高一化學(xué)關(guān)于金屬及其化合物的方程式

1、高一化學(xué)關(guān)于金屬及其化合物的方程式" 第三章金屬及其化合物 -1-堿金屬 Na(活潑 "1," 鈉露置空氣中變暗 ","4Na+O2=2Na2O"2," 鈉的燃燒 ","2Na+O2Na2O2(淡黃色 "3," 鈉投入水中","2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2"4," 鈉投入硫酸銅溶液中","2Na+2H2O+CuSO4=Na2SO4+Cu(OH2+H2"5," 氧化鈉的化學(xué)性質(zhì) ","

2、;Na2O+H2O=2NaOH","Na2O+CO2=Na2CO3"6," 過氧化鈉的化學(xué)性質(zhì) (強(qiáng)氧化性","2Na2O2+2H2O=4NaOH+O2","2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2","Na2O2+SO2=Na2SO4"7," 碳酸鈉的性質(zhì) ","Na2CO3+CO2+H2O=2NaHCO3","Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+CO2+H2O"8," 碳酸氫鈉與酸 , 堿反應(yīng) , 不穩(wěn)定性&

3、quot;,"NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+CO2+H2O","NaHCO3+NaOH=Na2CO3+H2O","2NaHCO3Na2C O3+CO2+H2O"9," 焰色反應(yīng)操作步驟 "," 先要灼燒鉑絲成無色 , 做完一種離子的鑒別后 , 要用鹽酸洗 , 再 灼燒至無色 , 再檢驗第二種離子 ."10," 鈉 , 鉀的焰色 "," 鈉 :黃色鉀 :紫色 (透過藍(lán)色鈷玻璃觀察 "" 第三章金屬及其化合物 -2-金屬鋁 Al(兩性 "

4、1," 鋁的性質(zhì) (強(qiáng)還原性 , 與酸 , 堿反應(yīng)都放 H2","2Al+Fe2O32NaAlO2+3H2","2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2"1,"2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2"2," 氧化鋁的性質(zhì) (兩性 , 與酸 , 堿反應(yīng)生成鹽和水 ","Al2O3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O" ,"Al2O3+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+H2O"3," 氫氧化鋁的性質(zhì) (兩性 , 與酸 , 堿反應(yīng)生成鹽和水 &qu

5、ot;,"Al(OH3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O" ,"Al(OH3+NaOH=NaAlO2+H2O"4," 硫酸鋁與氨水","Al2(SO43+6NH3·H2O=2Al(OH3+3(NH42SO4"5," 氫氧化鋁受熱分解 ","2Al(OH3Al2O3+3H2O"" 第三章金屬及其化合物 -3-金屬鐵 Fe(變價 "1," 鐵在氧氣中燃燒 ","3Fe+2O2Fe3O4"2," 鐵與硫

6、","Fe+SFeS"3," 鐵與氯氣 ","2Fe+3Cl22FeCl3"4," 紅熱的鐵與水蒸氣","3Fe+4H2O(gFe3O4+4H2"5," 用鐵濕法制銅 ","Fe+CuSO4=FeSO4+Cu"6," 氧化亞鐵與鹽酸 ","FeO+2HCl=FeCl2+H2O"7," 氧化鐵與鹽酸 ","Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O"8,"F

7、e(OH3制取","FeCl3+3NaOH=Fe(OH3+3NaCl"9,"Fe(OH2制取","FeSO4+2NaOH=Fe(OH2+2H2O"10," 置露空氣中 ","4Fe(OH2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH3"11," 氫氧化鐵的不穩(wěn)定性 ","2Fe(OH3Fe2O3+3H2O"12," 銅與氯化鐵溶液 ","Cu+2FeCl3=CuCl2+2FeCl2(雕刻銅線路版 "13," 氯

8、化亞鐵中通氯氣 ","2FeCl2+Cl2=2FeCl3"14," 三價鐵遇硫氰化鉀 ","Fe3+3SCN-=Fe(SCN3(紅色 "215," 赤鐵礦煉鐵 ","Fe2O3+3CO2=Fe+3CO2"" 第四章非金屬及其化合物 -1-無機(jī)非金屬材料的主角硅 "1," 硅的燃燒 ","Si+O2=SiO2"2," 制粗硅 ","SiO2+2C=Si+2CO"3," 制碳化硅

9、","SiO2+3C=SiC+2CO"4," 硅與氫氧化鈉","Si+2NaOH+H2O=Na2SiO3+2H2"5,"SiO2與氫氧化鈉溶液 ","SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O"6," 二氧化硅與氫氟酸","SiO2+4HF=SiF4+2H2O"7," 硅酸鈉制硅酸","Na2SiO3+2HCl=H2SiO3+2NaCl","Na2SiO3+CO2+H2O=H2SiO3+2Na2

10、CO3"8," 硅酸的不穩(wěn)定性 ","H2SiO3H2O+SiO2"9," 制水泥的原料 "," 粘土和石灰石 (CaCO3"10," 制玻璃的原料 "," 純堿 , 石灰石 , 石英 "" 第四章非金屬及其化合物 2, 富集在海水中的元素氯 "1," 氯氣與金屬 (鈉 , 銅 , 鐵反應(yīng) ","2Na+Cl22NaCl(白煙 ","Cu+Cl2CuCl2(棕色煙 ","2Fe

11、+3Cl22FeCl3(棕黃色煙 "2," 氯氣與氫氣混合光照 ","H2+Cl22HCl(白霧 "3," 氯氣使有色布條褪色 ","Cl2+H2O=HCl+HClO(HCLO有強(qiáng)氧化性 "4," 次氯酸的不穩(wěn)定性","2HClO2HCl+O2"5," 氯氣尾氣的吸收 ","Cl2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2O"6," 漂白粉制取 ","2Cl2+2Ca(OH2=Ca(ClO2+CaC

12、l2+2H2O"37," 漂白粉久置失效","Ca(ClO2+CO2+H2O=CaCO3+2HClO"8," 氯氣的置換反應(yīng) ","2Cl2+2NaBr=2NaCl+Br2","Cl2+2KI=2KCl+I2(濕潤的 KI 淀粉試紙變藍(lán) "9," 實驗室制氯氣 ","MnO2+4HCl(濃MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O"10," 氯離子檢驗 ","Ag+Cl-=AgCl"11," 照相底片成像原理

13、","2AgBr2Ag+Br2"" 第四章非金屬及其化合物 -3-硫和硫的化合物 "1," 硫與銅的反應(yīng) ","Cu+SCu2S"2," 硫的化學(xué)性質(zhì) (與鐵 , 汞等金屬和氫氣 , 氧氣等非金屬的反應(yīng) ","Fe+SFeS","Hg+S=HgS","H2+S=H2S","S+O2=SO2"3,"SO2(與水反應(yīng)和與 O2催化氧化 ","SO2+H2O=H2SO3"4

14、,"2SO2+O2=2SO3"5," 三氧化硫溶于水 ","SO3+H2O=H2SO4"6," 二氧化硫通入氯水 ","SO2+Cl2+2H2O=H2SO4+2HCl"5," 濃硫酸的強(qiáng)氧化性 (銅 , 碳的反應(yīng) ","Cu+2H2SO4(濃CuSO4+SO2+H2O","C+2H2SO4(濃CO2+2SO2+2H2O"" 第四章非金屬及其化合物 -4-氮和氮的化合物 "1," 工業(yè)合成氨 ",&

15、quot;N2+3H22NH3"2," 雷雨發(fā)莊稼 ","N2+O22NO","2NO+O2=2NO2"4,"3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO"3," 氮的固定 (固氮 "," 把 N2轉(zhuǎn)變成氮的化合物的反應(yīng) "4,"NO 與 O2完全溶于水 ","4NO+3O2+2H2O=4HNO3"5,"NO2與 O2完全溶于水 ","4NO2+O2+2H2O=4HNO3"6," 銅與濃

16、硝酸 ","Cu+4HN03(濃=Cu(NO32+2NO2+2H20"7," 銅與稀硝酸 ","3Cu+8HN03(稀3Cu(NO32+2NO+4H20"8," 濃硝酸與碳 ","C+4HNO3(濃=CO2+4NO2+2H2O"9," 硝酸分解:","4HN032H20+4NO2+02"10," 王水的成分 "," 濃 HNO3和濃 HCl1:3"11," 氨水的電離","NH3·H2ONH4+OH-"12," 氨與酸反應(yīng) ","NH3+HCl=NH4Cl","NH3+HNO3=NH4NO3","2NH3+H2SO4=(NH42SO4"13," 銨鹽受熱分解 (不穩(wěn)定性 ","NH4ClNH3+HCl","(NH42