初中一年級形容詞的比較級與最高級講解以及習(xí)題_百度文庫

1、 初中一年級形容詞的比較級與最高級講解以及習(xí)題比較級的構(gòu)成一、形容詞級的構(gòu)成1. 單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級以及以 -ly, -er, -ow結(jié)尾的形容詞在詞尾加 -er ;以 e 結(jié)尾的形容詞在詞尾直接加 -r 構(gòu)成。 darkdarker; quickquicker; earlyearlier; clevercleverer; simplesimpler; narrown arrower 。(1單音 節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加 er 或 est :bright _ _; 以不發(fā)音的 e 字母結(jié)尾的加 r, 或 st :large; 以輔 音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的變 y 為 I 加 er 或 es

2、t:easy; 以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加 er 或 est: big 以 er , ow 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加 er 或 est:clever slow2. 多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級在其前加 more 構(gòu)成。 importantmore important; beautifulmore beautiful 。3. 表語形容詞以及由分詞變來的形容詞,在其前加 more 構(gòu)成。 afraid more afraid; interestingmore interesting; pleasedmore pleased。4. 少數(shù)形容詞的比較級是不規(guī)則的:good, well;

3、bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;5. 部分形容詞本身表示最高級,因此他們沒有比較級和最高級形式:favourite round注:只有少數(shù)形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級和最高級形式:clever old far原級比較1. 由 “ . as + 形容詞 + as. ” 或 “ . as + 形容詞 + 名詞 + as. ” 構(gòu)成。My grandpa is as energetic as a young man.Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight.

4、I try to find as much information as I can about what happened.2. 由 “ . not so (as + 形容詞 + as. ” 或 “ . not so (as + 形容詞 + 名詞 + as. ” 構(gòu)成。 Luckily the weather was not so wet as it is today.不同級比較1. 由 “ 形容詞比較級 + than. ” 構(gòu)成。He is more concerned about others than about himself.2. 由 “ . many / much more +

5、可數(shù) / 不可數(shù)名詞 + than. ”My friend earned much more money than I did last year.特殊句型1. “ 比較級 +and + 比較級 ” 或 “more and more / less and less + 原級 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)表示 “ 越來越 ” 的意思,與這類結(jié) 構(gòu)搭配的常用動詞有 grow, get, become等。She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.As the winter is drawing near, it's getting colder and co

6、lder.2. the + 比較級 + of the two + 名詞。Jane is the taller of the two children in our family.3. “the + 比較級 , the + 比較級 ” ,表示 “ 越 ,越 ” 。The more magazines you sell, the more money you will get.4. “ 否定 + 比較級 ” 相當(dāng)于最高級。 Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you? I couldn't agree more. The idea so

7、unds great to me.5. “a + 比較級 + 名詞(than . ” 結(jié)構(gòu)常出現(xiàn)在以 never 構(gòu)成的完成時態(tài)的動詞后面。 How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.6. 倍數(shù)表示法:. times as + 形容詞原級 + as.;. times + 形容詞比較級 + than.;. times the + 性質(zhì)名詞 + of.。The dining hall is three times as large as that one.The dining hall is three times l

8、arger than that one.The dining hall is three times the size of that one.7、 the more. the more. 表示 “ 越 越 ”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.8、 more and more. 表示 “ 越來 越 ”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.

9、Our country is getting stronger and stronger.注意事項1. 為了避免重復(fù) , 常用 the one代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 , the ones, those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞 , that 代替單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名 詞。2. 當(dāng)比較對象屬于同一范圍時, 需使用 other 來排除自身, 否則會造成與自身相比較的矛盾。 Canada is larger than any other country in North America.4. “no + 形容詞的比較級 + than” 結(jié)構(gòu)表達對兩者均否定。Don't be proud so early. You

10、are no better than me.5. 比較級前面可以用 even, still, yet , any, much, rather, a little, a lot, by far等修飾語用以加強語氣或表示比較 程度。 To tell you the truth, my boyfriend is much older than me.鞏固練習(xí):(一 寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形式:long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _brightly_ -_ bably _ _ far_ _quickly _ _ happy_ -_

11、 unhappy_(二 用所給詞的正確形式填空:1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever.2. Gold(黃金 is _ (little useful than iron(鐵 .3. My sister is two years _ (old than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young child.5. The _ (cheap bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by

12、 far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well, she sings _(well than John, but Mary sings_(well in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy in her mew house.10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive(三 選擇填空:1. He feels _ today than yesterda

13、y. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose_.A. the expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them4. The line is _ than that on

14、e.A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big asB. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big asD.as big as 49 times6. The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7. She looks _ than she does.A

15、. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garden is becoming _.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed(比賽 to see who could work _.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better

16、C. fastest and better D. faster and better10._ hurry, _speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different _.A. and it is also better B. and better than the otherC. but also than others D. from the other, and better(四 翻譯句子:1. 本書跟那本書一樣

17、有趣。 This book is _ _ _ that one.2. 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。 You cant swim _ _ _ your brother.3. 今天比昨天冷的多。 It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4. 對這個故事我比另一個喜歡的多。 This story is _ _ _ than that one.5. 他比我大兩歲。 He is _ _ _ than I.6. 這個故事不如那個有趣。 This story is _ _ _ than that one.7. 她的身體狀況一天天好起來。 He is getting _ _ _ every

18、 day.8. 他對英語越來越感興趣。 He is becoming _ _ _ _ _ English.9. 他吃的越多,人越胖。 The more he eats, the _ he gets.10. 你的問題是兩個中比較難的那個。 Your question is _ _ _ of two.根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞答題1. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _.A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest【解析】答案選

19、B 。做此題的關(guān)鍵詞是 new ,即把 “ 新來的學(xué)生 ” 與 “ 早些時候呆在這兒的學(xué)生 ” 進行比較。全 句意為:新來的這群學(xué)生比早些時候呆在這兒的那些學(xué)生表現(xiàn)得更好些。2. Do you need any help, Lucy? Yes, the job is _ I could do myself. A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than【解析】答案選 B 。做此題要抓的關(guān)鍵詞是 yes ,由于答話者對問話者的 “ 你需要幫助嗎? ” 作了肯定回答, 說明答話者獨自完成工作有困難,故填 more than。3

20、. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book.A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive【解析】答案選 B 。關(guān)鍵詞是句中的 two ,因是兩者比較,故用比較級,可將答案鎖定在 B 和 C 之間;再根 據(jù)句意,排除 C 。通過分析的隱含意思答題1. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is _ wisdom in this: “Love me,

21、 love my book.” A. some B. much C. more D. most【解析】答案選 C 。這道題出得非常巧妙,句中既沒有顯示比較級的關(guān)鍵詞,也沒有暗示用比較級的 than 。 而是將 “Love me, love my dog” 與 “Love me, love my book” 兩句進行比較, 要求考生根據(jù)這兩句話的內(nèi)容確定哪句話 更有 wisdom 。2. With April 18s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passeng

22、ers.A. good B. better C. best D. the best【解析】答案選 B 。句子大意為:由于鐵路提速了,所以高速公路和航空業(yè)要提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量來競爭客源。因 將 “ 高速公路和航空 ” 與 “ 鐵路 ” 比較,故用比較級。3. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better C. best D. well【解析】 B 。題目中將 “ 放入冰箱中冷凍 ” 與 “ 不

23、放入冰箱中冷凍 ” 作比較,故用比較級。句意為:史密斯家人 晚餐時上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷凍一下味道會更好些。4. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ one.A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known【解析】 C 。因為是從他所寫的所有歌中選出一首來比較,故用最高級。根據(jù)相關(guān)的修飾關(guān)系答題1. After two years research, we now have a _ better understandi

24、ng of the disease.A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite【解析】 B 。這四個副詞中,通常只有 far 可用于修飾比較。注:quite 有時也可用于修飾比較 better ,但它只 用于表示 “ 身體康復(fù) ” ,不用于其他意義。2. Work gets done _ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier【解析】 C 。 根據(jù)題意可知, 說話者是將 when people do

25、 it together 和 when people dont do it together 這 兩種情況比較,故選比較級。注意不要選 D ,因為在此題是要用副詞修飾動詞,不能用形容詞。另外,根據(jù)句末 的 higher too 也可知道此題是考查比較級。一、考查比較等級的基本用法1. Of the two sisters, Betty is _ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (安徽卷 A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest【解析】答案選 C 。根

26、據(jù)句中的 of the two sisters可知,此題涉及的是兩者比較,故用比較級;另外,由于是 特指兩者中的一個,故其前用定冠詞,不用不定冠詞。2. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book. (四川卷 A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive【解析】答案選 B 。因是兩者比較,故用比較級,可將答案鎖定在 B 和 C 之間;再根據(jù)句意,排除 C 。 3. Speaking of all the songs he has

27、written, I think this is probably his _ one. (全國卷 IIA. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known【解析】答案選 C 。因為是從他所寫的所有歌中選出一首來比較,故用最高級。二、在語境中考查比較等級的用法1. I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen _. (江西卷 A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst【解析】答案選 B 。既然前文說 “ 這不是最

28、最煩人的電影 ” ,那么下文說的肯定就 “ 還有更糟的 ” ,故用 worse 。 有意思的是, 2006年的這道江西卷的考題與下面這道 2004年的湖南卷極為相似:That doesnt sound very frightening. Paul, Ive seen _. What did you like most about the film? (湖南卷 A. better B. worse C. best D. worst由前句 “ 這聽起來并不十分令人恐懼 ” 可知,說話人曾見過比這個更令人恐懼的事,所以用比較級 worse 。 2. The new group of students

29、 is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. (北京卷 A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest【解析】答案選 B 。做此題的關(guān)鍵詞是 new ,即把 “ 新來的學(xué)生 ” 與 “ 早些時候呆在這兒的學(xué)生 ” 進行比較。全 句意為:新來的這群學(xué)生比早些時候呆在這兒的那些學(xué)生表現(xiàn)得更好些。3. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is _ wisdom in this: “Love me,

30、love my book.” (湖南卷 A. some B. much C. more D. most【解析】答案選 C 。由于是將 “Love me, love my dog” 與 “Love me, love my book” 進行比較,故用比較級。此題 的巧妙之處在于句中沒有出現(xiàn) than ,而是給出兩個待比較的 proverb 。4. With April 18s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers. (江蘇卷 A. good B. b

31、etter C. best D. the best【解析】答案選 B 。句子大意為:由于鐵路提速了,所以公路和航空業(yè)要提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量來競爭客源。因?qū)?“ 公 路和航空 ” 與 “ 鐵路 ” 比較,故用比較級。三、考查 “ 否定詞 +a+比較級 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)1. Your story is perfect. Ive never heard _ before. (全國卷 IIIA. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one【解析】答案選 C 。 “ 否定詞(尤其是 never +a+比較級 ” 的意思是 “ 從來沒有 一個更

32、 的 ” ,這類結(jié)構(gòu) 通常可視為在其后省略了一個 than 短語,做題時要注意根據(jù)具體的語境作出正確的理解,如:I have never read a better article. 我從未讀過(比這篇文章更好的文章(=這是我所讀過的最好的文章。 I have never seen a worse film. 我從沒看過(比這部電影更糟的電影(=這是我所看過的最糟的電影。本題中的 Ive never heard a better one before的意思是 “ 我從未聽到過(比你這個事故更好聽的事故 ” 。2. Did you enjoy yourself at the party?Yes.

33、 Ive never been to _ one before. (四川卷 A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting【解析】 答案選 C 。 Ive never been to a more exciting one before實為 Ive never been to a more exciting one before than this one. 其意為 “ 我從未參加過比這個晚會更令人興奮的晚會 ” , 即 “ 這是我參加過最令人興奮的晚會 ” 。 又如: Ive neve

34、r had a worse morning than today. 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上這樣倒霉。若意思明確,有時可省略 than 結(jié)構(gòu):He is fine, never better. 他很好,比以往任何時候都好。注意:有時根據(jù)不同語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,也可能沒有不定冠詞。如:No news could be more delightful to me. 這消息最令我高興。中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家 I have never drunk better beer. 我從來沒喝過這么好的啤酒。 四、考查比較等級的修飾語 After two years research, we now have a

35、_ better understanding of the disease. (全國卷 II A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite 【解析】 答案選 B。 這四個副詞中， 通常只有 far 可用于修飾比較級。 quite 有時也可用于修飾比較級 better， 注： 但它只用于表示“身體康復(fù)”，不用于其他意義。 五、考查相似比較級結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別 Do you need any help, Lucy? Yes. The job is _ I could do myself. (福建卷 A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. no