也 的種種名詞及所有格

1、簡(jiǎn)析also, too, as well和either用法一. too, also, as well：都用于肯定句，表示前者怎樣后者也怎樣。too：一般放在句尾，可用逗號(hào)和前面的句子隔開(kāi)，也可不用；also：其位置大多放在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前；as well：其位置一般放在句尾，三者可以作同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：You need to go shopping and I need to go shopping, too.=You need to go shopping and I also need to go shopping.=You need to go shoppin

2、g and I need to go shopping as well 二. either：用于否定句中，表示前者不，后者也不，其位置一般放在句尾。例如： He doesn”t want any coffee, and I don”t want any, either. You don”t know the way and I don”t know it, either. practice:1. He is _ saying,“I don”t want any bread,_.”A. too, also B. also, too C. either, too D. also, either2.

3、 I _ study English and Russian.A. too B. also C. either D. as well3. Not only the children but _ their father is in town.A. too B. also C. either D. as well4. John _ believes that bears hibernate in winter _.A. also, either B. too, as well C. also, as well D. as well, too5. The foreigner can speak E

4、nglish, he can speak French _.A. neither B. also C. either D. as well few、little、a few、a little的用法： few、little意思是“很少幾個(gè)”、“幾乎沒(méi)有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有幾個(gè)”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ；few、a few與可數(shù)名詞連用或代替可數(shù)的事物, little、a little與不可數(shù)名詞連用或代替不可數(shù)的事物。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如： He is very poor and he has little money.(他很窮,幾乎沒(méi)有什么錢

5、。) Dont worry. There is still a little time left.(別著急,還有一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間呢。) In that polar region there live few people.(在那個(gè)極地地區(qū)幾乎不住人) You can get a few sweets from him.(你可以從他那兒弄到一些糖果)名詞及所有格 名詞是表示人、事物、物質(zhì)種類、抽象概念的詞，它屬于一種重要的實(shí)詞。名詞可以從不同的角度進(jìn)行分類. 1、根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行分類： 簡(jiǎn)單名詞：man chair land water 復(fù)合名詞：farmland roommate seaside 派生

6、名詞：argument ability greatness questionnaire 2、根據(jù)詞匯意義進(jìn)行分類： 專有名詞和普通名詞，其中普通名詞又可分為個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。3、根據(jù)語(yǔ)法意義進(jìn)行分類：名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞的量的變化1)借助單位詞表示不可數(shù)名詞的量a piece of paper /a piece of wood/ a piece of bread a bottle of orange/ a glass of water（milk）/ a cup of tea a cup of tea /a bag of rice/ three ba

7、gs of rice2）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，不可數(shù)名詞也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等來(lái)修飾。 The rich man has a lot of moneyThere is some milk in the bottleIs there any water in the glass？I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice名詞所有格及其用法。 英語(yǔ)名詞有三個(gè)格，即主格、賓格和所有格。名詞的主格和賓格形

8、式相同，所以它們又統(tǒng)稱作通格。當(dāng)名詞用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)時(shí)，用通格。英語(yǔ)名詞的所有格表示所屬關(guān)系，它分-s 所有格和 of 所有格兩種形式。 定義：名詞所有格，用來(lái)表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系的一種形式，名詞所有格的構(gòu)成包括s所有格、of 所有格和雙重所有格。 （1）-s所有格的構(gòu)成方法 一般情況(包括單數(shù)名詞和不帶詞尾s的復(fù)數(shù)名詞)加 -s： childrens books 兒童圖書(shū) todays paper 今天的報(bào)紙 帶詞尾s的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加省字撇()： girls school 女子學(xué)校the Smiths car 史密斯家的小汽車 注：帶詞尾s的單數(shù)名詞，通常仍加s：the boss

9、s plan 老板的計(jì)劃帶詞尾s的人名，可加s 或只加省字撇()： Dickens novels 狄更斯的小說(shuō)Charless job 查理斯的工作 不帶詞尾-s卻以咝音結(jié)尾者，一律加s： Marxs works 馬克思的著作Georges room 喬治的房間 注意：（考點(diǎn)）如果一個(gè)事物為兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)以上的人共同擁有，只在最后一個(gè)名詞的末尾加s。E.g. This is John, Jack and Toms room. E.g. Mr. Green is Jim and Kates father. 表示某人的家，店鋪的所有格，一般可以省略它所修飾的名詞。 the Greens 格林家 th

10、e barbers 理發(fā)店 at the tailors 在裁縫店the Smith 史密斯這個(gè)人 the Smiths史密斯一家人the Smiths史密斯的家（住處） the Smiths史密斯一家人的家（住處）s 所有格常表示有生命的東西，但也可表示無(wú)生命的東西，如：時(shí)間，自然現(xiàn)象，國(guó)家，城市等實(shí)體，度量衡以及價(jià)值等。例： five minutes walk 五分鐘步行的路程 todays newspaper 今天的報(bào)紙 thirty dollars value 30美元的價(jià)值 Chinas capital 注：一個(gè)七歲的女孩 a seven-year-old girl a seven

11、years old girl a girl of seven a girl of seven years 一百米的賽跑 100-meter race 100 meters race用and連接的并列連詞的所有格要分兩種情況，即表示各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，要分別在并列連詞后加-s，表示共同的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加-s： Toms and Jims rooms 湯姆和吉姆(各自)的房間 Tom and Jims rooms 湯姆和吉姆(共同)的房間 用于某些固定表達(dá)中： a stones throw 一箭之遙at ones wits end 黔驢技窮 at arms length 以一臂之距o

12、ut of harms way 在完全的地方 （2）、of 所有格 表示無(wú)生命的名詞的所有格，一般用of 所有格。如： the legs of the chair 椅子的腿 the cover of the book 書(shū)的封面 （3）、雙重所有格 雙重所有格，即兩種形式結(jié)合在一起應(yīng)用“of +名詞s”。如： the books of the librarys圖書(shū)館的書(shū) a photo of Jim a photo of Jims 【經(jīng)典例題】 1. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stori

13、es 2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges 3.Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk 4. An old _ wants to see you. A. people B. person C.

14、the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her sec

15、ond _. A. family B. house C. home D. room8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts 10. He is

16、a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago.A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters12. A group of _ are talking with two _.A. Frenchmen, Germans B.Germans ,Frenchmans

17、C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen 【經(jīng)典練習(xí)】（ ）3. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men. A.earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions（ ）4 Last night, there was a food

18、accident. The _ were ill, but no _ were lost. A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life6. The new student is in _ , Grade Two. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class （ ）7. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers

19、. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers （ ）8. The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride. A.half an hours B. half an hours C. half an hour D. an hour and a half （ ）9. - What would you like to drink, girls? - _, please. A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffe C. Two cups of

20、 coffee D. Two cups of coffees （ ）10. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for _. A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks （ ）11. Some _ are flying kites near the river. A. child B. boy C. boys D. childs （ ）12. After the exam, well have_ holiday. A. two weeks B. two-weeks C.

21、two weeks D. two weeks所有格練習(xí)1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day.A. Teacher B. TeachersC. Teachers D. Teacher 2. Its June 1st, its _ Day. A. Childrens B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Childrenss 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A.My mothers brithday B. My mothers brithday C. My mothers brithdayD. My motherss brithday 4. Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the _ . A. doctor B. doctors C. doctors D.