離心機說明書(新版)

1、臥式沉降離心機Direction for Using Horizontal Settling Centrifuge說 明 書河北華北石油機械化工有限公司滄州機械設(shè)備制造分公司«Huabei Oil» Mechanical & Chemical orporation LTD. Province Hebei Chanzhou Mechanical Equipment Manufactory Blanch Company目 錄一、概述 1 二、主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 1 三、主輔機結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 1 四、安裝和操作規(guī)程1 安裝1 2操作前的檢查 2 3啟動操作 2 4停機操作 2

2、5注意事項 3 6維修保養(yǎng) 3 7常見故障及排除方法 3 8隨機配件表 4 五、附圖紙（5張）一、概述LW 型沉降離心機是鉆井液處理的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備之一，可分離大于5m 的固相，有效地解決旋流裝置不能分離超細有害固相的問題，迅速恢復(fù)鉆井液比重等性能參數(shù)，是實現(xiàn)科學(xué)打井的可靠保證。二、主要技術(shù)參數(shù)表 三、主輔機結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理（見圖2）1、主機由主驅(qū)動電機、液力偶合器、三角帶輪、轉(zhuǎn)筒等組成，輔機由輔驅(qū)動電機、行星差速器、三角帶輪、螺旋輸送器等組成。采用離心沉降法進行分離。工作時轉(zhuǎn)筒與螺旋輸送器在行星差速器速差的作用下同方向不同速度旋轉(zhuǎn)，葉片將轉(zhuǎn)筒內(nèi)壁的固相刮至底流嘴處排出機體外。2、轉(zhuǎn)筒大端有8個溢流孔

3、，分離過的液相由此排出返回到循環(huán)罐中，8個溢流孔有可調(diào)擋板用來控制轉(zhuǎn)筒沉降深度。在轉(zhuǎn)筒小端分布28個底流嘴，分離出來的固相經(jīng)底流嘴排出轉(zhuǎn)筒外。3、離心機工作時鉆井液通過進液管進入螺旋輸送器，通過離心力的作用緊貼滾筒內(nèi)壁成固相層（見圖3）。四、安裝和操作規(guī)程1、安裝1.1離心機應(yīng)水平而牢固地安裝在2號循環(huán)罐頂上或其他合適的位置，使收回的底流或溢流有足夠的時間進行充分的攪拌，這一點對于加重水基泥漿回收加重材料尤為重要。1.2如果要求回收底流排除溢流，應(yīng)將溢流管伸入循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中攪拌良好-1-的罐內(nèi)，將底流槽伸向廢漿池。1.3在離心機控制箱外應(yīng)另裝電源開關(guān)，不能用離心機的控制箱作為主電源開關(guān)。2、操作前

4、的檢查2.1離心機的檢查：旋轉(zhuǎn)體周圍有無影響主機運轉(zhuǎn)的物體。 2.2三角皮帶張緊情況及各護罩緊固有無松動現(xiàn)象。2.3用手轉(zhuǎn)動主電機三角皮帶輪，要求轉(zhuǎn)離心機二圈，手轉(zhuǎn)動時是否有卡的現(xiàn)象，手感若有阻力，應(yīng)檢查主機找出其原因。2.4檢查進漿管分流閥打開否，必須在啟動時分流閥在全開位置。 2.5檢查清水源是否有水，以便粘度在40秒可加5%8%的水，有助分離效果及使用完及時清洗。2.6如果長時間沒有使用，使用前應(yīng)檢查離心機雙級行星差速器的機械油是否充足, 打開絲堵應(yīng)看到油流出，若不足可補充30#-機械油。 3、啟動操作3.1首先合上電源總開關(guān)及泵的電源開關(guān)。3.2先啟動輔驅(qū)動電機，待運轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)無其他異常雜

5、音30秒后可以動主驅(qū)動電機，觀察運轉(zhuǎn)情況是否正常（若有異常首先停主驅(qū)動電機，后停輔驅(qū)動電機）。 3.3打開進液管的分離閥，啟動供液泵（圖4），根據(jù)工作情況，調(diào)節(jié)分流閥的分流量，增減進漿量。 4、停機操作4.1關(guān)閉供液泵電源，停止供液，關(guān)閉分流閥和供液閥。4.2打開清水閘門向機內(nèi)供水進行清洗，持續(xù)5分鐘左右停機。停機期間，清水繼續(xù)注入機內(nèi)3分鐘左右再開機運轉(zhuǎn)，重復(fù)上述過程23次，以徹底清除內(nèi)腔雜物。-2-5、注意事項5.1進液流量不得超過60m 3/h。否則，會引起離心機過載，使安全銷剪斷或離合器滑脫。5.2如果鉆井液粘度過高，必須在進液泵流中加入清水稀釋，降低粘度，防止液相從底流口涌出。5.3

6、冬季零度以下使用離心機時，停機后應(yīng)徹底放凈各連接管線內(nèi)的鉆井液和清水以防結(jié)凍，打開檢查孔檢查機內(nèi)有無積水。5.4在運轉(zhuǎn)中不允許打開上箱或皮帶護罩，勤檢查主機軸承座溫度以及溢流底流的排出狀況。5.5未經(jīng)培訓(xùn)的人員嚴禁使用離心機。6、維修保養(yǎng)（見圖1）6.1在滾筒兩端有四個黃油嘴，運轉(zhuǎn)100小時應(yīng)注入一次2號鋰基黃油。 6.2行星差速器一般采用雙曲線機械油潤滑，箱體上有兩個磁塞可作為加油孔使用(圖56.3首次使用，行星差速器在運轉(zhuǎn)150小時后應(yīng)徹底更換機油，以后1000小時更換一次, 每150小時清潔磁塞上的吸附物, 油位面按45°水平加滿為最佳狀態(tài)。6.4液力偶合器內(nèi)一般加入經(jīng)8010

7、0目過濾的20號或30號透平油，一般7.5升即可，油位經(jīng)常檢查，如低于護罩上的油位線，應(yīng)及時加油補充。7、常見故障及排除方法原因：（1）清洗不干凈，使離心機運轉(zhuǎn)不平衡；（2）減振塊老化失效。 排除方法：（1）徹底沖洗滾筒內(nèi)腔；（2）更換減振塊。原因：由于進液量過大使機內(nèi)固相顆粒沉積過多，主機超載，使行星差速器-3-安全銷剪斷或離合器脫開，螺旋輸送器停轉(zhuǎn)。排除方法：（1）清洗滾筒內(nèi)固相顆粒，調(diào)整進液量；（2）更換相同規(guī)格的安全銷； （3）重新安裝好離合器。原因：（1）進液量過大，使偶合器過載；（2）底流斜槽中固相流動太慢，堵塞了滾筒小端上的底流噴嘴引起過載；（3）偶合器內(nèi)油量過多或油不合規(guī)格。排

8、除方法：（1）調(diào)整進液量，清除滾筒內(nèi)的固相顆粒；（2）沖洗底流噴嘴，在斜槽上加水稀釋；（3）檢查偶合器內(nèi)的油位，更換不合格的工作油。八、隨機配件表序號 名稱規(guī)格型號單位數(shù)量1 主機皮帶根2 輔機皮帶根3 差速器油封 35×52×10 個4差速器油封95×120×12 個型密封圈 386.5×393.5×3.5 個型密封圈 136.5×143.5×3.5 個型密封圈 91.5×98.5×3.5 個8安全銷7×40個地址：滄州市新華區(qū)工農(nóng)路41號電話傳真：031

9、7-2579220郵編：061000 -4- 圖1-5- -6- -7-圖3 離心機工作原理 圖4 供液泵-8-9- 磁堵圖5 行星齒輪差速器Contents1 Brief Description1 2 Main Technical Parameters1 3 Structures of Main and Auxiliary Machines and Their Operation Principle.1 4 Installation and Operation Specification.11 Installation . 12 Inspection Before Operation. 23

10、 Start-up . 24 Shut-down . 25 ers Needing Attention. 36 Maintenance . 37 Constant Faults and Their Debugging. 38 Matching Part List. 41 Brief IntroductionHorizontal settling centrifuge, type LW 450-842 N ,is one of key equipment for treating drilling fluids and removing solid phase particles greater

11、 than 5m and solving the problem that cyclone device cannot separate detrimental ultra-fine solids and for recovering drilling fluid weight and proving a reliable measure for scientific drilling. 2 Main Technical Parameters 1. The main machine consists of main actuating motor, liquid coupling, trian

12、gular belt wheel and rotary drum; the auxiliary machine consists of secondary actuating motor, planetary compensating gear, triangular belt wheel and spiral conveyer. They are performed by means of centrifugal settlement separation. The rotary drum and spiral conveyer rotate in the same direction at

13、 various rate of the gear. Solid phase on the inner wall of the rotary drum are scraped with blades to the underflow openings and drained out of the centrifuge body.2. The separated liquid phase is released with 6 spout holes at the large end of the drum and reversesin a circulating tank. The holes

14、are equipped with adjustable baffle plates for controlling the settlement rate. The separated solid phase is drained out of the drum through 20 underflow nozzles located at the small end of the drum.3. Drilling fluid gets into the spiral conveyer when running the centrifuge and a layer of solid phas

15、e is formed on the inner wall of the drum (Fig.2.4 Installation and Operation Specification1、Installation1.1 The centrifuge should be mounted horizontally and firmly on the top of the-1-circulating tank 2 or at other suitable locations so that the recovered underflow oroverflow is agitated in a peri

16、od of sufficient time. This is important to recovering high-density weighting material when using weighted water-based mud.1.2 Insert overflow pipe in the well-agitated tank in circulating system and overflow cut in a dirty mud sump if it is required to recover the underflow and remove the overflow.

17、1.3 Set up main switch outside a control box of the centrifuge. Dont use it for primary power switch.2、Inspection Before Operation2.1 Inspecting centrifuge: inspect if there is a subject around the rotary body affecting the run of main machine.2.2 Inspect the tightness of triangular belt wheel and i

18、f the safeguard is loosened.2.3 Make barring the centrifuge 2 turns without jamming, otherwise check the main machine and find out the cause for jamming.2.4 Inspect if diverting valve of incoming-stream pipe is opened so that it is fully opening at work.2.5 Inspect if there is water from water sourc

19、e so that add it to drilling fluid withviscosity of 40 s in a concentration of 5-8% to enhance the effect of separation and clean without delay as drilling fluid has used up.2.6 Inspect if the machine oil is sufficient in the two-stage planetary compensating gear before running when the off period o

20、f centrifuge is longer. Oil flows when opening the plug of gear. Add machine oil# 30 in the case of its insufficiency.3、Start-up3.1 Turn on the main switch and switch of pump.3.2 Start up first secondary motor and then main motor after the secondary has run stationarily for 30s without abnormal nois

21、e. Observe if the centrifuge is functioning normally. If abnormal, shut down first the main and then the secondary.3.3 Open the diverting valve of incoming-stream pipe, start up liquid-feed pump, change the fractional flow and increase or decrease the incoming-stream volume according to the operatio

22、n.4、Shut-down4.1 Turn off the power switch of liquid-feed pump, stop liquid feed and close the diverting valve and liquid-feed valve.4.2 Open the water gate ,wash the inner of centrifuge for 5 min and stop flushing. At time of shutdown, continue water injection for 3 min and start up the machine. Re

23、peat the abovementioned procedure 2-3 times to remove the impurity in the inner chamber.4.3 Turn off the main switch with order after cleaning-up the inner chamber, close the water gate and open the upper cover to wash the inner wall of safeguard up to that there is no silt sand.-2-4.4 Close the upp

24、er cover.5 、Matters Needing Attention5.1 Incoming-stream volume is not higher than 40 m3/h, otherwise it results in overload of centrifuge, shearing safety pin or failure of clutch.5.2 Add water in incoming-stream pump for diluting drilling fluid in the case of its excessive viscosity to avoid the e

25、mergence of liquid phase.5.3 Blow down drilling fluid and water from connection lines after stopping use in winter at subzero temperature for freezing protection.5.4 Dont open the upper box or safeguard. Check frequently the temperature of bearing block of main machine and the discharge openings of

26、overflow and underflow.5.5 Strictly prohibit untrained personal from employ centrifuge.6 、Maintenance6.1 Pour into lithium based grease 2 into four grease nipples at the two ends of the drum every 100 hours of operation.6.2 Lubricate planetary compensating gear with hypoid gear oil by using two magn

27、etic plugs on the box body for lubricating hole.6.3 Machine oil in the gear must be entirely replaced by new oil of the same standard in time of its first use for 150 hours and afterwards replaced every 1000 hours. Remove the adsorptive on the magnetic plug every 150 hours. The filling of oil in the

28、 gear with level of 45 should be regarded as the optimal.6.4 Pour into liquid coupling turbine oil 20 or 30 filtrated through 80-100 mesh, generally 7.5 liters. Check constantly the oil level and add in time oil if the level is lower than the level line on safeguard.7、 Constant Faults and Their Debu

29、gging7.1 Vibration of centrifugeCauses: 1 Insufficient cleaning results in unbalanced operation of centrifuge;2 Failure of shock pad due to ageing.Debugging method: 1 clean up the inner chamber of drum;2 change shock pad.7.2 No solid phase drained out of underflow openingCauses: Overload of the main

30、 machine, shearing safety pin and dislocation of clutch, as well as stopping the work of spiral conveyer result from excessive settlement of solid particles due to excessively high incoming-stream volume.Debugging method:1 Clean up solid particles and adjust incoming-stream volume;2 Change safety pin with a new pin of the same standard;3 Reset clutch.7.3 Ageing of fusible plug-3-Causes: 1 Overload of coupling due to excessively high incoming-stream volume;2 Lower flow of solid phase thro