動詞的語態(tài)導學案

1、動詞的語態(tài)導學案編制人：雷翊審核人：趙清林【學習目標】自主學習，掌握動詞的語態(tài)，提高在語境中運用的能力。 【使用說明及學法指導】1.10分鐘結合導學案總結、理解并熟記基本用法。2.20分鐘合作探究，建立知識體系。3.15分鐘當堂檢測，鞏固落實，展示點評探究內容課前預習案【自主學習】-大聲讀觀察下列每組句子，找出它們有什么不同。1. He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.2. The motorbike is ridde n to his factory (by him) every day.3. We call the snowmanM

2、r Strong.4. The snowmanis called Mr Stro ng (by us).5. He can carrythe basket easily.6. The basket can be easily carried by him.7. They can sin gsome beautiful songs.8.Some beautiful songsan be sung by them.9. They will finish the task tomorrow.10. The task will be fini shed (by them) tomorrow.What

3、is the Passive Voice?當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當 句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助 動詞be+過去分詞構成，時態(tài)通過 be表現出來。一、語態(tài)概述所謂語態(tài)是指主語和謂語動詞的關系。央語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)(the Active Voice)被動語態(tài)(the Passive Voice)了解被動語態(tài)的用 法1.2345.歸納幾種時態(tài)的被 動語態(tài)的基本結構1.2.34.5.A. 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。We pla nted the trees.B. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。The trees were p

4、la nted by us.二、被動語態(tài)的用法1. 不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。This watch is made in Chi na.2. 沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。More trees must be pla nted every year.3. 需要強調或突出動作的承受者時。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.(強 調漢語的適用范圍廣泛)4. 動作的發(fā)出者不是人時。Many houses were washed away in the flood.5. 某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。He was born in Oc

5、tober, 1989.課堂探究案【合作探究】-我參與合作探究一：對學、互學，小組里學習對子互相探討，完成右欄里的知識總結和 歸納。合作探究二：群學，全體起立，組內探討疑問，展示收獲，完善右 欄探究任務。我的疑問我的收獲 三、被動語態(tài)的構成be + 及物動詞的過去分詞1. 一般現在時主語+ am/is/are + 及物動詞的過去分詞+其他1. The classroom_ by the students every day. ( clean)2. Chinese by more and more people in theworld.(speak)2. 一般過去時主語+ was/were +

6、及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. The kiteby him yesterday.(make)2.0ur housein 1969.(build)3. 現在進行時主語+ am/is/ are bei ng +及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. A new teach ing build ingin our school now.(build)2. Tom' s carnow. (repair)4. 過去進行時主語+ was/were bei ng +及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. A letterby her at this time yesterday. (write)5. 般將來時主語

7、+ will/shall/be goi ng to be +及物動詞的過去分詞+其他1. More new teachi ng build ingsin the coun trysiden ext year. (build)2. A talk on Chinese historyin the school hall nextweek. (give)6. 現在完成時主語+ have/has been +及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. The workby him already. (do)2. The partysince the new year. (pla n)7. 過去完成時主語+ had

8、 been +及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. The homeworkby him before 7 pmyesterday. (fini sh)&過去將來時主語 + would/should/(was/were) goi ng to be + 及物動詞的過去分詞+其他1. My mother said a big birthday cakefor me byher.(make)9.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)主語+情態(tài)動詞be +及物動詞的過去分詞 +其他1. The workin a new way. (can, do)2. Thisas soon as possible. ( must

9、 .do)6.7.8.9.弄懂主動語態(tài)變?yōu)?被動語態(tài)的基本步 驟1.2.34.四、主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的基本步驟1.把主動句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z（如是人稱代詞要由賓格 變?yōu)橹鞲瘢?謂語動詞由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。3. 主動句中的主語變?yōu)橛蒪y引導的賓語（人稱代詞由主格變?yōu)橘e 格）。4. 其他成分照抄。Eg1. People speak En glish in England.主語謂語賓語其它成分 En glishis spoke n by people in England. 1、帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)謂語動詞帶雙賓語時，既可以將間接賓語轉化為主語，也可 以將直接賓語轉化為主語

10、。若將間接賓語轉化為主語，則保留直接 賓語；若將直接賓語轉化為主語則保留間接賓語，且在被保留的間 接兵語前加上介詞to或for。Eg1. She gave me a book.改為被動語態(tài)）-I was given a book.（間接兵語改為主語）-A book was given to me.直接兵語改為主語）2動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)許多由不及物動詞和介詞、副詞構成的動詞短語相當于及物動 詞，可以有賓語，也可以有被動語態(tài)。但是動詞短語是個不可分割 的整體，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不可丟掉構成動詞短語的介詞或副詞。 Eg1. We should speak to old men politely.改

11、為被動語態(tài)）-Old men should be spoken to politely. （to不可省略）3、帶復合賓語的的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)賓語加上賓語補足語一起構成復合賓語。變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，只把賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，賓語補足語仍保留在原處，成為主語補足 語。Eg1. I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.改為被動語態(tài)）-Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.4、 在主動句中感官動詞 （feel/see/hear/watch/notice和使役動詞 （let/make/have后接省略to的動詞

12、不定式做兵語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍觿釉~短語變?yōu)楸粍?語態(tài)時應注意什 么？主動句中感官動詞（和使役動詞，變?yōu)?被動句時省略的to 如何處理？記住被動語態(tài)的特 殊形式1.2.句時省略的to要重新加上去。Eg1. He makes the girl stay at home.改為被動語態(tài)）-The girl is made to stay at home.Eg2. Last Sun day we heard them sing Beiji ng Opera in the theater.（改為被動語態(tài)）-They were heard to si ng Beiji ng Opera in the thea

13、ter last Sun day.五、被動語態(tài)的特殊形式have / get / make sth. done 使 / 讓某事物被做Eg. I had my hair cut yesterday.Eg. My bike is broke n. 1 have to get it repaired.六、以主動的形式表示被動的含乂的情況：1、一些表示事物感官特性的動詞如：look（看起來）,sound聽起來）, smell（聞起來）,taste（嘗起來）,feel（摸起來）當主語為物體時，一般用 主動形式表示被動含義。Eg1. The idea sounds in teresti ng.這個主意聽起

14、來有趣。Eg2. This kind of cloth feels very soft.這種布料摸起來很軟。2、write, sell, wash, cut, drive, open, lock, read, clean, bur等詞作 不及物動詞時，它們的主語為物，可用主動形式表被動。Eg1. This kind of shirt sells well here.Eg2. This pen writes smoothly.Eg3. The car drives well.3、want, need, require等詞表 需要 時，后邊可跟ing形式表被動， 相當于 to be done.My

15、 bike n eeds repairi ng.= My bike n eeds to be repaired.掌握以主動的形式 表示被動的含義的 情況：1.2.3.【展示點評】-我自信具體要求：看規(guī)范（書寫、格式）看對錯。找出關鍵詞，補充、完善。點評內容， 講方法規(guī)律。面帶微笑，全面展示自我?！具_標檢測】我能做Task1請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。1. The farmer made the horses work the whole day.The horsesthe whole day.2. Mum asks the twins not to swim in the lake.The

16、twinsin the lake.3.1 saw a mouse run into the room.A mouseinto the room.4.1 ofte n hear him sing En glish son gs.Heoften English songs.5. Lily took care of the baby last ni ght.The babyby Lily.6. He showed her some pictures.Shesome pictures.Some picturesher.Task2.單選1. -George and Lucy got married la

17、st week. Did you go to their wedd ing? -No, I. Did they have a big wedd ing?A. wasn ' t invited B. haven ' t invitedC. haven ' t been invitedD. didn ' t invited2. The baby nowby the nurse in the hospital.A. looks afterB. is look ing afterC. is being looked after D. has looked after3.

18、 I know he won' t come to the party uni ess he.A. will in vite B. is in vited C. will be in vitedD. i nvites4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbishinto the river.A. needn ' t be thrown B. mustn ' t be thrownC. can ' t throwD. may not throw5. How ofte nyour school sports meet ing _?Once a week.A. does, hold