定語從句課件5

1、定語從句定語從句定義：定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的在復(fù)合句中，修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。從句叫定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞先行詞 + + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + + 句子句子關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞The Attributive Clause (The Attributive Clause (定語從句）定語從句）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: that,which, who,whom,whose關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why指物：指物：that which指人：指人：who (主主/賓格賓格) that whom(賓格賓格) 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫在復(fù)合句

2、中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。做定語從句。The man who lives next to us is a policeman.The noodles that I cooked were delicious.Who is the man that is reading the book over there?The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well.先行詞先行詞_ _ 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞_ 定語從句定語從句Is this book that your father bought for you? Is this book

3、the one that your father bought for you? Is this the book that your father bought for you? 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which never come true.The dog has been fo

4、und.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)/ that（作主語）（作主語）which / that 作賓語作賓語 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which /

5、that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake which /that I always make.2. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.3. I lost the pen which my father bought me.( ) （作賓語）（作賓語）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, that引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)whom (作作賓語賓

6、語)who / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語作主語)1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my c

7、ousin./ thatwho / whom / that 作賓語：作賓語：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作賓語）作賓語）1.The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend.2. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last

8、 night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.小結(jié)：小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。 which指物，作主語，不能省略；作指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略賓語，可以省略. who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),定語定語從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定

9、。從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。 The girl in a hat is Lucy.= The girl who / that is in a hat is Lucy. The cup filled with water was put on the table.= The cup that / which was filled with water was put on the table.介詞短語作后置定語與定語從句的互換：介詞短語作后置定語與定語從句的互換：_She is one of those women who have cars.定語從句的同意句轉(zhuǎn)換定語從句的同意句轉(zhuǎn)換:1.

10、The teacher who wears a pair of glasses is Miss Wang. = The teacher wearing a pair of glasses is Miss Wang.2. The machine that is made in China is dear. = The machine made in China is dear.3. The novel that is written by him sells well. = The novel written by him sells well.4. The dinosaurs (which)

11、were discovered by them are on show. = The dinosaurs discovered by them are.有時(shí)只能用有時(shí)只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常見的情況有六種：常見的情況有六種：1.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時(shí)?；虮凰鼈冃揎棔r(shí)。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I ca

12、n do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修等修飾時(shí)。飾時(shí)。Thats the only thing that I can d

13、o now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以當(dāng)主句以 who 或或 which開頭時(shí)，定語從句的開頭時(shí)，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.

14、6. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)。China is not the country that it was.只用只用 which ,不用不用that 的情況：的情況：1. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。 This is the cage that / which Polly lives in. = This is the cage in which Polly lives .in that ( )= This is the cage where Polly lives.2. 先行詞本身為先行詞本身為 that. The clock is that whic

15、h tells the time.3. 在非限制性定語從句中。在非限制性定語從句中。 His English , which used to be poor , is exellent now. Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom/who在介詞后面，指事物用在介詞后面，指事物用which，指

16、人用，指人用whom。不用不用that，而用，而用which，who，whom的情況的情況He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwh

17、ichwhowhom在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom。whose 作定語作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。1. The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a detective.The boy whose father is a detective is my classmate.whose = of whom= The boy the father of whom is a detective is my classmate.= The boy of whom the fat

18、her is a detective is my classmate. There are 20 students in this class, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose when 作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=

19、on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點(diǎn)狀語作地點(diǎn)狀語I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which

20、) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy 作原因狀語作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercises:1. The radio set _ has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. I bought last week C. which I bought it last week D. what I bought last week2. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which