2018最新版初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納基本全了

1、初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納陜西省丹鳳縣龍駒中學(xué) 張?jiān)?2018年5月24日       冠詞 a / an 的用法 a用于輔音音素前  a useful book,   a university,   a “u” Once a week     have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/ rest   have a cold/ headache / fever /cough 

2、0;  have a good time   have a try   in a hurry     after a while    keep a diary    go for a walk   in a minute    in a word   in a short while   an則用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy

3、, an “A E F H I L M N O R S X” keep an eye on 定冠詞the的用法：1）特指雙方都明白的人或物： Give me the book.2）上文提到過(guò)的人或事： -Do you know the lady in blue? Yes, she is a teacher of a university. 3）指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/  world/  nature/  universe )4）單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：the dollar 美元;  The lio

4、n is a wild animal.或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人：the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible 5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)，及形容詞only，very, same等前面：I live on the second floor. 6）用在表示身體部位的名詞前： She caught me by the arm. 7）用在表示樂(lè)器和表方位的名詞之前： She plays the piano violin guitar  in the north of China 8）用在普通名詞構(gòu)成專有名詞前： the Peop

5、le's Republic of China the United States  the Great Wall  the Summer Palace 9) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人：the Greens are playing the piano.  10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),in the middle (of),in the end,  all the time   at the same time   on the

6、whole,by the way,go to the cinema  at he age of six  at the beginning of the twenty-first century   on the other side of   at the moment   the day after tomorrow  the day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark, in th

7、e rain,不用定冠詞的情況1) 國(guó)名，人名前通常不用定冠詞：China , Europe  歐洲 Lei Feng 雷鋒   2）物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞表示一般概念時(shí)，通常不加冠詞；當(dāng)表示特定的意思時(shí)，需要加定冠詞Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。 3）在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日、日期、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前，不加冠詞； Childrens Day   Mothers Day   Fathers Day  4）在稱呼或表示官銜，職位的名詞前不加冠詞； He is c

8、aptain of the team. 5）在三餐、四季，球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、學(xué)科、娛樂(lè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱前，不加冠詞 如：have breakfast /supper / lunch，play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter 6）當(dāng)by 與火車等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無(wú)冠詞；by bus/ train/ taxi/ bus/ ship   7）Day and night  face to face  side by side 

9、 step by step   watch TV  at school / work / home  at first/ last  in danger  in trouble  on foot  on duty  on watch  in bed  on time   in time  go to school   go to work  by taxi / bike  at noon  at night

10、  on TV  at town 部分詞組有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里in front of 在-的前面in the front of 在-內(nèi)部的前面go to school 上學(xué)go to the school 到學(xué)校去a number of = a lot of 許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The number of -的數(shù)目，-的總數(shù)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)（第三人稱單數(shù)）名詞：專有名詞和普通名詞（個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞）可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)一般情況加s  以s, x sh ch,等結(jié)尾的詞加-

11、es bus-buses  watch-watches  以o 結(jié)尾的名詞，無(wú)生命的加s，如： photo-photos piano-pianos 有生命的es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes  均可，如：zero-zeros / zeroes以f或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，去f, fe 加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolves wife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves （加s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofs safe-safe

12、s gulf-gulfs；）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y 為i，再加es baby-babies   不規(guī)則：a. 單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣。Sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese. People, police, scissors, trousers  b. 其他的。footfeet  tooth-teeth  childchildren mouse-mice man-men woman-women  businessman -businessmen German-Germans    wo

13、men doctors 集體名詞: People, police,(一般表示一個(gè)整體，謂用復(fù)數(shù)) class, family, glasses 不可數(shù)名詞：常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞有：information, news, room （空間）， work, work, weather, advice, bread , food, milk, tea, ice, glasses, meat      A little, a bit of, some, much, a lot of, quite a lot of 常修飾不可數(shù)名詞.   

14、 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。    如果用and連接兩個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Time and money are-    A  cup  glass  bottle  box  kilo    group  crowd  class   pair  of Two and a half kilos of = two kilos and a half of 名詞所有格  在英語(yǔ)中有些名詞可以加&q

15、uot;'s"來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下：    1） 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加"'s"，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒(méi)有s，也要加"  's  "，如the boy's bag，men's room  Childrens Day  Mothers Day  Fathers Day    2） 若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s ，只加"  

16、;'  "，如：Teachers Day  ladies room  twenty minutes walk 3） 凡不能加"'s"的名詞，都可以用"名詞+of +名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字; A picture of family; a map of China    4） 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，如：the barber's 理發(fā)店。   

17、; 5） 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示"分別有"；只有一個(gè)'s，則表示'共有'。 John's and Mary's room（兩間）John and Mary's room（一間）    6） 復(fù)合名詞或短語(yǔ)，'s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。 如：a month or two's absence7）雙重所有格  a friend of mine / hers / his / theirs   a friend of Marys mothers

18、代詞、人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞Imemyminemyself   you youyouryourself (yourselves)    hehimhishishimself  sheherherhersherself  itititsitsitself   weusouroursourselves  theythemtheirtheirsthemselves  人稱順序you, he, she, I ;  we, you, they 主格作主語(yǔ)；賓格作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和介詞之

19、后通常作賓格；形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用，通常放在名詞之前；名詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞，“of名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬關(guān)系。A friend of mine我的一位朋友; teacher of hers她的老師代詞it 的用法：指代前面提到過(guò)的事物。     表天氣。            表距離。指嬰兒和不明身份的人。 -John, someone in your class phoned you this morning. -Oh,

20、 who was it? 用作形式主語(yǔ)。Its kind / good / nice /clever /polite / foolish of sb. to do sth. Its important / necessary / possible / easy / difficult for sb to do sth, Its time to get up. Its time for lunch. Its ones turn to do It seems that  It takes sb. some time to do sth. 用作形式賓語(yǔ)。Find / think / fee

21、l + it +adj +to do sthIt one 的區(qū)別It 特指上文提到的同一對(duì)象，同一事物。one同類而不同一。that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。   反身代詞   構(gòu)成規(guī)則：一、二物主，三為賓。   運(yùn)用：hurt/ teach/ wash / buy/ enjoy oneself          by / Help oneself (one selves) to - / Look after oneself

22、60;/ Say to oneself  / Come to oneself   、不定代詞 little, a little, few, a few=several(some), some, any much, too much, much too, more then =over, less than= nearly  something 某事，某物，用于肯定句。注意：由復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。Everyone is here. 修飾不定代詞的形容詞后置。I have something important to tell yo

23、u. 在反意疑問(wèn)句中，表示人的復(fù)合代詞在陳述句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用he或they，表物的用it 。anything 任何事物，某事物，用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句。everything 每件事，一切事物，用于各種句型。nothing沒(méi)什么，沒(méi)有任何東西。=not -any thing somebody 某人，有人=someone anybody 任何人(用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句，條件從句中)nobody沒(méi)有人little， 幾乎沒(méi)有，表示否定意思，用以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。A little  一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，表示肯定，用以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Only a little 僅一點(diǎn)點(diǎn).也可修飾形容詞和副詞。一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)

24、，放在動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)后。few幾乎沒(méi)有，表示否定意思，用以修飾可數(shù)名詞。a few=several 幾個(gè)， 一些，表示肯定意思，用以修飾可數(shù)名詞。some  一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞，后跟復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞或ones, 也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。在表示請(qǐng)求、委婉語(yǔ)氣的疑問(wèn)句和表示希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答的問(wèn)句中，常用some. Could you give me some apples? any 一些，任何一些。 一般用于疑問(wèn)句中或否定句中和IF 引導(dǎo)的條件句中。 much 許多。修飾不可數(shù)名詞，放在不可數(shù)名詞前，可用a lot of 替換。too much 太多的，用法相當(dāng)于much ，放在不可數(shù)名詞

25、前。Heath is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of too much rich food. much too 太，用法相當(dāng)于too, 放在形容詞和副詞前。Keep quiet! Its much too noisy here. more than 超過(guò)，多于。=over more or less 或多或少，差不多。=about at least 至少a lot 許多，修飾動(dòng)詞。Thanks a lot. a lot of = lots of 許多的，可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。a

26、 number of 許多的,= many 只用于修飾復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞，放在可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前。every 用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上，著眼于整體。后可跟數(shù)詞。詞組有every ten minuets each 用于兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，著眼于個(gè)體。詞組有each of either  兩個(gè)中任何一個(gè)  either -or  both  兩個(gè)都   both - and -     both of - neither 兩個(gè)中一個(gè)也沒(méi)有   e.g.  -Do you like talk

27、ing with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? -Neither, I enjoy using QQ. neither - nor - any 三個(gè)以上中任何一個(gè)all三個(gè)以上中全部none 三個(gè)以上中一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。 None of -中沒(méi)有一個(gè)，表示三個(gè)或以上數(shù)目的人或物中沒(méi)有一個(gè)，表否定，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。others  表示“泛指”除自己外，別的人。Some -, others -the other 表示兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)。One -, the other -the others 表示特指的另一些。 anot

28、her 后跟單數(shù)名詞。表示泛指另一個(gè)人。后跟帶數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“再，還要”的意思。other 別的，另外的，一般后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞或ones , 在other 前可加some, many 或數(shù)詞，表示“幾個(gè)，一些別的”Such a tall building    such an exciting football match  so many people each other相互，彼此，指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)物時(shí) 。one another 相互，彼此，指三者或三者以上的彼此。one anothers 相互的，彼此的。數(shù)詞     表

29、示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞，數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞；表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。 一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞 1）基數(shù)詞寫(xiě)法和讀法： 百位與十位，用 and,  十位與個(gè)位，寫(xiě)時(shí)用“”先確定分節(jié)號(hào)，從右至左，每隔三位數(shù)是一個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)。第一個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)是千位 thousand  4第二個(gè)分節(jié)號(hào)是千位 million  第三個(gè)分號(hào)節(jié)是十億位 billion.      1, 234 ,567, 892one billion two hundred and thirty-four million

30、five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-two  2）分?jǐn)?shù)表示法 構(gòu)成：分子基，分母序，分子大于1時(shí)，分母在序數(shù)詞后加S：  1/2 a half   1/3 one-third； 2/3  two thirds  3/4 three quarters = three fourths  2- 3/4 two and three fourths 3）表示"年代"，用 in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)； in the 1980s

31、（20世紀(jì)80年代）4）表某人幾歲時(shí):  in +物主代詞+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 in ones twenties 5）He lives in Rom 88.  One plus two is three. Three times five is fifteen.6）hundred , thousand , million 等詞前有具體的數(shù)字時(shí)，不能加S  如 three hundreds 這種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的7）hundreds of   thousands of   millions of 8）a 21-year-old girl

32、   three days and a half = three and a half days  one and a half hours = one hour and a half    well have two weeks holiday (two-week holiday)  9）（基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣）一、二、 三特別記，th從四以上記;怎么加很容易，八減t，九減e;  f來(lái)把ve替，見(jiàn)y變ie; 若是遇到幾十幾，變換個(gè)位就可以。One-first  two-second  thre

33、e- third  five- fifth  eight-eighth  nine- ninth twelve twelfth  thirteen- thirteenth  fifteen- fifteenth   eighteen- eighteenth  twenty- twentieth twenty-one-twenty-first  thirty-thirtieth  forty-fortieth  fifty fiftieth  sixty- sixtieth&#

34、160; seventy- seventieth  eighty-eightieth  ninety-ninetieth  序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式： first-1stsecond-2ndthirty-first-31st  形容和副詞修飾something, anything, everything, anybody等不定代詞的形容詞，形容詞要放在不定代詞之后。I have Something important to tell you. enough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，enough要放在形容詞和副詞之后。Far enough interesting, ex

35、citing, boring, amazing, surprising, moving 主語(yǔ)為物。Interested, excited, amazed, surprised, frightened, tired, pleased 主語(yǔ)為人。Much, far, a lot, a little, even等后要用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。  I fell even worse now. 5.連系動(dòng)詞be, 感官動(dòng)詞(look, smell, taste, sound, feel )三個(gè)變(get, become, turn,) keep 后跟形容詞.既可作形容詞又可作副詞的詞有： har

36、d 作形容詞=difficult , 作副詞，放在work, rain等后,表努力地做。   well作形容詞身體好; 作副詞，做得好。 long作形容詞，表事物的長(zhǎng)度，作副詞，放在last, talk等后,表動(dòng)作持續(xù)。 Fast 作作形容，放在系動(dòng)詞后，作副詞放在rain, make sth.等詞后，表“做得快”。 High作形容詞“山，海浪的高。作副詞, 放在fly, jump 等后表飛得高，跳得高。五、形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~ +ly    useful, wide, strong 改y為i,再加ly  healthy , heavy,

37、happy, lucky, noisy, good well  terrible-terribly   probable-probably多數(shù)以ly 結(jié)尾的詞是副詞。 但friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, daily, lively 是形容詞。China is larger than any other county in Asia. （同一范圍內(nèi)）  China is larger than any county in Afirca. （不同范圍內(nèi)）how many 對(duì)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的提問(wèn)。How many people

38、are there in your family? How much 對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的提問(wèn)和提問(wèn)價(jià)格。How long 多久，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?；卮鸪Ｓ茫篺or + 段時(shí)間  since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間。How soon 多快，多久以后?；卮鸪Ｓ茫篿n +段時(shí)間How often 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次，提問(wèn)頻率?；卮鸪Ｓ茫簅nce (twice) a week, three times a day, often How far 多遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)距離提問(wèn)?；卮鸪Ｓ茫篺ifteen minutes walk , 10 meters away 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：原級(jí): as +原級(jí) + as ; 

39、; not as / so +原級(jí) + as =反義詞+than   English is as interesting as Chinese.  Mr. Zhang isnt as old as Mr. Li. = Mr. Zhang is younger than Mr. Li. 比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞 than,  Lilys bag is bigger than hers.                much,

40、far, a little, even , next time                which / who - A, B ?  Which is more beautiful, Tom, Jim?the +比較級(jí)-,the+比較級(jí)-  The more we get together, the happier well be. 比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) （多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞用more and more +原級(jí)） 

41、越來(lái)越-  harder and harder , our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. 最高級(jí)標(biāo)志詞：the + 最高級(jí) + of  / in    Shanghai is the biggest city in China.               One of the + 最高級(jí) + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)   Zhou Jiekun is

42、 one of the most popular singers.               Which / who -+ 最高級(jí), A, B or C?   Who city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Kunming?               序數(shù)詞

43、+最高級(jí)，表“第幾最-” Chang jiang is the first longest river in China.  the second largest population   形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 （略）不規(guī)則: good / well - better- best     bad / badly/ ill -worse-worst    many / much - more -most   little -less-least 

44、60;  far - farther（較遠(yuǎn)）- farthest       far-further（進(jìn)一步） -furthest  tired -more tired -the most tired (right, tired, glad. pleased. real )動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)志詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)難點(diǎn)與要點(diǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?am is are ?there be 結(jié)構(gòu)?行為動(dòng)詞sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, once a week am / is

45、/ are +done注意第三人稱單數(shù)情況現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/ is / are +Ving now, look, listen, right now, at the moment, it's +幾點(diǎn)am/ is/ are +being +done動(dòng)詞ING 形式的構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)?was/ were +表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)?Ved yesterday, last, ago一家; just now, in the old days, a moment ago, long ago, ih the 1990swas / were +done注意動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)?will/ shall +V原形?

46、be going to +V原形tomorrow, next year, this year, at the end of this term, from now on,in the future, in a few days' time will / shall + be +done be going to +be +done 注意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成 (與過(guò)去式的區(qū)別)P255過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was / were +Ving at +具體時(shí)間, at this time., when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句was / were +being +done 與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have / h

47、as +donealready, yet, just, never, ever, for, since, so far  注意瞬間動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的運(yùn)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)?would / should +V原形?was / were going to +V原形賓語(yǔ)從句中,從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生.Would/ should +be +done be going to +be +done 過(guò)去完成時(shí)had +done by+過(guò)去某一時(shí)點(diǎn);before + 過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn); by the time +從句;  從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作前發(fā)生Had +been + done

48、60;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +done 注:  不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞詳見(jiàn)初三課本的255頁(yè)。祈使句  祈使句用以表達(dá)命令，要求，請(qǐng)求，勸告等。 1） 祈使句否定在句首加Don't：  Don't move.   Don't be late.  2） Lets -shall we ?   let us him - will you / won't you?感嘆句 How+形容詞或副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它    How

49、 lovely the baby is!What a / an + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它   What a clever boy he is!What + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它   What wonderful ideas (we have)!What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它    What cold weather it is!反意疑問(wèn)句1) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, l

50、ittle, too-to等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ? 2)陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)（didn't +主語(yǔ)）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 3)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。 He used to take pictures there, didn't he?

51、 / usedn't he? 4)陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5)陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。  Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 6)陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。 Everything is ready

52、, isn't it? 7) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：  a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he? b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?   He said he wanted to v

53、isit Japan, didn't he? c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。 I don't think he is bright, is he?   We believe she can do it better, can't she? 8) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。 Everyone k

54、nows the answer, don't they?(does he?)   Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 9)省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 Don't do that again, will you?   Go with me, will you / won't you ? 注意： Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we?     Let's go and listen to

55、the music, shall we?Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you?  Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?10)陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。 There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there? 11)否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible

56、, isn't it?        He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?  并列句  and  和，并且， work hard, and you can pass the exam. but 但是    he is rich but he is not happy. Or 否則，要不然，或者（在否定句中表和） Hurry up, or youll be late. so 因此，所以 Kate was ill

57、so she didnt go to school. For 因?yàn)?#160; I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do. 狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為If, when, before, after, until, as soon as 等，主句和從句有下列情況：主句從句 一般將來(lái)時(shí)(主將從現(xiàn))一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)I will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.  祈使句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 英語(yǔ)

58、句子中如果一看到   Thought-but-; because-so-這種結(jié)構(gòu),就是錯(cuò)誤.倒裝句     so+助動(dòng)詞BE動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+另一主語(yǔ)，表示后者與前者一致。so+上句主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞BE動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，真的，確實(shí)如此。Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann. Tom didnt watch TV last night. Neither did Ann. -Youve left the light on. -So I have. Ill go and turn it off. 賓語(yǔ)從句 

59、;  ?從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序。?主句與從句的關(guān)系。 A主現(xiàn)從不限；B主過(guò)從過(guò)；C真金不怕火煉。The earth moves around the sun.  常見(jiàn)的賓語(yǔ)從句。She says that - I hope / think / feel / wonder- I wonder if he will join us in the discussion tonight. Could you tell / show me-    Could you please tell me where the teachers office is? Do

60、 you know-   Do you know where Mr. Li lives? Please tell me - She asked me -I dont know -  I dont know whether Tom will go or not.定語(yǔ)從句that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。I am sure she has somethi

61、ng (that) you can borrow.(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。Ive read all the books that are not mine.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the first book (that) he has read.(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。This is the very book that belongs to him.一般用that而不用who(1)  先行詞是who或w

62、ho引導(dǎo)的主句。      Who is the girl (that) drove the car?        Who (that) broke the window will be punished.(2)  主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) 。  There are 200 people (that) didnt that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用which而不用that。(1)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊

63、跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前）。                              Those are many trees under (which) they can have a rest.(2)  在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。      Foot

64、ball , (which) is a very popular game, is played all over the world.后跟ing 的詞有Finish doing   Before 2008 Beijing we will finish building the Olympic Park. enjoy doing 喜歡做某事  I enjoy reading English loudly. mind doing  介意（反對(duì)）做某事  would you mind opening the window? practice doi

65、ng sth. 練習(xí)做某事 we should practice speaking English as often as possible. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事feel like doing sth =want to do sth. 想要做某事spend - (in) doing sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事stop / prevent / keep -from doing  阻止某人做某事have trouble problem / a hard time doing sth. 做某事很困難Have fun doing sth. =have a good time doing sth. 做某事很快樂(lè)go on doing sth 接著做原來(lái)做著的事go shopping / swimming/ skating /surfing-do some running / washing/ cooking -介