初一上英語語法知識及習(xí)題 (學(xué)生版)

1、七年級上冊英語語法知識及習(xí)題 定冠詞的用法1) 用于指談話雙方都知道的人或事物 Open the door, please. 請把門打開。2) 用以復(fù)述上文提過的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”） I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支鉛筆，這支鉛筆是綠色的。 3) 用在序數(shù)詞前 January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年當(dāng)中的第一個月。 4) 表示世界上宇宙中獨一無二的事物 the sun 太陽 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空

2、 the world 世界5) 表示演奏樂器時，樂器的前面要加the play the piano 彈鋼琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 零冠詞的用法 1) 專有名詞前一般不加冠詞 Tom 湯姆 China 中國 Europe 歐洲 2) 月份、周日、節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞 January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié) Thanksgiving 感恩節(jié)National Day 國慶節(jié) May Day 勞動節(jié) 比較： .on a Sunday morning. 在一個星期天的早晨. （表示某一個。） 3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠詞 I have lunc

3、h at school. 我在學(xué)校吃午餐。 4）球類運動不加冠詞play basketball 打籃球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球 時態(tài)概說 在英語中，不同時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，要用不同的動詞形式來表示，這種動詞的不同形式稱為時態(tài)。 I am 14 this year. 今年我14 歲。 I was 13 last year.去年我13 歲。 He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。 He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。 英語中共有16 種時態(tài)，常用的有9種。一般現(xiàn)在時 一般現(xiàn)在

4、時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，如：He is 12. She is at home. 表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作， 如：I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主語具備的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English.動詞的種類動詞分為四種：連系動詞, 實義動詞, 助動詞, 情態(tài)動詞1）連系動詞：詞義不完全，要和后面的表語一塊構(gòu)成謂語。如 be (am, is are)是，sound聽起來，look看起來 She is my sister.That sounds interesting .聽起來很有趣。2）實義動詞，有實際意義的動詞，

5、能單獨做謂語。如 see, ask, like I like bananas.3）助動詞：本身沒有詞義，幫助實義動詞一起構(gòu)成否定句，疑問句。如 do，doesI dont like chicken .Does he like apples ?4）情態(tài)動詞；本身具有一定意義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須和實義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。can,能，會，must ,必須，情態(tài)動詞后一定要用動詞原形。I can speak English .I must find it . 我一定要找到它動詞be的用法be 的用法口訣我用am，你用are，is連著他，她，它；單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變疑問，往前提，句末

6、問號莫丟棄。變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。Be動詞專項練習(xí) 用am, is, are 填空：1. I _ a student. _ you a student? No, I _ not.  2. The girl_ Jack's sister.   3. The dog _ tall and&

7、#160;fat.   4. The man  _ a teacher.   5. _ your brother in the classroom?   6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.   7. How _ your father? 

8、  8. Jane and Tom _ my friends   9.  Where _ my pen ? 10.  Where _ my books ? 11. That _ my red skirt.   12. Who _ I?   13. The jeans _ on the desk.   14. Here 

9、_ a photo of my family .   15. Here _ some sweaters for you.   16. The black book _ for Su Yang.   17. This pair of socks_ 20 dollars.  18. The two

10、60;cups of milk _ for me.   19. Some tea _ in the glass.   20. How much _ the skirt? 21  How much _ the trousers ? 22.   My sister's name _Nancy. 23. _ David and

11、 Helen from England?   24. There _ a girl in the room.   25. You, he and I _ from China. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法一.肯定句變否定句1.句子中有be，在be后加not。) I am a student. I am not a student.2) They are blue . They arent blue.

12、3) He is Tom. He isnt Tom 2.謂語是動詞原形，在動詞前加dont。) I have a book . I dont have a book.2) They like Chinese . They dont like Chinese.3) We come from China. We dont come from China.3謂語動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)，在動詞前加doesnt，動詞用原形。1)She has a basketball. She doesnt have a basketball2)Maria likes China. Maria doesnt like Ch

13、ina.3)Jane comes from the U.S.A. Jane doesnt come from the U.S.A.練習(xí)：將下列句子變成否定句。1. I am a teacher. I _ a teacher.2. We are students. We _ students.3. Jane is a girl. Jane _ a girl.4. They like English. They _ like Chinese5. I come from China. I _ come from China.6. He likes Chinese. He_ like Chinese.

14、7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria_ come from Cuba.8. We know Maria. We _ know Maria二.肯定句變一般疑問句句子中有be，把be提到句首1) I am a student. Are you a student?2) They are blue. Are they blue?3) He is Tom. Is he Tom?2.謂語是動詞原形，在句首加do。1).I have a book . Do you have a book?2) They like Chinese . Do they like Chinese?3)

15、 We come from China. Do you come from China? 3.謂語動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)，在句首加Does，動詞用原形。1) She has a basketball . Does she have a basketball?2) Maria likes China. Does Maria like China?3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. Does Jane come from the U.S.A?4) She knows Maria. Does she know Maria?練習(xí):將下列句子變成一般疑問句。1. I am a tea

16、cher. _ _ a teacher?2. They are students. _ _ students?3. Jane is a girl. _ _ a girl?4. They like English. _ they like English?5. I come from China. _ you come from China?6. He likes Chinese. _ he_ Chinese?7. Maria comes from America. _ Maria _ from America?8. We speak Chinese. _ you_ Chinese?三.一般疑問

17、句做肯定,否定回答1.Are you Maria ? 肯定回答：Yes , I am.否定回答：No, Im not.2.問句和答語的動詞保持一致.1) Are you a student? 肯: Yes, I am. 否： No, Im not.2) Is he Jack ? 肯：_. 否：_.3) Do they like Chinese? 肯：_. 否：_.4) Does she have a basketball ? 肯：_. 否：_.3.問句和答語中的主語保持一致。（必須用主格）1) Is Jane from the U.S.A?肯:Yes, she is. 否:No，she isn

18、t. 2) Does Li Hua come from China?肯：_. 否：_. 3) Do Jane and Maria like China?肯：_. 否：_. 4) Is this a ruler?肯：_. 否：_.5) Is that a desk? 肯：_. 否：_.6) Are these books?肯：_. 否：_.7) Are those pencils?肯：_. 否：_.8) Are these erasers?肯：_. 否：_.9) Is that an orange?肯：_. 否：_.練習(xí)：給下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Are you a student?

19、Yes, _ _ . No, _ _ .2. Do they like English? Yes, _ _ . No, _ _ .3. Is Jane a girl? Yes,_ _. No, _ _ . .4. Does Maria like China? Yes, _ _ . No, _ _.5. Is Jenny a student? Yes , _ _ No , _ _ .6. Is that a girl? Yes , _ _No , _ _.7. Are those telephones? Yes , _ _ No , _ _ .8. Does Tom know Jane? Yes

20、 , _ _ No , _ _.9. Do they come from the U.S.A? Yes , _ _ No , _ _.10. Is this an egg? Yes , _ _ No , _ _ 四.對劃線部分提問. 口訣：一選二變?nèi)龁柼? 一選是分析句意，先選疑問詞，代替劃線部分（劃線部分去掉），二變是把剩余部分變成一般疑問句（疑問詞作主語時除外），第三步加上問號。練習(xí) ：對劃線部分提問1. The shoes are black _2. She is my teacher. _3 My keys are on the sofa. _4. Lily is in the cla

21、ssroom. _5. I am fine. _6. That boy is Tom. _10. Her telephone number is 88828539. _11. The skirt is 12 dollars _12. She is 12 years old. _13. His name is Jim Green ._14. My birthday is on December,24_1.My name is Nancy. _ _ your name?2.I am from China. _ _ you from?3.I am fine . _ are you?4. Miss.W

22、ang is our English teacher. _ is your English teacher?5.Lucy is ten years old. _ _ are you?6. It is yellow . _ _ is it？7.My telephone number is 5805000. _ _ your telephone number?8.They are cars . _ are they?9.This is my cap. _ cap is this?10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. _ is your favorite m

23、ovie star ? 五.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換.1.Please give Jane the book. Please _ the book _ Jane.2. This is my book. This book is _3. He has short hair. _ _ is short.4. My ruler is not long. My ruler is_5. This jacket is not new. This jacket is _ 6.My English teacher is old . My English teacher is not _.六.單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換.1.將下列句子變成復(fù)

24、數(shù). It is a box . _ _ _ _ . This is a ruler. _ _ _ _. That is an eraser. _ _ _ _. He is a student. _ _ _ _. .2.將下列句子變成單數(shù)。1.They are pencils. _ _ _ _ .2.These are erasers. _ _ _ _ .3.They are boys. _ _ _ _ .4. They are girls . _ _ _ _ .5.Those are books. _ _ _ _ .6.These are desks. _ _ _ _ .7.These ar

25、e boxes. _ _ _ _ .8.Those are cars. _ _ _ _ .六. 仿照例句改寫下列句子。She is in the classroom .否定句： She is not in the classroom.一般疑問句： Is she in the classroom?回答：Yes, she is. (No, she isnt)1. I am a student .否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. This is my book.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They are on the desk.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_

26、4. The pen is red.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_八改寫句子1. Those are my books. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_變單數(shù)：_劃線部分提問：_2. She is my good friend.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_變復(fù)數(shù)：_劃線部分提問：_3. The pen is in the desk.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_變復(fù)數(shù)：_劃線部分提問：_動詞have , has 的用法 用法一. have強調(diào)所屬關(guān)系，主語常為人或物。意為“有”當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，并且只有當(dāng)句子為肯定句時，動詞“有”用has，當(dāng)主語不

27、是第三人稱單數(shù)時，以及否定句和疑問句中用一律用have一用have或has填空：1. She_ some balls. 2. They_ a nice garden. 3. Miss Li doesnt_ an English book.4. What does Mike_? 5. My father_ a story-book。6. My parents dont_ any nice pictures. 7. Davids friends_ a basketball.8. David_ some jackets.二仿照例句句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.We have a baseball.變一般疑問句 Do

28、 you have a baseball ?肯定回答 Yes ,I do .否定回答 No , I dont .否定句 We dont have a baseball .對劃線部分提問 What do you have ? 2.David has a ruler .變一般疑問句 Does David have a ruler ?(注意has變成 have)肯定回答 Yes , he does .否定回答 No , he doesnt否定句 David doesnt have a ruler . (注意has變成 have)對劃線部分提問 What does David have? (注意has

29、變成 have)練習(xí)：1.Eric has some nice photos.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_2.Her friends have many books.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_3.Our school has a library.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_4.Lucy has an orange skirt.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_用法二. Have和has除了意思為“有”外，還可以表示“吃或喝”1.吃早飯 _ 2.吃午飯 _

30、3.吃晚飯_用法三Have也可以和表示某種活動的名詞連用，意為“舉行”7.上課 _ 8.舉行生日聚會_句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I have some fish for lunch every day.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_2.Lily has apples for dinner.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_(三) 動詞like 的用法仿照例句句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.They like ice cream.變一般疑問句 Do they like ice cream?肯定回答 Yes , they I do .否定回答 No , they

31、dont .否定句 they dont like ice cream .對劃線部分提問 What do they like ? 2.She likes vegetables. 變一般疑問句Does she like vegetables? (注意likes變成like)肯定回答 Yes , she does .否定回答 No , she doesnt .否定句 She doesnt like vegetables (注意likes變成like)對劃線部分提問 What does she like ? 練習(xí)：1. I like strawberries .變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否

32、定句 _對劃線部分提問_2 .you like salad.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_3. Lily likes apples .變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_4. His father likes pears.變一般疑問句_肯定回答 _否定回答 _否定句 _對劃線部分提問_句型轉(zhuǎn)換專項訓(xùn)練1. Her phone number is 2345167.(提問) _ _ phone number?2. I am Jim Green.(同義句) _ _ _ Jim Green.3. This is an ID card. (提

33、問) _ _ in English?4. This is Jims card. (同義句) _ _ is Jims.5. Her family name is Green. (同義句) Her _ _ is Green.6. They are Lucy and Lily. (同義句) _ _ _ Lucy and Lily.7. My last name is Green and first name is Jim. (同義句) _.8. Hes in Class One. (提問) _ _ _ he in?9. This is a nice flower. (同義句) _ _ _ nice

34、.10. Thats my pencil case.(變否定句) _ _ my pencil case.11. Is this your dictionary? (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ _ your _?12. Are you a teacher? (做肯定回答) _ , _ _.13. Five and two is seven. (提問) _ _ five and two ?14. The pencil is blue. (提問) _ _ _ the pencil ?15. Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend , too. (同義句) Lucy and

35、 Lily _ _ _.16. This is a girl. (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ _ _ girls.17. These are my friends. (變否定句) _ _ my friends.18. Mrs Green is Kates mother. (同義句) Kate is  _ _ _ .19. Those are Toms photos. (變單數(shù)句) _ _ Toms photo.20. Thank you for your photos. (同義句) _ _ your photos.21. Those are Kates pens. (同義句) _ _ _ Kat

36、es .22. Shes my aunts daughter. (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ my aunts _ .23. That womans Jims aunt. (提問) _ _ that woman ?24. a , is , family , this , of , photo , Davids(連詞成句)_25. My books are in the bag. (變一般疑問句) _ _books in the bag ?26. His baseball is under the chair. (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ _ _ under the chair .27. Your keys are

37、next to the door. (變單數(shù)句)Your_ _ next to the door.28. The sweater is on the bed. (變一般疑問句) _ _ _ on the bed ?29. I need a hat. (變否定句)  I _ _ a hat.30. There are some apples on the tree. (變一般疑問句) _ _ _ apples on the tree ?31. I know your pen is black. (變否定句)  I _ _ your pen_ black .32. Are th

38、ose bananas green?(做肯定回答) _ , _ _.33. Some apples are on the bed. (提問) _ _ on the bed ?34. We can see a bird in the tree. (變一般疑問句) _ _ _ a bird in the tree ?35. We have seven classes every day. (變否定句)  We _ _ seven classes every day .36. He has two basketballs. (變一般疑問句) _ _ _ two basketballs ?3

39、7. She has a brother. (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ _ a brother .38. Is there a map of China in your class? (同義句)  _your class _ a map of China ?39. He has a computer game. (變否定句)  He _ _ a computer game .40. Mary does homework at home. (變一般疑問句)  _ Mary _ homework at home? 41. Sue has a sports collection.

40、 (變一般疑問句) _ Sue _ a sports collection ?42. I have seven balls. (變否定句) I  _ _ seven ball.43. Jim likes sports. (提問) _ _ Jim _ ?44. Lucy plays the guitar every day. (提問) _ _ Lucy play the guitar ?45. This game is relaxing. (同義句)  _ is _ _ game . 46. Terry has eight balls. (提問) _ _ balls 

41、; _ Terry have ?47. She has two eggs for breakfast. (提問) _ _ she _ for breakfast ?48. This is a strawberry . (變復(fù)數(shù)句) _ _ _ _. 49. Mother has French fries and ice cream. (變否定句) Mother _ _ French fries and ice cream .50. They dont like hamburgers. (變一般疑問句) _ they _ hamburgers ?51. Sandra Clark is a famous running star. (提問) _ _ Sandra Clark ?52. The girl likes hamburgers. (提問) _ _ hamburgers ?53. Does he like ice cream?