非限定性定語從句與限制性定語從句講解與練習(xí)

1、定語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解一一、定語從句的概念 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that， which， who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where， when， why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。三、定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句

2、主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。（that作主語）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。（that作賓語）2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：The building which stands near the tra

3、in station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時(shí)可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。（作主語）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Mi

4、ng is talking to？ 正在與李明談話的老師是誰？（作賓語）注意：（1）當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時(shí)，who， that， which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔?。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。（2）含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如：This is the pers

5、on whom you are looking for. 這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。（3）that 作介詞的賓語時(shí)，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。（4）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。b.被修飾的先行詞為all， any， much， ma

6、ny， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？c.先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I

7、 can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰？f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。（5）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用t

8、hat 的情況：a.先行詞為that， those時(shí)，用which， 而不用that.例如：Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which， 而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法（1）when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。例如：This

9、 was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：This is the place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。六非限定性定語從句非限制性定語從句只是對(duì)主句內(nèi)容，或先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說明。主句與先行詞或從句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開，常常單獨(dú)翻譯。沒有它，主句意思仍然完整。引導(dǎo)非限制

10、性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有as，which，who， whom，whose等，作定語從句的主語、賓語、表語及定語。關(guān)系副詞有when，where等，作定語從句的狀語。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中一般不能省。 1. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 例如: Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然聳立，它是一百多年前建造的。) 2. 有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞 3. 在非限定性定語從句中，用

11、who, whom代表人，用which代表事物。 4.當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。 例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。5.非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)， 例如：He seems

12、 not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。6as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，可以代主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容。常表說話人關(guān)于說話的依據(jù)、態(tài)度、評(píng)論、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定語從句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等動(dòng)詞的主、被動(dòng)語態(tài)句。 egMike，as we expected，attended the meeting像我們所期望的那樣，邁克參加了會(huì)議。 egHe wasn't unconsicious，as could

13、 be judged from his eyes他并未失去知覺，這從他的眼神可以判斷出來。 7.which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的情況很多。 I指代主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容時(shí)，常表事實(shí)、狀態(tài)、起因等，有“這就使得、這一點(diǎn)”等意思，常置主句末。主句與定語從句用逗號(hào)分開。 II指代先行詞有多種情況。定語從句置先行詞后面。(1)在“npronnumprep which”，“prepwhich”定語從句里。 1）They talked about a movie，the name of which I've never forgotten他們談?wù)撨^一部電影，我決不會(huì)忘記片名。 2）China has

14、 thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan中國有數(shù)千個(gè)島嶼，其中最大的是臺(tái)灣島。 3）Chaplin went to the states in 1910，by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies卓別林1910年去了美國，那時(shí)他已學(xué)會(huì)跳舞和演喜劇了。 (2)表唯一性，或者就是指代先行詞的事物時(shí)。 The dam，which is the biggest in the world，is 3，830 metres long大壩長3，830米，是世界上最大的壩。(3)

15、先行詞是獨(dú)一無二的事物時(shí)。The moon，which doesn't give out light itself，is only a satellite of the earth月球本身不發(fā)光，它只是地球的一個(gè)衛(wèi)星。(4)先行詞表示類屬的事物時(shí)。Football，which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world足球是一項(xiàng)非常有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，全世界都踢足球.(5)先行詞是專有名詞時(shí)。 1）Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great

16、 Wall of China，the Pyramids of Egypt and the Aswan High Dam， which is also in Egypt世界上最大的三項(xiàng)人造工程是中國的長城，埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高壩，它也在埃及。 2）The Nile，which used to flood every year，now runs more regularly below the dam尼羅河年年漲洪水，現(xiàn)在比較正常地在大壩下面流過了。(6)先行詞是表人的職業(yè)、品質(zhì)、身份等名詞，作定語從句的表語時(shí)。主句和定語從句之間含有對(duì)比的意思。Mike's brother is a p

17、oliceman，which he isn't邁克的哥哥是警察，他可不是。(7)先行詞是形容詞作定語從句的表語時(shí)。主句和定語從句含有對(duì)比的意思。 Li Ling is very clever，which Li Long isn't李玲很聰明，李瓏可不是。 (8)先行詞是集體名詞表整體意思時(shí)。My family，which has 35 people，is a large one我家有35口人，是一個(gè)大家庭。(9)先行詞是國家名詞表地域概念時(shí)。Last year he went to Egypt，which is in Africa他去年去了埃及，埃及在非洲。 三、as，whic

18、h是指代主句內(nèi)容的非限制性定語從句時(shí)，表依據(jù)、評(píng)論與表事實(shí)、狀態(tài)等沒有多大差別，又在主句末時(shí)，有時(shí)可以通用。 1He is quite pleased，as which can be seen from his face他非常高興，從他的表情可以看出來。 2You always work hard，as which everyone knows大家都知道，你一向勤奮學(xué)習(xí)。 但是，上面兩句把定語從句置主句句首時(shí)，就只能用as。 3This elephant is like a snake，as anybody can see像任何人都能看見那樣，這頭象像條蛇。 4Bamboo is hollow

19、，which makes it very light竹子是空的，這就使得它很輕。 在否定意義的非限制性定語從句里，一般用which引導(dǎo)。 5He came to my birthday party，which I didn't expect at all我完全沒有想到，他來參加我的生日聚會(huì)了。 四、who，whom，whose等引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，指代人的普通名詞、專有名詞等。表示正是或?qū)Ｖ赶刃性~等情況。在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。 1Bob's father，who worked on the project，spent four years in Egypt鮑勃的

20、父親從事這項(xiàng)工程，在埃及度過了四年。 2Dad，this is Zheng Jie，who I knew in Paris爸，這是鄭杰，我在巴黎認(rèn)識(shí)的。 這一句是用主格who代替賓格 whom。 3His mother，whom he loved dearly， died in 1818他非常愛戴他的母親，她死于 1818年。 4Mr King，whose legs were badly hurt， was quickly taken to hospital金先生的腿受了重傷，他很快就被送去住院了。 npronnumprepwhom；prep whom；in whose n；the nof w

21、hom等引導(dǎo)非限制性的定語從句。 5He spoke of a pen-pal，the name of whom whose name I've never forgotten他提到過一個(gè)筆友，他的名字我從未忘記。 6About 2，000people，many of whom were Europeans，worked on the project大約兩千人從事過這項(xiàng)工程，其中很多是歐洲人。 7In his office there are nine clerks，the youngest of whom is Mr Liu他辦公室有9個(gè)職員，其中最年輕的是劉先生。 8I decid

22、ed to write about Chaplin，one of whose films I had seen several years before我決定寫有關(guān)卓別林的文章，他的一部電影我?guī)啄昵熬涂催^了。 9We went to hear this famous singer， about whom we had heard many stories我們?nèi)ヂ犨@個(gè)著名的歌唱家演唱。我們已經(jīng)聽說了有關(guān)他的很多故事。 10Mr Pattis，in whose office Ms King was working，was very surprised when he found out her s

23、ecret金女士在帕蒂思辦公室工作。他發(fā)現(xiàn)她的秘密時(shí)感到非常驚奇。 五、when，where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，作定語從句的狀語。when and then， where and there。why不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 1He was quickly taken to hospital，where a doctor wanted to examine Mr King's legs金先生很快被送去住院，在那里一個(gè)醫(yī)生要檢查他的腿。 2We will put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy我們把

24、郊游推遲到下個(gè)星期，當(dāng)我們不忙的時(shí)候。 3He went to America in 1912，where and when he was noticed by an important film director他在1912年去了美國，在那里當(dāng)時(shí)的他引起了一個(gè)重要電影導(dǎo)演的注意。 在prepwhere when非限制性定語從句里，where there，when then。 4His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows，from where he could see nothing but trees他的頭很快從第二層樓的一

25、個(gè)窗戶伸出來了，從那里他只能看見樹木。 5That was in 1929，since when things have been better那是在1929年，從那時(shí)起情況就已經(jīng)好轉(zhuǎn)了。 6I went to bed at ten，before when I was reading for an hour我10點(diǎn)去睡覺，在那時(shí)以前我看了1小時(shí)的書。 有時(shí)候where when可以用prepwhich替換。 7The southern states wanted to set up a country of their own，where they would be free to keep

26、black slaves南方各州要建立一個(gè)屬于他們自己的國家，在那里他們將自由地保留黑人奴隸。 8I still remembered January 10，on which when he came to see me我仍然記得1月10日，他來看我的那一天。 值得注意的是，不少同學(xué)誤認(rèn)為只有 which 才能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是不正確的。使用非限制性定語從句時(shí)，如果先行詞指人，則用 who ， which 或 whose 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；先行詞指物可用 which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；先行詞表時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，可用 when ， where 引導(dǎo)

27、非限制性定語從句。七、限制性和非限制性定語從句定語從句有限制性和非限制性定語從句兩種。一般地說，限制性定語從句用來限制先行詞的意義，與先行詞關(guān)系密切，是整個(gè)句子不可缺少的一部分，否則會(huì)造成全句意義不明確。而非限制性定語從句帶有補(bǔ)充說明的性質(zhì)，與先行詞之間存在一種松散的修飾關(guān)系，去掉后一般不會(huì)影響句子的主要意義。概括起來，兩者有如下區(qū)別： 1）形式不同：限制性定語從句常緊跟其先行詞，中間不用逗號(hào)隔開；而非限制性定語從句與先行詞之間常用逗號(hào)隔開。 After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town where h

28、e grew up as a child. 在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了小時(shí)候生活過的那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。 2）意義不同 ：請(qǐng)比較下面兩個(gè)句子： My brother who is 18 years old is a college student. 我18歲的那個(gè)弟弟是大學(xué)生。 My brother, who is 18 years old, is a college student. 我弟弟是大學(xué)生,今年18歲。 第一句中，限制性定語從句限制了先行詞的意義，明確是18歲的那個(gè)弟弟（而不是其他的，即有可能還有幾個(gè)弟弟）。第二句使用了非限制性定語從句，表明可能只有一個(gè)弟弟，18歲，起補(bǔ)充說明作用。另外

29、，如果先行詞是專有名詞或獨(dú)一無二的人或物，通常用非限制性定語從句。 His mother, who loved him very much, died in 1818. 最愛他的母親于1818年去世了。 I like to chat with Jack, who is a clever boy. 我喜歡和杰克聊天，他是個(gè)聰明人。 When he was 17, he went to a technical school in Zurich, Switzerland, where he studied maths and physics. 17歲那年，他到瑞士的蘇黎士一家技校上學(xué)，在那兒他學(xué)習(xí)了

30、數(shù)學(xué)和物理。 3）先行詞不同：限制性定語從句的先行詞通常是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞除名詞或代詞外，還可以是整個(gè)主句（此時(shí)，常用which或as引導(dǎo)從句）。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需要的只是一些油而已。 Carol said the work would be done by October, which personally I doubted very much. 凱羅爾說工作可在10月前完工，這一點(diǎn)我個(gè)人深感懷疑。 As has been announced, we shall have our final exams

31、 next week. (2003上海春) 我們將于下周舉行期末考試，這一點(diǎn)剛才已經(jīng)宣布了。 句中as 是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代后面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。 4）引導(dǎo)詞不同：限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞可用關(guān)系代詞that, which, who( whom, whose), as和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why；除that 和why 外，其它的關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 He is the only one of the students who / that has been a winner of scholarship for three years. (N

32、MET 2000春) 他在這些學(xué)生中是唯一連續(xù)3年獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的一個(gè)。 She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. (MET 1991) 她聽到一個(gè)可怕的聲音，差點(diǎn)兒把膽都給嚇破了。（句中which不可用that代替） The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (2002 春季) 那個(gè)籃球明星試圖復(fù)出江湖，吸引了眾人的注意。（句中who不可用that代替） 5）引導(dǎo)詞省略情

33、況不同：眾所周知，在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞如果充當(dāng)從句的賓語可以省略；而非限制性定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞是不能省略的。 Is this the book (that / which) you are looking for? 這就是你要找的那本書嗎？（關(guān)系代詞that / which充當(dāng)從句的賓語，可以省略） The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadn't expected. 實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果非常好，這簡直出乎我們的意料。( 關(guān)系代詞 which在從句中充當(dāng)expect的賓語，但因?yàn)橐龑?dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，所以不能省略

34、) 6）譯法不同：把句子翻譯成漢語時(shí)，限制性定語從句中，通常先譯從句后譯先行詞；而非限制性定語從句中則往往相反。 We are living in an age when many things are done on computer. 我們生活在一個(gè)許多工作都由電腦來完成的時(shí)代。 We will be shown around the city: school, museums and some other places, where other visitors seldom go. 我們將被帶去參觀全市各地：包括學(xué)校、博物館和其它場所，那些其它游客很少去的地方。 非限制性定語從句易錯(cuò)題

35、1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞which可以與that互換；但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，只能用which。例1She heard a terrible noise,_ frightened her.A. that B. whichC. what D. who例2 She heard a terrible noise，_ frightened her.A. that B. /C. what D. who解析： 例1意為：“她聽到一個(gè)可怕的聲音，這使她感到恐懼。”that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故選B。例2意為：“她聽到了一個(gè)使她恐懼的可怕聲音?！币龑?dǎo)修飾noise的限制性定語從句可以用

36、which或that來引導(dǎo),故選A。2. 先行詞為reason時(shí)，限制性定語可以用why或for which來引導(dǎo)；非限制性定語從句則只能用for which來引導(dǎo)。例3I had told them the reason, _ I didnt attend the meeting.A. for which B. at whichC. for whom D. why例4I had told them the reason _ I didnt attend the meeting.A. when B. whichC. why D. for that解析： 例3意為：“我早已把理由告訴他們，于是我

37、沒有出席會(huì)議。”先行詞為reason時(shí)，非限制性定語從句應(yīng)用for which引導(dǎo)，故選A。例4意為：“我已經(jīng)把為什么沒有出席會(huì)議的原因告訴他們。”the reason why.是常見搭配，答案為C。3. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任賓語時(shí)可以被省略；但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞即使作賓語也不能省略。例5He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,_ he loved and respected as his own mother.A. as B. whichC. / D. whom解析： 本句意為：“他急于

38、去醫(yī)院看望他的繼母，他像對(duì)待親生母親一樣孝敬她?！标P(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句并作賓語，不能被省略，故選D。4引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)并作從句賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom可以用who來代替；但在非限制性定語從句中，whom就不能用who替換。例6Do you know Tom, _ we talked about?A. which B. thatC. whom D. who例7The American journalist _ the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gang

39、sters. Which of the following is wrong?A. who B. whom C. whose D. /解析： 例6意為：“你認(rèn)識(shí)湯姆嗎? 我們談到過他?！睉?yīng)選C。例7意為：“播音員在新聞廣播中提到的那位美國記者據(jù)說已遭歹徒殺害。下列哪一項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？”關(guān)系代詞作mentioned的賓語且指人時(shí)，可用who/whom/that，在限制性定語從句中可省略，故C是錯(cuò)的。5當(dāng)非限制性定語從句修飾整個(gè)主句時(shí)，其關(guān)系代詞只能用as ，不能用which。此時(shí)非限制性定語從句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。例8_ I expected, he didnt believe me.A.

40、Which B. AsC. That D. When解析： 本句意為：“正如我所預(yù)料的那樣，他不相信我的話?！狈窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句修飾整個(gè)主句，應(yīng)用as引導(dǎo)，故答案為B。例9Mary was late for school,_ often happened.A. as B. for whichC. that D. why解析： 本句意為：“瑪麗上學(xué)遲到了，這是常有的事?！备鶕?jù)句意，關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾前面的主句，其位置非常靈活，故答案為A。6. 由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞指代整個(gè)主句時(shí)，不能用as，只能用which。例10He bought the car

41、 for more than $20,000,_ his father was angry.A. about that B. with asC. when D. with which解析： 本句意為：“他花兩萬多美元買了這輛車，他父親對(duì)此很生氣?！眞hich位于介詞with的后面，指代前面的主句，故答案為D。課堂練習(xí)：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞：指人： who(主格)， whom(賓格)，whose(所有格)指物： which(主格，賓格)， whose(所有格)指人或物： that關(guān)系副詞： when, where, why1. This is all _I know about the m

42、atter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it

43、D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything. A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. This is one of the best books_. A. that have ever been written C. that has written B. that has ever been written D. that have written7. He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything _he saw on the way

44、 to the Paris. A. what B. that C. which D. where8. Is oxygen the only gas _helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it9. Is there anything _to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. which belongs D. that belong10. The scientist and his achievements _ you told me about are admired by us all. A.

45、 which B. that C. who D. whose11. Which of the books _were borrowed from him is the best? A. which B. what C. that D. whose結(jié)論： 先行詞有下列情況或附有下列修飾語時(shí), 通常關(guān)系代詞that1)先行詞是all， no， none， everyone， something， much， little等。2)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí)，the last， the same， the only等。3)如果先行詞中既含有表示人的名詞又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。4)若主句中有疑問代詞wh

46、o，which 為了避免重復(fù), 關(guān)系代詞不要再用who， which。1. Do you know who lives in the building _there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which2. Ill never forget the day _I joined the League. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which3. The woman _my brother spoke just

47、 now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom4. Jeanne was her old friend, _she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom5. His glasses, _he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that6. she is a teach

48、er of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom7. He built a telescope _he could study the skies. A. in which B. with that C. through which D. by it8. Do you know the reason _he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which9. I have bought two ball pens, _

49、writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them10. The Second World War _millions of people were killed in 1945. A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which11. China has many rivers,_ _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D

50、. one of which12. This is the very knife _I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which13. The speed _which you drive your car mustnt too high.14. In the park there are many flowers, the colour _ which is bright and nice.15. The little girl is reading a book, _ which the

51、re are many pictures.16. What were the things _which he was not too sure?17. They held a meeting, _which the hospital director made a speech.18. The book, _which he paid 6 yuan, is worth reading.19. Is this the man _whose house the police found the lost colored TV?20. The villagers dug along tunnel

52、_which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21. Wu Dong, _whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Long March, _which this is one example, are well written.結(jié)論： 介詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇，方法一是看從句謂語部分缺少什么介詞(習(xí)慣搭配)，再則可以通過整個(gè)句子整體含義來判斷，結(jié)合生活實(shí)際來判

53、斷。1._was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A. as , are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. I passed him a large glass of whisky, _ he drank immediately . A. that B. as C. which D. who4. She is very good at dance, _everyb

54、ody knows.A. that B. which C. who D. as5. It was raining, _was a pity. A. what B. that C. the which D. which6._has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As7. We do the same work _they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like8. The earth is round, _we all know. A. tha

55、t B. which C. who D. as 結(jié)論： as ,which均可以引出非限制性定語從句，,如都指前一句話的意思，二者可以互換。.as 引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首，as 本身有“正如.正象” 一類的含義。 與之連用的詞有know， see， expect， announce， point out等。此外，在the sameas ， such.as.中as引導(dǎo)的是限制性定語從句。1. A. Is this the factory _you visited last year? B. Is this factory _you visited last year? a. that b. wh

56、ere c. in which d. the one2. A. Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who_ working in China. B. Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _working in China. a. is b. has c. have d. are3. A. Dont discuss questions such _those. B. Lets discuss only the questions_ we are interested in. a. which b.

57、 that c. as d. about which4. A. All _I need is a good rest. B. _I need is a good rest. a. What b. All what c. that d. Which 5. A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B. Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. a. which b. that c. where d. there6. A.This is the place _we visited last year. B. Thi

58、s the place _we worked last year. a. which b. where c. in that d. there7. A.The news _he told us was very exciting. B. He has brought us the news _our team has won the game. a. what b. as c. that d. where8. It is in a box _I have hidden my money. Well go _we are needed. a. that b .in which c. where

59、d. in it結(jié)論： 在實(shí)踐中要注意定語從句與其它從句的結(jié)構(gòu)上的細(xì)微差別，能夠正確區(qū)分使用它們。課后練習(xí)一1. They are talking about things and persons _ they knew when they were young. A. that   B. which   C. who   D. 

60、;whom 2. This is the man _ last night. A. whom I saw him    B. whom I saw C. which I saw        D. who I saw him3. The seventeenth century was one _ many advances were