定語(yǔ)從句長(zhǎng)難句解析

1、精品辦公文檔定語(yǔ)從句之長(zhǎng)難句解析1.It was what sentimentalists call a yearning ideal, and means that women they are not until they have husbands and children.afterthesatisfied【要點(diǎn)】 who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who deal in very big words用來(lái)修飾 sentimentalists ( 情感主義者 ) whom 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 on whom they may center affections 用來(lái)修飾 husbands and chi

2、ldren 。which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 which arespent elsewhere,as it were,in small changes 用來(lái)修飾 affections【譯文】一般情感主義者喜歡用大字眼,稱(chēng)之為對(duì)于理想愛(ài)情的渴望。換言之，他們認(rèn)為女人的情感平時(shí)只能零星發(fā)泄，必須有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起來(lái)有了歸宿，自己才能得到滿足。2. . Smartcards, whichcan carryas muchas 80 timesmoreinformation on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are alr

3、eady widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.【要點(diǎn)】 本句為簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句。句架為Smart cards, which ., are精品辦公文檔already widely used in European countries where.。which為關(guān)系代詞 ,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 smart cards ；where為關(guān)系副詞 ,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 ,修飾 countries 。nationwide:全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的。

4、roll out: 本意為 " 展開(kāi) (卷起之物 )", 此處為引申義 ,指展開(kāi)工作?！咀g文】智能卡載有的信息量是普通磁卡信息載量的80 多倍 ,已經(jīng)在歐洲各國(guó)廣泛使用,因而使歐洲各國(guó)中央銀行得以在全國(guó)范圍展開(kāi)新型的服務(wù)。3. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it ispossible to form a new substance.【要點(diǎn)】本句中有兩個(gè)由which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：第

5、一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是 science, 而不是 chemistry; 第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是 chemical change, 而不是 result 或 matter ?！咀g文】我們可以說(shuō) ,化學(xué)是論述物質(zhì)化學(xué)變化的科學(xué),通過(guò)化學(xué)變化可能獲得新的物質(zhì)4. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can catch!【要

6、點(diǎn)】本句由一個(gè)主句 (Time goes fast) 、兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句 (who.和 you can catch) 和一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句 (when.) 組成。you can catch前省略了that 。按照先發(fā)生的事情先敘述以及條件在先結(jié)果在后的漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣 ,翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)采用逆序法。精品辦公文檔【譯文】對(duì)一個(gè)有美感,能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何東西的人來(lái)說(shuō) ,時(shí)間總是過(guò)得很快,比如當(dāng)戲水池里有幾個(gè)可愛(ài)的孩子,池邊還有一位如黛安娜似的年輕女子時(shí)前置法：如果定語(yǔ)從句較短，限制能力較強(qiáng)，一般我們將此類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句譯成帶“的”的定語(yǔ)詞組，放在被修飾的先行詞的前面。后置法：如果定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,譯成前置的定語(yǔ)短

7、語(yǔ)顯得太長(zhǎng)而不符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣時(shí)， 我們往往把定語(yǔ)從句與主句分譯，譯成后置的并列分句5.In the railroads' prime years, between 1890 and 1920,there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading - works offering theambience of stati

8、ons, yards, and locomotive cabs【解析】(同位語(yǔ) most of them；定語(yǔ)從句 who made a professionof writing)分句 1.there were a few individuals in the United States分句 2. most of them with solid railroading experience behind them分句 3.who made a profession of writing about railroading分句 4.works offering the ambience of s

9、tations, yards, andlocomotive cabs1 是主句2 和 3 是嵌套2 作為 1 中 a few individuals的同位語(yǔ) ,精品辦公文檔對(duì)它進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明【譯文】在 1890 年到 1920 年間鐵路的黃金時(shí)期 ,美國(guó)有幾個(gè)人 (他們大多有豐富的鐵路經(jīng)驗(yàn))以寫(xiě)鐵路題材為職業(yè)作品圍繞車(chē)站、停車(chē)場(chǎng)和機(jī)車(chē)。6.In agriculture, the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators, the cotton presses, the warehouses, and th

10、e commodity exchanges that seemed to so many of the nation's farmers the visible sign of a vastconspiracy against them【解析】(特殊結(jié)構(gòu)marked by；定語(yǔ)從句that seemedthevisible sign)分句 1：In agriculture, the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators, the cotton presses, the warehouses,

11、and the commodity exchanges分句 2：that seemed to so many of the nation's farmers the visible sign of a vast conspiracy against them分句 1 是整個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子的主句 ,其中賓語(yǔ)部分是由幾個(gè)并列短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的 。分句 2 是分句 1 的定語(yǔ)從句 ,進(jìn)一步解釋了這些東西何以成為了“標(biāo)志”， 1 和 2 嵌套。【譯文】在農(nóng)業(yè)上 ,這一變化的標(biāo)志是谷物升降機(jī)、皮棉打包機(jī)廠、貨棧和商品交換的出現(xiàn),對(duì)全國(guó)的眾多農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)它們是反對(duì)農(nóng)民的大陰謀的明顯標(biāo)志。精品辦公文檔7. And th

12、ere were factories in occupations such as metalwork where individual contractors presided over what were essentially handicraft proprietorships that coexisted within asingle building【解析】 (where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句； what 引導(dǎo)的從句作presided over的賓語(yǔ) )分句 1：And there were factories in occupations such asmetalwork分句 2：where individual contractors presided over分句 3：what were essentially handicraft proprietorships分句 4：that coexisted within a single building分句 1 是整個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子的主句 ,分句 2 是分句 1 的定語(yǔ)從句 , 分句 3 是 2 的賓語(yǔ)從句 ,分句 4 是 3 的定語(yǔ)從句。1 和 2 嵌套, 2 和 3 嵌套, 3 和 4 嵌套 .【譯文】仍然有像金屬制造廠一類(lèi)的工廠,在那里個(gè)體承包商管理在同一幢樓里的本質(zhì)上是手工藝品