非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解課件學(xué)習(xí)資料

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解課件非謂語(yǔ)：無(wú)人稱(chēng)，數(shù)的變化，不單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但保留非謂語(yǔ)：無(wú)人稱(chēng)，數(shù)的變化，不單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但保留動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，可以有賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，可以有賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。e.g. He works. He wants to work here. He is working now. He has done his work. 非謂語(yǔ)不定式（不定式（to do)V-ingV-edas a nounas adj. or adv.現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 的分類(lèi)的分類(lèi) Tom returned from the managers office, telling m

2、e that the boss wanted to see me at once.2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.4. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.5. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗爭(zhēng)。生活就是斗爭(zhēng)。)找出下列句子中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（含短語(yǔ)）找出下列句子中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（含短語(yǔ)）非謂

3、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法作用非謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式不定式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞高考熱點(diǎn)一、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)：一、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)：1. 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示泛指的、一般的行為動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示泛指的、一般的行為; 不定式不定式 做主語(yǔ)常表示某次具體的行為或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作。做主語(yǔ)常表示某次具體的行為或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作。 e.g. Climbing mountains is great fun. 爬山很有趣。爬山很有趣。 To visit China is my next goal. 2. 不定式做主語(yǔ)，一般用不定式做主語(yǔ)，一般用it當(dāng)

4、形式主語(yǔ)，把作主語(yǔ)的不當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，把作主語(yǔ)的不 定式短語(yǔ)后置。定式短語(yǔ)后置。 e.g. It took me only five minutes to finish the job.3. 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)有時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)有時(shí)用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句 尾。常見(jiàn)于以下句型中：尾。常見(jiàn)于以下句型中： Its use/ good / fun Its useful/ nice/ useless e.g Its nice seeing you again. 辨析幾類(lèi)情況：1. _ a language requires time and effort. A. Learn B

5、. Learning C. To learn D. Being learned2. It is not always easy _ invitations. A. to refuse B. refusing C. to be refused D. being refused3. How _ the problem will be discussed at tomorrows meeting. A. to solve B. to be solved C. being solved D. solving4. It _ forty-five minutes _ there by bus. A. co

6、st, to get B. takes, getting C. takes, to get D. takes, to get to5. It is no good _. You should give_. A. to smoke, it up B. smoking, it up C. smoking, up it D. to smoke, up it二、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：二、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：v1. 下列動(dòng)詞后常跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)：下列動(dòng)詞后常跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)： want, wish, hope, expect, ask, afford, agree, choose, pretend, de

7、cide, happen, learn, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, manage, promise, intend等。等。ve.g. He agreed to get someone to help us.v They promised not to break the school rules again. 只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來(lái)做的事決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來(lái)做的事 迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事 決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能

8、做被用來(lái)做的事決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來(lái)做的事 decide to do sth. 決定做某事決定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想做某事想做某事 plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某計(jì)劃做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事能做某事 be used to do 被用來(lái)做被用來(lái)做 迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事 cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones m

9、ind to do 下決心做某事下決心做某事 used to do 過(guò)去常常做某事過(guò)去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事2. 在下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后常用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：在下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后常用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)： admit, advise, allow, avoid, bear, cannot help, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, give up, imagine. include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, permit, practice, resist, risk, suggest, st

10、and, insist on, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from), keepfrom, stop(from), protectfrom, be engaged in, spend(in), succeed in, admit to, be/ get/ become used to, be equal to, devoteto, get down to, look forward to, object to, stick to, take to, see

11、to, lead to, pay attention to等。等。只能接只能接-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí) 錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意值得考慮錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意值得考慮 （押韻）（押韻）喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí) enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事喜歡做某事 spend.doing sth. 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)做某事做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象想象做某事做某事 cant help doing sth

12、. 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事完成做某事 practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事練習(xí)做某事 miss doing sth. 錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事 suggest doing sth. 建議做某事建議做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（繼續(xù)）做某事保持（繼續(xù)）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事 consider doing sth. 考慮做某事考慮做某事錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意

13、值得考慮錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意值得考慮 介詞介詞+doing ?？冀樵~?？冀樵~: at, in, on of, off, for, from up, about, without to 等等等等 be good at doing sth 擅長(zhǎng)做某事擅長(zhǎng)做某事 be interested in doing sth. 對(duì)做某事感興趣對(duì)做某事感興趣 insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事堅(jiān)持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用來(lái)做某事被用來(lái)做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 謝謝某人做某事謝謝某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厭煩做某

14、事厭煩做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事害怕做某事 put off doing 推遲做某事推遲做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放棄做某事放棄做某事without doing sth. 沒(méi)有做某事沒(méi)有做某事think about doing sth. 考慮做某事考慮做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么樣做某事怎么樣?此此to 非彼非彼to look forward to doing sth. （盼望）（盼望） pay attention to doing

15、 sth. （注意）（注意） be used to doing sth. （習(xí)慣于）（習(xí)慣于） prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜歡）（更喜歡） devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于） make a contribution to doing （做貢獻(xiàn)）（做貢獻(xiàn)）特殊詞精講特殊詞精講:to do doing remember forger (do在后在后) 要做要做（do在前）做過(guò)在前）做過(guò)stop go on （兩個(gè)字）兩件事（兩個(gè)字）兩件事 （一個(gè)字）一件事（一個(gè)字）一件事likehatelove一次性一次性 長(zhǎng)期長(zhǎng)期 try 盡力做盡

16、力做 嘗試做嘗試做 startbegin一樣一樣 一樣一樣 stop doing/to dostop to do停下來(lái)去做另一件事，停下來(lái)去做另一件事，stop doing停止正在做的某事。停止正在做的某事。Eg:他們停下來(lái)吸煙。他們停下來(lái)吸煙。 They stop to smoke.我必須戒煙了我必須戒煙了 I must stop smoking.forget to do忘記要去做某事，忘記要去做某事，forget doing忘記做過(guò)某事。忘記做過(guò)某事。Eg：辦公室的燈還在亮著，他忘記關(guān)了。辦公室的燈還在亮著，他忘記關(guān)了。(沒(méi)有做關(guān)沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作燈的動(dòng)作The light in the o

17、ffice is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。（已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作）他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。（已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作） He forgot turning the light off. forget doing/to do remember doing/to doremember to do 記得去做某事記得去做某事remember doing記得做過(guò)某事記得做過(guò)某事記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。Remember to go to the post office after school. 你不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎你不記得以前見(jiàn)

18、過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎?Dont you remember seeing the man before?go on doing/to dogo on to do做了一件事后，接著做另一件事，做了一件事后，接著做另一件事，go on doing繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事。繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事。Eg：做完數(shù)學(xué)后，他接著去做物理。做完數(shù)學(xué)后，他接著去做物理。After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完這個(gè)練習(xí)后，接著做其他的練習(xí)做完這個(gè)練習(xí)后，接著做其他的練習(xí)Go on doing other exercises after you have

19、 finished this one.try doing/ to do sth.try to do sth. 努力努力, 盡力做某事盡力做某事Although maths is difficult, I will try to study it .try doing sth. 試著做某事試著做某事The machine couldnt work. Lets try repairing it.小試牛刀小試牛刀1. Now more and more people are busy_ about the Internet. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. l

20、earned 2.-Its too hot. Would you mind _the door? -_. Please do it. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea 3. No matter how hard it is, well keep _ until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying 4. -Are you enjoying _in Ningbo? -Yes, we are. Ve

21、ry much. A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived 5 We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story A. to laugh B. laughing C. laughs D. laughed 6. He gave us some advice on how _ English. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn7. It s a pay day, and they are waiting _. A. pay B. paying C.

22、 paid D. to be paid8. I dont know whether you happen , but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September . Ato be heard B. to be hearing Cto hear D. to have heard9. I forgot _ my name when I finished _ the composition. A. to sign, to writing B. to sign, writing C. signing, writing10. -You were brave

23、 enough to raised objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 11 . She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 12.Martin looks so well. Weve never seen him _ so well b

24、efore. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 13.My father has decided _ because smoking is bad for his health. A. to stop to smoke B. to stop smoking C. stopping smoking D. stop to smoke 14 It is kind _ me to carry these books. A. of you helping B. for you to help C. of you to help D. for yo

25、u helping15. Would you like _ some bread or biscuits? No thanks. I dont feel like anything now. A. to have, eating B. to have, to eat C. having, to eat D. having, eating 16. Do you remember me, Tom? Ah, yes, I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year. A. see B. sees C. to see D. seeing三、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞

26、做表語(yǔ)三、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ) 1. 表示一定的概念，具有名詞的性質(zhì)時(shí)，不定式和動(dòng)名表示一定的概念，具有名詞的性質(zhì)時(shí)，不定式和動(dòng)名 詞可以互換。詞可以互換。 e.g. My hobby is collecting/ to collect ancient coins. 2. 若表示具體的、個(gè)別的動(dòng)作或有將來(lái)含義時(shí)，一般用若表示具體的、個(gè)別的動(dòng)作或有將來(lái)含義時(shí)，一般用 不定式。不定式。 e.g. My wish is to find a part-time job this summer. 3. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)具有形容詞特征現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)具有形容詞特征,也可

27、以也可以 作為形容詞。但要注意二者的區(qū)別作為形容詞。但要注意二者的區(qū)別 e.g. The party was very exciting. They were very excited at the news1. Her wish is _ an engineer. A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come2.Some peoples greatest pleasure is _. A. fishing B. to fish C. to be fishing D. being fish3. The report was so _ that

28、 they were all _. A. inspiring, exciting B. inspiring, excited C. inspired, excited D. inspired, exciting4. -“You look pale.” -“I feel a little _.” A. tireB. tiredC. tiringD. tiresome 四、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做四、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 1. 不定式做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后，不定式做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后，表示未發(fā)生的表示未發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作。動(dòng)作或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的某一

29、動(dòng)作。 e.g. The train to arrive is from London He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 2. 動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)往往說(shuō)明所修飾詞的某種動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)往往說(shuō)明所修飾詞的某種用途用途，一般，一般 放在被修飾詞的前面。放在被修飾詞的前面。 e.g. a washing machine （動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，（動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，= a machine which is used for washing） 洗衣機(jī)洗衣機(jī) a reading room（動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，（動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，= a room which is

30、used for reading） 閱覽室閱覽室3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去過(guò)去 分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成的意義。分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成的意義。單個(gè)分詞單個(gè)分詞 或形容詞性的分詞作定語(yǔ)往往放在被修飾詞的前或形容詞性的分詞作定語(yǔ)往往放在被修飾詞的前 面；分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)多置于被修飾詞后面。面；分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)多置于被修飾詞后面。 e.g. the rising sun（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，= the sun which is rising）正在升起的太陽(yáng)）正在升起的太陽(yáng) the changing world（現(xiàn)在分

31、詞做定語(yǔ)，（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，= the world which is changing）變化中的世界）變化中的世界 a moving movie 感人的電影感人的電影 excited voice激動(dòng)的聲音激動(dòng)的聲音 （形容詞性分詞作定語(yǔ)）（形容詞性分詞作定語(yǔ)） fallen leaves 落葉落葉 a broken cup 一個(gè)破了的杯子一個(gè)破了的杯子 （過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成）（過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成）1. She said she had a important meeting _. A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. a

32、ttending2. He is always the first _ questions. A. to answer B. answering C. to be answered D. being answered3. The Olympic Games _ in the year 2012 will be a great success. A. being held B. to be held C. held D. to hold4. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in t

33、he 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written5. At present, English is the main subject _ here. A. to be taught B. being taught C. teaching D. to be teaching 6. -Who are those people with the banner? -A group _ itself the League for peace. A. calling B. calls C. cal

34、led D. is called 7. The pen _ belongs to me. A. which it is on the table B. lying on the table C. is on the table D. which on the table 五、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)五、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1. 在在“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，足語(yǔ)，“賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+不定式不定式”構(gòu)成了復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。構(gòu)成了復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。 有些動(dòng)詞要求不定式不帶有些動(dòng)詞要求不定式不帶to，有些要求必須帶，有些要求必須帶to，還

35、，還有的帶與不帶都可以。有的帶與不帶都可以。 以下動(dòng)詞后常跟帶符號(hào)以下動(dòng)詞后常跟帶符號(hào)to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： ask, tell, want, wish, order, persuade, advise, allow, warn, encourage, cause, require等。等。e.g. The doctor advised him to stay in bed for another few days. We wish him to remain and accept the post. 我們希望他留下來(lái)接受這個(gè)職位。我們希望他留下來(lái)接受這個(gè)職位。 接不定

36、式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 請(qǐng)求與命令請(qǐng)求與命令 想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議 答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助請(qǐng)求與命令請(qǐng)求與命令 ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)求某人做某事請(qǐng)求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事期待某人做某事 enc

37、ourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事建議某人做某事 答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助 promise sb. to do 答應(yīng)某人做某事答應(yīng)某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告誡某人做某事告誡某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事 有些感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞，如有些感官動(dòng)詞和使

38、役動(dòng)詞，如see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, let, have, make, keep, get等后常等后常跟不帶符號(hào)跟不帶符號(hào)to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常表動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過(guò)程。常表動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過(guò)程。 e.g. We noticed him enter the house. 我們留意到他進(jìn)了那所房子。我們留意到他進(jìn)了那所房子。 The boss made them work twelve hours a day. 老板讓他們一天干老板讓他們一天干12小時(shí)工作。小時(shí)工作。 省略省略to的情況的

39、情況:v使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后：一感二聽(tīng)三讓四看使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后：一感二聽(tīng)三讓四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let, make, have, / look at, see, watch, feel/ hear, listen to/ let, make, have, / look at, see, watch, noticenoticevhad better （not）do sth. 最好最好(不不)做做vwhy not /why dont you do sth為什么不做為什么不做?v help sb.（to）do sthv Would rather寧愿做寧愿做v wou

40、ld you please情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞+do牛刀小試牛刀小試1. My mother often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B. does C. did D. to do 2. Do you often hear John _in his room ? Listen! Now we can hear him _ in his room . A.sing , to sing B. sing, sing C. sing , singing D. to sing , singing 3. I watched her _ in

41、 the next room last night . A.dancing B. to dance C. dances D. dance4.Lets _swimming after the exam . A.go B. goes C. to go D. went5. Youd better _a bus . A.to catch B. catch C. catches D. catching6. The doctor advised Lao Li _ more rest. A. that he get B. to get C. would get D. get7. Soon they saw

42、the boy _ in the crowd. A. disappear B. to disappear C. disappears D. disappeared8. Birds are seldom heard _ at night. A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. to be singing 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分兩種情況：現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分兩種情況： 形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： e.g. I find the book very interesting. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書(shū)非常有趣。（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書(shū)非常有趣。（賓語(yǔ)

43、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） The boy is found very annoying. 發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)小男孩很令人討厭。（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)小男孩很令人討厭。（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） 動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng) 詞，如詞，如see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, let, have, make, keep, get等后可以跟表示動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的等后可以跟表示動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“正在或持續(xù)做某事正在或持續(xù)做某事”。 e.g. I see him pa

44、ssing by a bank. 我看見(jiàn)他正經(jīng)過(guò)一家銀行。（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）我看見(jiàn)他正經(jīng)過(guò)一家銀行。（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） He was seen working in the garden. 有人看見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）有人看見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）1. He kept me _ for many hours. A. to wait B. having been waited C. waiting D. waited 2. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being

45、smoked 3. Having read the Emperors New Clothes, we all found it _. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. to interest 區(qū)分下列詞組區(qū)分下列詞組:see sb. doing/ do sth.hear sb. doing/ do sth.watch sb. doing/ do sth.notice sb. doing/ do sth.感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel+ do表示動(dòng)作的完整

46、性，表示動(dòng)作的完整性，+doing 表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行性。表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行性。注意：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能省去注意：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能省去to。3. 3. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(done)(done)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，其前的賓語(yǔ)是它的邏態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，其前的賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。輯主語(yǔ)。 若是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，既表示被動(dòng)，也可以表若是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，既表示被動(dòng)，也可以表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成（即先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）。示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成（即先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）。 若是不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，則只表示完成。若是不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，則只表示完成。 句子由主

47、動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)的變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)句子由主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)的變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 The boss found his plan carried out successfully. The boy was found lost in the forest. Have you heard this song sung in Japanese? (賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)) This song is often heard sung everywhere in China. (主補(bǔ)主補(bǔ))1. I need this chapter _ before tomorrow. A. rewriting B

48、. rewritten C. rewrite D. to write again2. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _. A. to steal B. losing C. missed D. stolen 3. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _. A. being heard B. heard C. hearing D. hear 六、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)六、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做狀

49、語(yǔ) 1. 不定式做狀語(yǔ)，主要表示目的、結(jié)果、原因以及評(píng)不定式做狀語(yǔ)，主要表示目的、結(jié)果、原因以及評(píng)論論 性狀語(yǔ)。性狀語(yǔ)。 不定式往往放在系表結(jié)構(gòu)后面，表示產(chǎn)生某種情緒不定式往往放在系表結(jié)構(gòu)后面，表示產(chǎn)生某種情緒或狀態(tài)的原因?；驙顟B(tài)的原因。 e.g. She was surprised to see Jim walk in. 看到吉姆進(jìn)來(lái)，她很驚訝。看到吉姆進(jìn)來(lái)，她很驚訝。 不定式可以單獨(dú)作目的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的性，不定式可以單獨(dú)作目的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的性， 在不定式前可以加上在不定式前可以加上in order, so as。 e.g. To succeed, one must firs

50、t of all believe in himself. In order to keep warm, we shut all the windows. 不定式表結(jié)果，常用在不定式表結(jié)果，常用在too to, enough to結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。 有時(shí)不定式前加上有時(shí)不定式前加上only，表示出人意料的結(jié)果。，表示出人意料的結(jié)果。 e.g. The child is old enough to dress himself. We hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left. The husband left his

51、 wife, never to return. 有些不定式是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的，放有些不定式是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的，放在在 句子之外，修飾整個(gè)句子，我們稱(chēng)之為評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)。句子之外，修飾整個(gè)句子，我們稱(chēng)之為評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)。 e.g. I have never seen such a person, to tell you the truth. To cut a long story short, we disagree. 長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō)，我們不同意。長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō)，我們不同意。六、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)六、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ) 1. I have enjoyed my v

52、isit here. Ill be very sorry _. A. for leaving B. of leaving C. to leave D. left 2. I went to see him _ him out. A. finding B. find C. only to find D. only found 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)可表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、伴隨、方現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)可表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、伴隨、方 式、目的以及作評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)等。式、目的以及作評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)等。 現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，往往表示動(dòng)作與謂現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，往往表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或相繼發(fā)生?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作時(shí)間語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或相繼發(fā)生。現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，往往表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。狀語(yǔ)，往往表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。 e.g. Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy. Having finished his speech, he answered our questions. 作原因狀語(yǔ)：作原因狀語(yǔ)： Living far from the sc