. were, would B. is, would C. is, will D. were, willA4. Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation? No, but if I _ time, I _ very glad to go there.A. have, will be B. had had, would have been C. had, would be D. had had, would beC5. If you had eno

9、ugh money, what _?A. will you buy B. would you buy C. would you have bought D. will you have boughtB6. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did comeC. came D. had comeDTranslate these sentences into English.1. 如果我是一個(gè)醫(yī)生，我將毫不猶如果我是一個(gè)醫(yī)生，我將毫不猶豫地救

10、她。豫地救她。If I were a doctor, I would save her life without hesitation. 2. 如果你昨天去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)的話(huà)，如果你昨天去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)的話(huà)， 你將會(huì)遇到她了。你將會(huì)遇到她了。 If you had gone to the concert yesterday, you would have met her. 3. 如果明天下雨的話(huà)，會(huì)議將會(huì)推遲。如果明天下雨的話(huà)，會(huì)議將會(huì)推遲。If it rained tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 4. 如果你聽(tīng)了醫(yī)生的話(huà)，你早就恢復(fù)如果你聽(tīng)了醫(yī)生的話(huà)，你早就恢復(fù)健康了。健康了。If you had listened to the doctor, you would have already recovered.5. 如果沒(méi)有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)將容易如果沒(méi)有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)將容易多了。多了。If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much ea