Lesson 12 If書面表達 人教版英語暑假語法專題教案（七升八）

1、英語暑假教案-七升八-第十二講Lesson 12 If書面表達【內容提要】應用小短文寫作【知識要點回碩】1 書信類型描述假期、日?；顒?、理想和計劃介紹喜歡的事物,表明觀點介紹人物和事物的特點介紹情況,提出建議、觀點,發(fā)出邀請、求助、感謝等格式1. 信頭:發(fā)信人的地址和日期這部分中有時可省去發(fā)信人地址,但一般要寫日期,放在信紙的右上方2. 稱呼:對收信人的尊稱最普通的是Dear,但與Mr.,Mrs.,Miss等不同的是Dear后一般用名字,而Mr.,Mrs.,Miss 后不能單獨用名字,而只能是姓或姓與名,比如:對John Smith 的稱呼,應該是Mr.Smith,Mr.John Smith或

2、Dear John,稱呼后面可用逗號或者冒號3. 信的正文4. 結尾:發(fā)信人的謙稱或敬語放在信的右下方寫給同齡人或年長的朋友:Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours,Yours等寫給好朋友:Love,With love,Best wishes等寫給親戚:Love,With love,Affectionately yours,Your(ever)loving son(sister)等常用的結尾語有:Yours sincerely(知道對方姓名時用),Yours truly/Yours faithfully(不知對方姓名時用)等5. 署名一般在結尾語的下面一行邀請信的要點邀

3、請對象;活動時間;活動地點;活動內容;詢問是否接受邀請常用詞匯和句型開頭部分表示高興:I was so glad/pleased/happy to receive your letter.表示感謝:Thank you for your wonderful gift/your interesting letter.表示關心與詢問:How are you these days?/How are you getting on these days?表示抱歉:I am sorry that I did not write to you sooner but I have been very busy

4、these days. 一般在表示道歉沒有及時給對方寫信時,還要簡述原因或寫上安慰的話表示遺憾:I was sorry to learn that you did not do well in the entrance examination. I do hope you are getting better.主體部分這部分內容是最自由的,與漢語書信沒有什么區(qū)別。私人信件一般文體很隨便,可以寫任何你想寫的內容結尾部分常用的話語有:I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.I am afraid I have to stop now but I

5、will write again.Take good care of yourself and keep in touch.2發(fā)言稿/演講稿/規(guī)則類型描述假期,日常活動,理想和計劃介紹喜歡的節(jié)目和事物,表明觀點介紹人物和事物的特點寫作技法包括 topical order(話題順序);chronological order(時間順序);spatial order(空間順序);problem-solution order(問題解決順序)等。 可以根據不同的發(fā)言和演講內容來安排稿件的邏輯順序和結構常用詞匯表順序:first,second,third.the last等表遞進:and,then,aft

6、er that,besides等表讓步:though,even though,even if,no matter how,but等表原因:because,because of,as等表歸納:in a word,in all,in general,in summary,in short等表舉例:for example,such as,and so on等表解釋:in other words,that is to say,in fact等3便條類型留言條、請假條等格式一般由稱呼、正文、署名、日期等組成日期要寫在右上角,便條的日期要寫出月、日稱呼稱呼應寫在第二行,要左起頂格寫。便條的稱呼較為隨便,如

7、:Dear Tom等正文正文應另起一行寫,用詞要簡明扼要署名署名要寫在右下角,一般只寫留條人的姓名【書面表達】一、題型特點: 書面表達是對學生的語言組織能力、行文表達能力、基礎知識、語法、詞匯等綜合駕馭能力的考查。作文題目由限制性題目到半開放性題目, 提示性詞語越來越少, 而給同學們的空間越來越大: 二、考查形式(體裁) : 中考英語考查形式多樣: 看圖(表) 寫作、書信、通知、日記、記人物等。體裁包括: 議論文、記敘文、說明文；三、中考評分標準: 作文一律按檔給分, 與錯誤個數無直接關系。影響作文分數的因素: 1 題目要求、內容要點；2 句子準確、通順；3 層次結構清晰；4 拼寫、語法等錯誤

8、；5 卷面整潔度；四、做題步驟: 1 審題: 審清作文體裁(類型) 時態(tài)、人稱等細節(jié)；2 列提綱(文章結構框架) : 分幾段, 以及每段大體內容；3 寫作: 在提綱的基礎上補充要點；4 復查: 2遍1遍看查拼寫、語法、標點等問題；2遍不出聲讀查, 靠語感檢查語句是否通順、連貫等；5 謄抄: 不允許做任何的更改。*總之做到三審: 體裁、時態(tài)、人稱；三思: 詞匯>短語>句式；三查: 要點、拼寫和語法、連貫。五、作文一般框架: 文章分3段: (1) 綜述: 概括性強, 最多2句話引入主題；(2) 正文主要內容: 層次性強, 一定要有過渡型連接詞。最多展開3個方面, 每個方面最多2句話；(

9、3) 結尾: 緊扣主題, 2句話內結束, 盡量升華。六、作文萬能句式1. It takes sb. +時間+to do2. Sb. spend(某種人稱時態(tài)) +時間/錢+on sth./ (in) doing sth.3. It's important/necessary/useful/useless/common(for sb.) to do4. It's nice/kind of sb. to do.5. It's time for sb. to do sth.6. It's a waste of time to do7. It seems/seemed

10、that8. too + adj./adv. to do9. so+ adj./adv.+ that10. I am sure that【考點突破】例1 托尼明天和父母去度假,他給朋友李雷留言。 請求李雷幫助照顧一下他的家。 內容包括: 打掃房間,照看寵物,澆花等等。開頭結尾已給出,不計人總詞數。May 18Dear Li Lei,My parents and I are going on vacation tomorrow.I need your help.Could you please help me look after my house? Please clean the house

11、 and water the flowers. Oh, I have a dog. Will you please feed my dog? And don't forget to give it some water and take it for a walk.Thanks.Tony講解 本題考查應用文中留言條的寫作。寫留言條時,可直接說明請求做的事,應包括所給要點,但不需要逐字翻譯?？筛鶕崾緦懗鲫P鍵詞組,如:clean the house,water the flowers等,再運用Couldyouplease.?等句型組織語言。 請求要委婉,表達要流暢。例2初級寫作假設你是李

12、明,你的美國筆友邁克想了解你的周末活動情況。 請根據下面的提示,給他回復郵件。提示: 周六上午8:30在學校集合,老師帶領我們乘坐公共汽車去塘沽游玩;我們在沙灘上玩,在海里游泳;還在海洋公園(the Sea Park)看了動物表演;在塘沽待了兩天,過得很愉快。Dear Mike,How are you recently? Last Saturday,our teacher took us to Tanggu for a trip by bus.We met at eight thirty on the morning in our school and got there at about t

13、en. We played on the beach and swam in the sea. We saw some beautiful fishes and some wonderful animal shows in the Sea Park.I also bought some gifts with my pocket money for my parents.We stayed in Tanggu for two days and we had a great time there.What about your weekend?Yours,Li Ming講解 本題考查書信寫作。根據

14、提示,書信的主題是描述周末活動。 給出的材料比較全面,首先是用正確的英語句子把這些內容表達出來,如:Last Saturday, our teacher took us to Tanggu for a trip by bus.在此基礎上可適當發(fā)揮,注意不要遺漏材料中給出的要點。時態(tài)用一般過去時態(tài),人稱以第一人稱為主。 寫作中語言要準確、簡明,說明有條理,符合邏輯?！局R點撥】寫作中要巧用過渡詞過渡詞作為一種表示句子之間各種邏輯意義的銜接手段,對寫作起著舉足輕重的作用。作文常用的過渡詞語包括:1. 文章及段落起始常用的過渡詞語:to begin with(首先);first of all(第一,

15、首先)等。2. 文章及段落結尾常用的過渡詞語:in a word(總之)等。3. 表示因果關系的常用過渡詞語:because of(因為);as(因為);so(所以)等。4. 表示比較和對比的常用過渡詞語: different from(與不同)等。5. 表示舉例的常用過渡詞語:for example(舉例)等。6. 表示強調的常用過渡詞語:in fact(實際上);also(而且,也)等。例3 書面表達某校開展“我是課堂小主人”建議征集活動,各班就此展開討論,同學們紛紛發(fā)言:“我希望能有足夠的自主學習時間.” “我喜歡的課堂是每人都有一臺筆記本電腦,方便上網查詢.” “課上我們能自由地討論,

16、充分展示我們的學習成果.”等等。請你結合同學們討論的結果,以電子郵件的形式給校長寫一封信,建議什么樣的課堂形式更為同學們喜愛,也更有利于同學們未來的發(fā)展。內容須包含以下要點:What is your favourite class like?Please tell us an unforgettable experience you've had in your class.Please give at least two suggestions.要求: 1. 80詞左右,提示詞僅供參考。2. 郵件的格式已給出,開頭、結尾不計人總詞數。3. 文中不得出現真實的人名、校名。4. 請將答案

17、寫在答題卡相應的位置上。Dear Mr. Li,My favourite class is an open and free class where I can learn by myself and discuss in groups, which is good for my development, I think.I still remember an unforgettable experience in my math class.Several days ago I spent a long time working on three math problems in class

18、, but they were too hard for me to work them out. So I had to ask my classmates for help. After a considerable discussion, we solved the problems in our group. How excited I was!Having such a great experience,I want to give two suggestions. First, please don't teach us too much in class. We need

19、 about 30 minutes to learn by ourselves and work in groups every class. Second, please provide us with some laptops if possible, so we can surf the Internet easily. No doubt, we need an open and free class, you see.That's all.Thank you.Best wishes,Zhang Hua 講解 本題考查建議類書信的寫作。根據提示,書信的主題是介紹本校學生喜歡的課堂

20、學習形式并表明個人觀點。結合所給材料,逐一寫出題干中三個要點的短語或句子,如:My favourite class is an open and free class. 再組織語言構成段落。 寫作中注意敘述順序,寫作內容要符合邏輯關系,可適當使用連詞和轉折詞。例4 假設你是李杰,正通過E-mail和美國友好姐妹學校的朋友湯姆交流校紀班規(guī),請你用英語向他介紹下面的“班級公約”。班級公約: 1. 準時到校穿校服,見到老師問聲好。2. 上課專心勤思考,作業(yè)認真按時交。3. 教室保潔常打掃,離班熄燈關門窗。4. 和諧相處應友愛,互相幫助共進步。要求: 1. 內容完整,意思清楚,表達通順,書寫規(guī)范。2.

21、 請勿逐字翻譯,90詞左右,不包含已給出句子的詞數。參考詞匯: school uniform; be active in thinkingDear Tom,I'd like to introduce my class rules made by us all. First, we should come to school on time in school uniform. It's polite to greet our teachers when we meet them. Second, we must listen carefully in class and be

22、active in thinking. Also, we should do our homework carefully and hand it in on time. Third, we need to clean the classroom and always keep it clean. And we should turn off lights and close windows and doors before we leave. Fourth, being friendly is important. We will get along well and help each o

23、ther to make progress together.It's our duty to follow all the rules above. What about yours? Please write soon.Yours,Li Jie【試題研究】一、選擇題(C) 31. - Do you have fish today?- Sorry, we fish today. You can try our chicken.A. don't eat B. cut up C. are short of(B) 32. This morning, we went shopping

24、 and bought lots of things clothes, books and fruit.A. withB. likeC. from(C) 33. - you often go to the beach?- No, but I last Sunday.A. Do; goB. Did; wentC. Do; did(B) 34. Oh, Mary, you walk too and I can't follow you. Please stop and wait for me.A. quietlyB. fastC. slowly(A) 35. - Can I take a

25、for Simon?- Yes. Please ask him to wait for me at the bus stop after school.A. messageB. showerC. walk(A) 36. - Why don't you tell your parents about your problem?- Well, I don't want them to about me.A. worryB. knowC. talk(C) 37. - Would you like tea juice?- I don't like tea juice. I

26、9;d like some coffee.A. or; andB. and; orC. or; or(A) 38. Please take a map with you when you go out, or you'll .A. get lostB. get dressedC. get tired(C) 39. Let's a bus because I don't have any money a taxi.A. take; withB. ride; forC. take; for(B) 40. - Did you have a nice weekend?- . I

27、 went to the park and had a great time there.A. Not too bad B. Yes, I didC. No, I didn't二、完形填空Are you a good English learner? Do you like learning English? Are you good at English? Would you like 1 well in English? Well, let me tell you a good 2 to learn English well. It is 3 writing diaries in

28、English. When I was in Grade Seven, 4 English was not very good. My English teacher, Mr. Xu, asked me to write diaries in English. It was 5 difficult for me at first. But now, I think it is very 6 . I like reading, listening 7 speaking it. After school, I often go to the Xinhua Book Store to read En

29、glish stories for about three 8 every day.I have no time to 9 TV. Because I spend my free time reading and writing. I'm very good at English now. I think writing diaries 10 one of the best ways to help you with your English study. Why don't you have a try?(C) 1. A. didB. doC. to do(A) 2. A.

30、wayB. roadC. street(C) 3. A. inB. atC. by(B) 4. A. meB. myC. I(B) 5. A. lots ofB. a littleC. a few(C) 6. A. difficultB. boringC. easy(A) 7. A. andB. butC. so(B) 8. A. daysB. hoursC. months(C) 9. A. lookB. seeC. watch(A) 10. A. isB. areC. was三、 閱讀下面短文,根據短文內容判斷句子正誤。正確的填“A”,錯誤的填“B”。 English breakfast i

31、s a big meal, and it includes(包括) eggs, tomatoes, tea and coffee.For many people, lunch is a quick meal. In cities, there are a lot of sandwich bars. There office workers can buy their favorite bread-brown, white, or a roll and even all kinds of salad, meat and fish. School children can have a hot m

32、eal at school. But many just take a sandwich, a soft drink and some fruit from home."Tea" means two things. It is a drink and also a meal! Some people have afternoon tea with sandwiches, cakes and a cup of tea.They usually have the evening meal quite late, between 6:00 pm and 8:00 pm, and

33、often all the family eat together.On Sundays, many families have a traditional(傳統(tǒng)的) lunch. They have chicken, pork with potatoes, vegetables.Englishmen like food from other countries, especially(尤其) from France, China, Italy and India. People often get take-away food. They buy the food outside and t

34、hen bring it home to eat.(A) 61. In England, many people have a quick lunch.(B) 62. Office workers often eat eggs and coffee for lunch.(B) 63. Tea only means drink for British people.(A) 64. Englishmen like French and Chinese food very much.(A) 65. People in England often have a evening meal with th

35、eir family.四、 閱讀下面兩篇短文,根據短文內容選擇正確答案。 AOne day, Mr. Smith went to a dinner party. He was wearing very old clothes. He came into the room, but no people look at him. They didn't ask him to sit at the table. He wasn't happy, but he said nothing.Mr. Smith went home quickly and put on his best cl

36、othes. He went back to the party. Everyone in the room stood up and looked at him. They gave him good food to eat.Mr. Smith took off his coat, and put it on the food and said, "Eat, coat!" The other people were surprised and asked, "What are you doing? Why do you do that?"Mr. Smi

37、th answered, "I am asking my coat to eat food. When I wore old clothes, you didn't look at me. You didn't ask me to sit down. Now I am wearing these nice clothes. And you give me good food. Now I see, you give the food to my coat, not to me."(B) 66. One day, Mr. Smith went to .A. a birthd