初中疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上(1) 疑問句：用來提出疑問的句子。可以分為：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句四種類型。1) 一般疑問句：能夠用Yes或者No來回答的疑問句叫一般疑問句。肯定回答用Yes，否定回答用No。一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：Be主語表語？或者是：助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 主語謂語？例如：Are you a teacher? 你是老師嗎？Yes, I am. 是的，我是?；颍篘o, I am not. 不，我不是。Does your mother go shopping on Sunday? 你媽媽星期天購物嗎？Yes, she does. 是的，她經(jīng)常去購物?；颍篘o, she

2、 doesnt.不，她不經(jīng)常去購物。Must we go at once? 我們必須立刻走嗎？Yes, we must. 是的，必須走?；颍篘o, we neednt. 不，沒有必要。注意：一般疑問句也可用表示肯定或否定的詞來回答，如certainly(當(dāng)然)， surely(當(dāng)然)， of course(當(dāng)然)，I think so（我想是的），all right(好吧)，certainly not(當(dāng)然不是), not at all(一點(diǎn)也不), never(從不)，sorry(很抱歉)，not yet(還沒有) Im afraid not(恐怕不是)等。2) 特殊疑問句：用來對句子的某一

3、特殊部分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。特殊疑問句一般用降調(diào)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句（）？對它的回答不能用Yes或者No，要根據(jù)詢問的內(nèi)容具體回答。例如：Where were you at that time? 那時(shí)你在哪里？I was at home. 我在家。常用的疑問代詞有who（誰），whom（誰），whose（誰的），which（哪一個(gè)），what（什么）； 疑問副詞有when（何時(shí)），where（何地），why（為什么），how（如何）以及“how+形容詞”構(gòu)成的短語。例如：Who is your teacher? 誰是你的老師？（指人，作主語）Whom did you telep

4、hone to just now? 你剛才給誰打電話？（指人，作賓語）Whose coat is this? 這是誰的大衣？（作定語）Which child knows the answer? 哪個(gè)孩子知道答案？（作定語）What class are you in? 你在幾班？（指物，作定語）When will you arrive?（提問時(shí)間）Where has he gone?（提問地點(diǎn)）Why are you late again?（提問原因）How do you often go to school? （提問方式）How far is it from your house to you

5、r school? (how far 提問距離)How often does he go to the French club? (how often 提問頻率)3） 選擇疑問句：選擇疑問句是提供兩種或者兩種以上的情況，問對方選擇哪一種。其結(jié)構(gòu)可以用一般疑問句也可以用特殊疑問句，之間用連詞or鏈接。選擇疑問句不能用yes或者no來回答，必須選擇其中之一來回答。例如：Shall we go there by bus or on foot? 我們乘坐公共汽車去還是步行去？Well go by bus. 我們乘坐公共汽車去。Which do you like better, tea or coffe

6、e? 茶和咖啡，你更喜歡哪種？I like tea better. 我更喜歡茶。4) 反意疑問句：也叫附加疑問句，是在陳述句的后面加一個(gè)簡短問句，對陳述句所說的事實(shí)或者觀點(diǎn)提出疑問或希望陳述句部分內(nèi)容得到證實(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)為“肯定陳述句+否定問句+?”或“否定陳述句+肯定問句+？”。例如：You are coming, arent you? 你會來的，是嗎？You cant swim, can you? 你不會游泳，對嗎？Her brother went to college last year, didnt he? 她哥哥去年上的大學(xué)，是不是？注意：陳述部分的主句帶有no, never, nothi

7、ng, nowhere, hardly, seldom, few, little等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，附加問句用肯定形式。例如：You hardly speak English, do you? 你幾乎不能說英語，對嗎？They have few friends here, do they? 他們在這里幾乎沒有朋友，對嗎？There be句型的反意疑問句，其附加問句仍用there。There will be a party tomorrow, wont there? 明天有個(gè)晚會，是不是？陳述部分是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，附加問句一般要和主句一致。但是當(dāng)陳述部分是“Im sure, Im afraid

8、, I (dont) think / believe +賓語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加問句應(yīng)與從句一致，而且要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。He said he was late for class, didnt he? 他說他上課遲到了，是嗎？I dont think he is good at math, is he? 我認(rèn)為他不擅長數(shù)學(xué)，是不是這樣？（否定轉(zhuǎn)移）反意疑問句的答語一般要根據(jù)事實(shí)用yes或no引導(dǎo)的簡單問句回答，漢語的翻譯有時(shí)和英語不一致。例如：She cant swim, can she? 她不會游泳，對嗎？Yes, she can. 不，她會。You werent here yesterda

9、y, are you? 你昨天沒有在這里，對嗎？No, I wasnt. 是，我不在。(2) 祈使句：祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、勸告、建議等語氣的句子。祈使句的主語一般是第二人稱you，但往往省略，謂語一般用動詞原形，否定句是用助動詞dont動詞原形其他。例如：Dont be late next time. 下一次不要遲到。Open the door, please. 請打開門。有時(shí)候祈使句的后面用附加疑問句加強(qiáng)語氣。例如：Dont tell it anyone, will you? 不要告訴任何人，好嗎？(3) 感嘆句：表示喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子叫感嘆句。感嘆句的末尾用感嘆號。句子開頭經(jīng)

10、常用what或者h(yuǎn)ow。1）How在感嘆句中可以修飾形容詞、副詞、或整個(gè)句子等。例如：How beautiful the skirt is! 這條裙子多漂亮呀！How tall your brother is！你的哥哥多高呀！How time flies! 時(shí)間過得真快呀！2）what在感嘆句可以修飾名詞。如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，用whata/an（形容詞）名詞主語謂語！如果是不可數(shù)名詞或者可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式用What（形容詞）名詞主語謂語！例如：What a tall boy your brother is! 你哥哥是一個(gè)多么高的男孩！What beautiful pictures t

11、hey are! 那些圖畫多美麗呀！注意：what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句有時(shí)可以互換，但是要注意詞序的變化。例如：他是多聰明的孩子！What a clever boy he is! = How clever a boy he is!= How clever the boy is! I.單項(xiàng)選擇。1_ do you make a banana milk shake? Peel the banana first and blend it with milkAWhat BWhen CHow DWhere2There are two libraries in this city，_?Aarent the

12、re Barent they Cisnt it D. is it3She doesnt like geography，does she? _AYes，she does BYes，she doesnt CNo，she does D. Yes，she is4_ information he offered us! We all thank himAWhat useful BWhat useless CHow useful DHow useless5John，clean your room，_? Awill you Bshall we Cdont you Ddoesnt he6_ won the 1

13、00th gold medal at the Olympics for China? Zhang YiningShes from BeijingAWho BWhat CWhen DWhere7 Our hometown is more beautiful than before_?Aisnt it Bis it Cdoesnt it Ddoes it8 _ will the foreign students be back from Xibaipo? In five daysAHow soon BHow often CFlow far DHow fast9. _ weather it is!A

14、. What a fine B. How fine C. What fine D. How fine the10. _ day it is! Lets go out and have a picnic.A. How cold B. How nice C. What a cloudy D. What a lovely11. I suppose you are not going today, _?A. are you B. do you C. dont you D. arent you12.Dont you often go shopping? _. I work very late every

15、 day.A. Yes, I do B. No, I dont C. Yes, I dont D. No, I do13.Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning , _? No, she got up too late.A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she14._ is that man over there? Thats my brother.A. Who B. What C. Where D. How15._ did you have the party last night? In

16、 the park.A. What B. Why C. When D. Where16._ sleep too late. Its bad for your health. A. Do B. Not C. Dont D. Isnt17._, and you will do well in physics. A. Studying B. Study hard C. Studies hardD. To study hard18.You bought a new computer last week, _? A. arent you B. dont you C. didnt you D. haven

17、t you19. _ its blowing outside!A. What heavy B. How heavy C. How heavily D. What heavily20. _ Mrs. Smith is!A. How kind woman B. What a kind womanC. What kind woman D. How a kind womanII. 按括號內(nèi)要求完成下列句式。1. The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑問句） The worker _ _ the factory _. _ the w

18、orker _ the factory _? 2. She writes to her parents once a week.（對劃線部分提問） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 3. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（對劃線部分提問） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? 4. Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改為一般疑問句） _ Edison _ a science lab himself when he was ten？ 5. Those Japanese like