綜英4-7 Time to Stop Excuses for latenessPPT課件

1、2021/3/91Book 4-Unit 72021/3/92BrainstormingListeningSpeakingListening and SpeakingReturn to MenuBook 4-Unit 72021/3/93Book 4-Unit 7Work with your group to think out five to ten words/phrases/expressions about employment and career prospects.lDisciplinary matters at the workplacelTypes of employment

2、lRecruiting/FiringlPositions/Job titles2021/3/94ptake/have sick leavepstudy leavepmaternity leavepvisiting leavepleave of absencepbe punctualpleave-takingpbe absentpask for leaveptake French leavepask for/have a day offtake leave without permission Book 4-Unit 7Disciplinary Matters at the Workplace2

3、021/3/95Book 4-Unit 7p internshipp part-timep contractingp full-timep volunteeringp work-study p apprenticeship entering into an agreement (either written or spoken) on which work is to be done or supplies are to be made, e.g. an agreement made by a carpenter, a painter, a plumber or a builder with

4、their customersa combination of work andstudy offered to a high school or college student by a school so that he can gain some work experience, often used in the phrase a work-study program in American Englishthe position given to an advanced student or a recent graduate who is undergoing supervised

5、 practicaltrainingTypes of Employment2021/3/96omake inquiries about an opening/a vacancyoapply for a positionoaward (a project to a construction company)obe transferred from one department to anotherolay offodismissosackolet someone goobe made redundantobe out of work dismissal from employmentBook 4

6、-Unit 7Recruiting/Firing 2021/3/97pchairman of the boardpmembers of the boardpsecretarypclerkptechnicianspassistantpinternpsecurity guardpjanitorpsupervisor psenior engineerpleaderpchairman of the department pdean ppresidentpchief executivepgeneral managerpdepartment manager an advanced student or a

7、 recent graduate undergoing supervised practical trainingBook 4-Unit 7Positions /Job Titles2021/3/98Pre-listening ActivityDiscuss the following questions in pairs.1. What can policemen do to help us?2. What is the image of policemen in your mind? Why?Book 4-Unit 7catch thieves, help lost children, b

8、e firefighters, be detectives, get the key left in house, help the cat in the tree, keep order, direct traffic, deter potential trouble-makers, protect the interests of the public, etc.Good image: helpful, maintain order and justice, disciplined.Bad image: abusive, violent, corruption, collaboration

9、 with gangs.2021/3/99lnice guys finish last: lcitation:ldumbfounded: Book 4-Unit 7a popular saying which means that good and decent people often lose in the struggle of lifean award accompanied by a note describing the reason for it (表揚表揚/嘉獎嘉獎) people who are overwhelmed by the situation and do not

10、know what to sayNew Words and Expressions2021/3/910Listen and answer the following questions.Book 4-Unit 7 Reference Answers1. What makes John a good policeman?2. Has Johns job as a policeman been easy and safe?3. Why was John awarded citations?4. Why dont some people like policemen in Johns distric

11、t?2021/3/911Book 4-Unit 7Reference Answers John likes his job as a cop. He feels its the best job in the world. He is conscientious, has a strong sense of justice and fairness, and respects the law. John exerts himself to the utmost and tries to live up to his ideals. 1. What makes John a good polic

12、eman?2021/3/912Book 4-Unit 7No. Being a policeman in New York is difficult and dangerous. Besides, he works in a rough neighborhood. He has been shot, spit at, and hit with bottles, rocks, sticks, and Molotov Cocktails. Once he risked his life to save a man from jumping off a ledge 23 stories up fro

13、m the street.2. Has Johns job as a policeman been easy and safe?2021/3/913 Book 4-Unit 73. Why was John awarded citations? John is given awards for his bravery, his quick thinking and performance in emergencies. 4. Why dont some people like policemen in Johns district? John admits that there are bad

14、 cops on the force, cops who dont always obey the rules and who sometimes use too much force and injure people. Listening Script 2021/3/914Speaking Task 1: Talking about career Task 2: Making a decisionTask 3: Establishing new work ethic Book 4-Unit 72021/3/915Task 1Book 4-Unit 7Every job has its ad

15、vantages and disadvantages. Discuss in small groups about the positive and negative aspects of the following professions. ProfessionPositive aspectsNegative aspectsteacherfilm actordoctorbusinessmansecretarylawyer Talking about Career 2021/3/916Book 4-Unit 7Making a Decision Read the directions on p

16、age 120. Decide who you will choose as the manager. Give reasons for your decision. Use the following patterns in your talk. While Albert is not he is, nevertheless Regardless of his/her past Though both have negative traits, No one is perfect.The aim of a company isAs far as profit is concerned, Ge

17、nius is 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration.Passion is absolutely the hard and fast rule in sales promotion.What is the use of having a guy who can only 2021/3/917Book 4-Unit 7 Establishing New Work EthicMisconducts are like viruses in a workplace. They spread quietly and quickly, corrupting the pos

18、itive morale in a workplace, or the trust between employees. It is the obligation of every employee to detect and correct them. Misdemeanors at workWhat can be done? (not necessarily related to one particular misdemeanor) Suggested Points 2021/3/918Misdemeanors at workWhat can be done?reading newspa

19、pers at workno newspaperchatting at work, using MSN to chat with friends during work hours on the company computersupervisionbeing late, procrastination competition, warning, and disciplinebeing rude to customers, neglect, calloustraining absent from duty without permissionsharing stocks/share arran

20、gementBook 4-Unit 7Suggested Points2021/3/919Misdemeanors at workWhat can be done?playing computer games at workpunishmentmaking private calls on the company telephone during business hourstelephone lockplaying company politics warning, discipline, fineusing company facilities for private errandswar

21、ning, discipline, finetaking company stationary for personal usewarning, discipline, fineBook 4-Unit 72021/3/920Return to MenuBook 4-Unit 72021/3/921Book 4-Unit 72021/3/922 Pre-reading Task Comprehension Work Language WorkReading ComprehensionBook 4-Unit 7Return to Menu2021/3/923Discuss the followin

22、g questions.Book 4-Unit 7oHave you ever been late for class? What excuses did you give for your lateness?oWhy is punctuality a necessity in all public affairs in a civilized society? oHave you ever noticed the difference in peoples attitude toward the keeping of time in the rural and urban areas?Sug

23、gested Points 2021/3/924Cultural Difference in the Concept of Time Difference in Time OrientationoChina: past-oriented five thousand years brilliant cultural heritagethe importance attached to experience and wisdomrespect of the elderly, experience and old ageoWestern countries: future-oriented orig

24、inal sin: resulting from the Fall of Man, when Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit of a particular tree in the Garden of Eden.suffering on the earth, no returnthe only way out is to move forward bravely 2021/3/925Cultural Difference in the Concept of TimeDifference in time perception oWestern count

25、ries Time is a line focus on schedule, pre-arrangement, strict observance oEastern countries Time is a circle poor time management, leisureliness, flexibility 2021/3/926Cultural Difference in the Concept of TimeCultural difference in punctuality oThe extremely punctual: Germans, Dutch, Finns, Japane

26、se (exact the time or earlier)oThe punctual: Americans, Canadians, Danes, Swedes (allowance of five minutes late)oThe flexible: Italians, French, Asians, Latin Americans oThe tardy: Arabians (up to five hours late)oThe extremely tardy: Africans (several hours late, or even one or two days) 2021/3/92

27、7Are there any proverbs bound up with time in both Chinese and American cultures? 1) Time is money. 時間就是金錢。時間就是金錢。/ /一寸光陰一寸金。一寸光陰一寸金。2) Time is life and when the idle man kills time, he kills himself. 時間就是生命，懶人消耗時間就是消耗自己的生命。時間就是生命，懶人消耗時間就是消耗自己的生命。3) Time flies like an arrow, and time lost never retu

28、rns. 光陰似箭，一去不返。光陰似箭，一去不返。4) Time and tide wait for no man. 歲月不等人。歲月不等人。2021/3/928Do you know what Americans do with time? 1) They commit themselves to creating a steady flow of time-saving devices, such as 2) They seldom waste time assessing others over small talks or meals; 3) They carry around the

29、ir pocket planners to keep track of appointments and deadlines;4) They do their utmost to squeeze more life out of their time; 5) They see punctuality as the soul of business; 6) They always do their business in a hurry 2021/3/929Book 4-Unit 7Suggested PointsThe importance of punctuality a. efficien

30、cy (e.g. In factories or offices, some work may involve many people, so if one person is late, the work will have to be postponed.)b. respect (In many cultures, people are expected to be punctual since lateness means wasting other peoples time.)c. competition (e.g. If one store opens and closes at a

31、 regular time, people will trust it. Otherwise, customers will be doubtful about its discipline or quality.)d. order (Punctuality certainly is a very important discipline in most workplaces. Otherwise, companies, schools, and offices would be in chaos.)2021/3/930Book 4-Unit 72. Urban/rural differenc

32、esUrban: more punctualPossible reasons: more cooperation, higher efficiency, intense competition, more complex human relationship, etc. (Basically, most jobs in cities are concerned with human relationships; therefore, people have to obey the public rules in order to gain social or economic success.

33、)Rural: less punctualPossible reasons: less competitive or urgent, less sophisticated human relationship, etc. 2021/3/931oText Organization oProbe the StoryoEssay QuestionsoDifficult SentencesBook 4-Unit 72021/3/932Book 4-Unit 7Text OrganizationListen to the text and summarize the main idea of each

34、part.Para. 1Para. 2-5Para. 6 Para. 7Para.8-14Raising the problem for discussion. Providing background of the issue. The writer begins to raise his major position on the issue. Para.15-16Conclusion: call for punctuality management Analysis of why “being late” should not be excused in business managem

35、ent in Asian cultures. Transition 2021/3/933Essay QuestionsBook 4-Unit 7oDiscuss questions on page 123 and then write down your opinions in the exercise book.2021/3/934Detailed Analysis Para. 12021/3/935Main Idea Raising the problem for discussionWhat is the problem facing a manager? Should he be pa

36、tient or take disciplinary action against those habitually late for work?2021/3/936ocultureocultural omulticultural多元文化多元文化的的ocross-cultural 跨文化跨文化的的ocultural backgroundocultural differenceocultural communicationomulticultural societyomulticultural environment ocross-cultural communication 2021/3/93

37、7oconcept of time 時間觀念時間觀念otake disciplinary action 采取懲罰措施采取懲罰措施2021/3/938Detailed Analysis Para. 252021/3/939Main Idea Providing background of the issue1. According to the scholars, what is the Asian concept of time? Asians live more in the ancient past or in the distant future. They view life as a

38、 passing moment and prefer a steady pace.2. How do Westerners view time? Westerners live more in the present and the near future. They always have immediate and urgent objectives to achieve with time-pressing schedules or deadlines.2021/3/940Book 4-Unit 73. What figure of speech does the writer use

39、to illustrate the cultural difference regarding the concept of time? The writer uses a number of metaphors to make his point: neurotic slavery indicates being abnormally bound to tight schedules; the sense of zero gravity refers to the freedom of spending ones time at will; ones life course is compa

40、red to a long journey; and the next hill suggests something within reach. 2021/3/941approach1. come nearer, move towards靠近，接近2. make advances to sb. (about sth)找商量（聯(lián)系）3. begin to deal with 著手處理，開始對付o他小心地走近那房子。 He cautiously approached the house. o瑪麗找你商量過有關借錢給她的事嗎? Did Mary approach you about lending

41、 her some money? o他從科學家的角度來處理這一問題。 He approached the question as a scientist. 2021/3/942Difficult SentencesBook 4-Unit 71. Asians try to avoid a neurotic slavery to time, viewing life as a passing moment in eternity. They enjoy the sense of “zero gravity” that comes from travelling without an immedi

42、ate goal or an urgent objective.亞洲人盡力避免成為時間的神經(jīng)質的奴隸。生活在他們看來只是永亞洲人盡力避免成為時間的神經(jīng)質的奴隸。生活在他們看來只是永恒中的匆匆一瞬。他們喜歡旅游所帶來的那種恒中的匆匆一瞬。他們喜歡旅游所帶來的那種“失重失重”感感, 沒有近沒有近期目標，也沒有緊急任務。期目標，也沒有緊急任務。 slavery slave (to sth)slave to mortgageslave to credit cardsslave to childrena concept from physics. It means a situation in whic

43、h anobject is not subject to the pull of a mass, such as the earth, like the experience of the spaceman walking in the spacean attitude in life which makes one bound to busy schedules, rush to meet the deadlines all the time so that one has no leisure or freedom to enjoy life2021/3/943a matter of oS

44、afety precautions are observed as a matter of course. a matter of course: sth done as a routine, nothing special 理所當然的事，例行的事oIt is not a matter of life and death to have failed the exam.a matter of life and death: a very serious matteroIt is a matter of record that Paris is a romantic city.a matter

45、of record: sth generally believed to be true 有記錄可查的事，事實2021/3/944oover the next hill: not far away 在不遠的前方 a metaphor that means achievable with one efforte.g. Success is over the next hill. oover the hill 正在衰落，度過危機e.g. He is over the hill as a professional athlete.She was very ill for two weeks but

46、she is over the hill now.2021/3/945Detailed Analysis Para. 6 The writer begins to raise his major position on the issue. 2021/3/946But how does this insight, so studiously compiled by academics, relate to the need for punctuality in the office？Westerners and Asians approach time differently. (the th

47、eory) is worked out painstakingly by scholars study - studious 好學的，仔細好學的，仔細 - studiously 認真的，仔細地認真的，仔細地詞根：詞根：point，punct = point,make sharp, 表示表示“點，變尖點，變尖” acupuncture n 針灸（針灸（acu 尖尖+punct+ure用針尖點用針尖點針灸）針灸） punctual a 準時的（準時的（punct+ual到點上到點上準點的）準點的） punctuality npuncture v 穿孔，刺穿（穿孔，刺穿（punct+ure點點進去進

48、去刺穿）刺穿） punctilious a 謹小慎微的（謹小慎微的（punct+ilious做事做事點滴不漏點滴不漏小心的）小心的） compunction n 后悔，悔恨（后悔，悔恨（com 共同共同+punct+ion渾身像針刺一樣渾身像針刺一樣悔恨）悔恨） punctuate v 加標點（加標點（punct+uate加上點加上點加標點）加標點）2021/3/947outlook1. the view from a place景色，景觀2. prospect展望，前景3. a mental attitude or point of view觀點，見解oI have a good outlo

49、ok from my bedroom. 我的臥室有很好的窗景。oHe has a broad outlook on life. 他的人生觀十分豁達。oThe outlook for the economy is bright. 經(jīng)濟前景光明。2021/3/948justify: to prove or see to be just or valid, show to be reasonable證明.是正當?shù)?為.辯護;是.的正當理由+v-ingo你如何解釋你的粗魯行為呢? How can you justify your rude behavior? o那些編輯有充分的理由拒絕你的作品。 Th

50、e editors are justified in refusing your work. oThere is no justification for his absence. 他沒有理由缺席。 Derivation just (adj.公正，合理的)justify v. justification (n. 正當?shù)睦碛? 辯解的理由) justified (adj.有正當理由的，合理的 )Sentence PatternIt is justified for sb to do sth.sb. is justified in doing sth. 2021/3/949Detailed Ana

51、lysis Para. 7 Transition 2021/3/950tolerate: vt. be able to bear, permit 容許，忍受，容忍容許，忍受，容忍 - tolerance (for/of/toward) 寬容，忍耐寬容，忍耐- tolerant (adj. of/to/towards) o老師不容許在課堂上吃東西。 The teacher cannot tolerate eating on the class.o他具有幽默感又能寬容和忍耐。 He has a sense of humor plus tolerance and patience.o她容忍不同的意見

52、。 She was tolerant of different views. 2021/3/951Book 4-Unit 72. But this is unwarranted in an urban civilization. It would give credence to the academic literature that implies the time orientation in such a culture is inferior to that in the West.但是這在城市文明中是站不住腳的，它將使人相信此種文化的時但是這在城市文明中是站不住腳的，它將使人相信此

53、種文化的時間觀念比西方的時間觀念遜色這一學術論調。間觀念比西方的時間觀念遜色這一學術論調。 recommendation, credentials; e.g. a letter of credence. 介紹信介紹信give credence to 相信，接受相信，接受e.g. Dont give credence to all the gossip you hear. a tendency of thought; a general inclination;e.g. a Marxist orientation 馬克思主義傾向馬克思主義傾向 value orientation 價值取向價值取向

54、 sexual orientation 性取向性取向having no justification; groundless; e.g. unwarranted interference 無理干涉無理干涉2021/3/952詞根：詞根：creed，cred = believe，trust表示表示“相信相信,信信任任”ocreed n 信條；綱領（信條；綱領（creed 相信相信信條）信條）ocredential n 憑據(jù)憑據(jù);（pl)國書國書 （cred+ential表形容詞或名表形容詞或名 詞詞讓人相信的東西讓人相信的東西憑據(jù)）憑據(jù)）ocredence n 相信；信用（相信；信用（cred+e

55、nce相信）相信）ocredit n 信任；學分（信任；學分（cred+it表名詞）表名詞） - discredit v 不信任不信任 - creditable a 可以信任的（可以信任的（credit相信相信+able能能的）的）ocredible a 可靠的，可信的（可靠的，可信的（cred 相信相信+ible能能的）的） - incredible 不可相信的，難以置信的，不可思議的不可相信的，難以置信的，不可思議的oaccredit v 委任；信任（委任；信任（ac給予給予+credit給予相信給予相信委任）委任）ocredulous a 輕信的（輕信的（cred+ulous多多的的相信

56、太多相信太多輕信輕信的）的）2021/3/953Detailed Analysis Para. 814 Analysis of why “being late” should not be excused in business management in Asian cultures.2021/3/954Book 4-Unit 7 Does the writer agree to the claim that unpunctuality is related to a certain cultural outlook? Why?The writer does not agree to the

57、 claim. He thinks that whether a person is punctual or not has nothing to do with his cultural outlook, because observance of time and philosophical perception of time are two different things. 2021/3/955Book 4-Unit 7 How do Asians and Westerners react to unpunctuality? Asians tend to be more tolera

58、nt of bad punctuality and are more ready to accept a latecomers dubious excuses, while Westerners view bad punctuality as an undesirable practice and believe that it shows that a person is not trustworthy or dependable.2021/3/956Book 4-Unit 7 What is the writers view on punctuality in the business w

59、orld? The writer thinks that in daily life it is up to an individual whether to be punctual or not, but in an office environment people must respect the keeping of time.2021/3/957We do not think they are taking our friendship or affection for granted. We do not consider them guilty of disrespect. Wh

60、at is worse, we let them exonerate themselves with dubious excuses. take sth. for granted認為認為理所當然，想當然理所當然，想當然e.g. Dont take his help for granted. I take it for granted that they have arrived there already. exonerate：exempt使免使免罪罪,免除免除 e.g. exonerate sb. from blame/responsibility我們不會認為他們不把我們的友誼和親情當回事兒