高中英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)

1、WORD格式虛擬語(yǔ)氣：虛擬證據(jù)表示說(shuō)的話(huà)不是事實(shí)，或者不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或者與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等，一般常用于正式的書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if 條件從句中的用法：1、 a. If I were you, I would apply for the job.b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反， If 條件從句謂語(yǔ)：過(guò)去式be 用 were主句謂語(yǔ)： should / would / could / might+動(dòng)詞原形2、 a. If you had been more careful,

2、 You could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the housewouldn thave caught fire. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反， If 條件從句謂語(yǔ)： had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞主句謂語(yǔ)： should / would / could / might + have done3、 a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.b. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.c. If

3、it rained tomorrow, we would not go camping.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反： If 條件從句謂語(yǔ)：過(guò)去式/ should + v 原形 / were + to do主句謂語(yǔ)： should / would / could / might + do二、混合虛擬條件句：不同時(shí)間的虛擬，各遵守各的規(guī)那么，如：a. If you had followed the doctorsadvice, you would be quite all right now.從句表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had + done，主句表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反would + vb. If I were you,

4、 I would have taken his advice.從句表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過(guò)去式，主句表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反would have done三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的適用：a. They demanded that the black people (should) be treated as well as white people. b. He suggested that we (should) start off at once.建議His smile suggested that he was satisfied with our work.暗示，說(shuō)明c. I insisted

5、that you (should) give me my money back.堅(jiān)決持，要求Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.堅(jiān)持說(shuō) /堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：一堅(jiān)持 insist，二命令 order, command，三建議advise, suggest, recommend, propose，四要求 require, request, demand, desired. I wish I were a bird.I do wish you would come earlier next time.專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WORD格式I wish

6、I had done better in my work.四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的適用：1. It was / is important / vital / necessary / appropriate / proper / right that, eg: It is important that we (should) think before we decide.2. It is important that we (should) think before we decide.據(jù)建議 /要求 /命令 ,eg: It is suggested that parents (should)

7、 spend more time with their children alone.五、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中的適用與表示決定、主X、要求、建議、命令的名詞。如：suggestion,proposal, advice, order, demand, requirement等構(gòu)成的表語(yǔ)從句常用should + do 構(gòu)造eg：Our suggestion is that the meeting (should) be put off.六、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在同位語(yǔ)從句中的適用與表示決定、主X、要求、建議、命令的名詞。如：suggestion, proposal, advice, order, demand

8、, requirement 等構(gòu)成的同位語(yǔ)從句中常用should + do 構(gòu)造eg: Doctors give us some advice that we (should) pay more attention to our health.七、含蓄條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：由 but for要不是，Without要是沒(méi)有，otherwise要不然,but等引導(dǎo)如： but for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier.Without your help, I wouldn thave passed the driving test.I was t

9、oo busy at that time. Otherwise I would have called you.I would have come to see you, but I was too busy.注意：句子或主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式視具體情況而定。這是考察考生應(yīng)變能力的最正確試題。八、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法1、 Its (high) time that 從句 : (從句用過(guò)去式或者should + 動(dòng)詞原形eg： Its high time that you went to school.2、 If only要是 , 就好了 , 用一般過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反，用過(guò)去完成的表示與

10、過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。eg： If only I were a film star.If only I had known his phone unmber.3、 as if 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：eg: He treats me as if I were his own son.專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WORD格式She speaks English so fluently as if she had learned English in America for years.He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.4、 would rath

11、er + that 從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣eg: I would rather that you paid me now.I would rather that you hadntdone it before.5、虛擬語(yǔ)氣也常用于“if it were / had been not for, 句型中，意為“要不是 , eg: If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today.If it had not been for your advice, I would not have accepted the job.6

12、、省略 if 的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：從句中有were, had, should 等詞語(yǔ)，省略 if ，將 were, had, should提到句首，如：a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.b. If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.Were it to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.c. If I had had t

13、he money last year, I would have bought the house.Had I had the money last year, I would have bought the house.1. If weadequate preparations, the conference wouldnthave been so successful.A. haventmadeB. wouldntmakeC. didntmakeD. hadntmade2.Jack is a great talker. Its high time that hesomething inst

14、ead of just taking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did3.Donthandle the vase as if itmade of steel.A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had been4. Sorry, I am too busy now. If Itime, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had5.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise wem

15、ore places of interestyesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited6.Grace doesntwant to move to New York because she thinks if shethere, shewouldntbe able to see her parents very often.專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理WORD格式A. livesB. would liveC. has livedD. were to live7. Wethe difficulty together,

16、but why didn tyou tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have faced D. must have faced8. If my carmore reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying lastsummer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be9. Had they known what was coming next, theysecond thoughts.A. may haveB. could have

17、C. must have hadD. might have had10. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish theyalways late.A. werentB. hadntbeenC. wouldntbeD. wouldn thave been11. Ithrough that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldnthave goneB. didntgoC. wouldntgoD. hadntgone12. Mayb

18、e if Iscience, and not literature then, I would be able to give you morehelp.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying13. Teachers recommend parentstheir children under 12 to ride bicycles to schoolfor safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustntallowD. couldntallow14. If hemy advice, he

19、wouldnthave lost his job.A. followedB. should followC. had followedD. would follow15. John went to the hospital alone. If heme about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told16. The weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now!