高考必考英語語法大全

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高考必考英語語法大全虛擬語氣在各種從句的應(yīng)用主語從句的虛擬1. It is + adj. + that sb. (should) do常見的形容詞有：necessary, important, strange, naturalIt's important that he take my advice.2. It is + n. + that sb. (should) do常見的名詞有：a pity, a shame, no wonder, one's wishIt's a pity that he be so silly.3. It is +

2、done + that sb. (should) do常見的過去分詞有：suggested, advised, demanded, requested, required, asked, ordered,proposed, decided, desired, insisted等。It's requested that she go home as soon as possible.賓語從句的虛擬1. 表命令，表建議，表要求的動詞，后接賓語從句虛擬。虛擬的構(gòu)成為(should) do。I advise that he stay at home.2. wish后接從句，虛擬的構(gòu)成是往過去推

3、一個時態(tài)。I wish I had watched the football match last night.注意以下幾組詞或短語用于虛擬語氣中。1. as if, as thoughHe speaks English as if he were a native speaker.2. otherwise, but, even thoughHe was ill. Otherwise he would have been there.3. with, without, but forWithout your help, I would have died two years ago.But f

4、or your help, I would have died two years ago.4. would rather I'd rather you told me yourself.5. It's time thatIt's time that you went to bed.It's time that you should go to bed.表語從句中的虛擬在表語從句中，表示間接的命令，要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(sh

5、ould)+動詞原形"。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.名詞從句部分：1. that不可省略的情況2. that引導(dǎo)同位語從句和that引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別：同位語從句中的that是連詞，不做成分，只連接主從句，不能省略;定語從句中的that要代替先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或者表語，并且做賓語時可以省略。從語義上看，同位語從句是對前面名詞的解釋、說明或內(nèi)容;而定語從句時對前面名詞的限定。We should consider the studentsrequest that the school library pro

6、vide more books onpopular science. (that引導(dǎo)同位語從句)The only hope that he expressed was that they would do what they could to help the peoplein disaster areas. (that引導(dǎo)定語從句)3. 要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是謂語動詞判斷從句的類型：What is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.本句含有一個主語從句和一個表語從句，主句的動詞為is。It

7、is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.本句含有一個主語從句，主句的動詞為is known to。As is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.本句含有一個定語從句，主句的動詞為took place，as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。4. 名詞性從句的語序和語態(tài)。名詞性從句均應(yīng)用陳述語序，不能用疑問語序，其時態(tài)應(yīng)該和主句時態(tài)保持一致。5. 名詞性從句中連詞的省略。介詞后的連詞以及引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略

8、。that引導(dǎo)名詞從句(除了引導(dǎo)第一個賓語從句可省略外)都不可省略，但是引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做賓語時可以省略。that不能省略的情況：1)介詞后面的that不能省略：Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.2)當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句位于句首時：That he ever did such a thing I dont believe.3)主句謂語動詞和that從句之間有插入語，that不省略：She said that, if she failed, she would try again.4)當(dāng)賓語從句有其他

9、從屬連詞時，that不省略：He told me that if it was necessary they would work extra time.6.名詞性從句中it的使用：為了保持句子平衡，多數(shù)情況下，it作形式主語或形式賓語，將真正的主語或賓語從句后置。定語從句關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why。(1)that指物時一般可與which互換，但在下列情況下，要用that而不用which。a. 先行詞有all, everything等不定代詞時，如，Everything (that) he did i

10、s wrong.b. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時，如，I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.c. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時，This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.d. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時，如He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.e. 只用which的情況在介詞后或在非限定性

11、定語從句中This is the book about which we have talked a lot.The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.f. where和when作關(guān)系副詞This is the room where I worked.This is the room which I stayed in.I remembered the day when we lived there.I remembered the day that I spent there.g. as和whichas 可以放于句首，

12、而which 不可以As you know, he is good at English.three of them 和three of whichI have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.(2. )“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的情況：在固定短語中介詞不能提前;判斷介詞的口訣：瞻前顧后看意義瞻前看先行詞;顧后找從句動詞;看意義看全句表達(dá)含義(3. )先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語時，關(guān)系詞用where 或者介詞加which;先行詞在從句

13、中充當(dāng)時間狀語時，關(guān)系詞用when或者介詞加which;先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語時，關(guān)系詞用why或者for which。(4. )注意as和which在非限制性定語從句中代表主句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容的區(qū)別：位置不同：as從句放在主句前或后均可;而which從句只能放在主句后作用不同：as從句動詞常常是see know等，因而相當(dāng)于插入語;which從句則在陳述一件事實。狀語從句部分1.while 是高考中的高頻詞，它既可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)并列句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”。2. no matter wh- 與wh-ever 的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：no matter wh- 只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從

14、句，此時與wh-ever通用。wh-ever又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，No matter wh-不能。No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.3. 在條件，時間和讓步從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時，用一般過去時表過去將來時。在since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，動詞一般都用一般過去時，而主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時。4. 狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況：否定詞開頭;so 加adj. 開頭;as /though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。5. 連詞before小結(jié)：We had s

15、ailed four days before we saw land. (才)We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. (不到就)Please write it down before you forget it. (趁)Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. (還沒來得及)It will be/wasbefore要過多久才6. because, since, as 引導(dǎo)原因從句的區(qū)別：because表達(dá)直接原因，語氣最強，回答why;since通常放句首，譯為“既然”;as引導(dǎo)不談自明的原因

16、，語氣最弱;7. as可以引導(dǎo)多種從句，要注意其中的區(qū)別。8. till, until和notuntil的區(qū)別;if和unless的區(qū)別。非謂語動詞部分動詞不定式幾點注意。1.下列動詞或動詞短語后接不定式：agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay,expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to,would like to等。2. 不定式常用的句型：tooto do (太而不能), enough to do

17、(夠就能), so as to do/in order to do(為了)，soas to do/suchas to do(如此結(jié)果)。3. 不定式的三個結(jié)構(gòu)：即否定結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)。否定結(jié)構(gòu)為“not (never) to do”;疑問結(jié)構(gòu)是特殊疑問詞“how (what, which, who, whether) to do”;復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是“for/ of +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ to do ”。4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listen to/ look at/ watch/feel這些動詞帶不定式作賓補時，省掉to

18、, 若這些動詞以被動形式出現(xiàn)時，應(yīng)加上to。5. 當(dāng)前面是the first, the second, the last, need, plan, time, chance, right,determination,ability, opportunity(機會)，way時，一般用不定式作定語。6. but/ except + to do/ do 結(jié)構(gòu)，要根據(jù)謂語動詞來確定其后面的形式。當(dāng)謂語動詞是do,does, did時，but后用動詞原形;謂語動詞是其他動詞時，but后用“to + 動詞原形”的形式。7. 形容詞后一般用不定式(除busy, worth 兩個外)。You are sure

19、 to succeed. 你一定能成功。He is busy preparing his lessons at present. 他現(xiàn)在正忙于預(yù)習(xí)功課。8. 不定式作定語和表語時，有時需要在后面放上一個適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。This is a bench to sit on.(這是用來坐的凳子。)This room is comfortable to live in. (這個房間住起來很舒適。)9. 在“主語+系動詞+adj.+不定式”這個句型中，當(dāng)主語是不定式的邏輯賓語時，不定式不用被動，不能在動詞后再放賓語。The question is easy to answer. (question是answ

20、er的賓語，不能說：The question is easy to be answered. 也不能說：The question is easy to answer it .)語法考點高頻答案詞 避開語法的干擾，平均輕松多得3-7分!Where是高頻答案詞!1.從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.2.關(guān)系副詞。用于定從。There were dirty marks on her trousers where she had wiped her b

21、ands.3.連接副詞，用于名詞性從句。You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is where I disagree.2011陜西卷I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A.which B. where C. who D.that2010全國We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. tha

22、t B. which C. what D. where2010全國Have you finished the book?-No,Ive read up to_the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what C.that D.where2010江蘇I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.

23、what2010重慶Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. when B. where C. how D. what2009江蘇 _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until高頻句型核心詞對完形和單選有快速突破作用,同時對作文造句起到立竿見影的功效!Its (There

24、s ) no use / good doingIts (Theres) no sense / point (in) doingno wonder難怪hurry不著急doubt毫無疑問excuse沒有理由(借口)way決不delay毫不猶豫2008江蘇I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid.Thats OK, theres _.A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurryno problem意思是 “沒問題”, 通常單獨使用或用Thats no problem;(Its) no wonde

25、r意思是 “難怪”;There is no doubt意思是 “毫無疑問”。答案D2003北京_Im sorry I stepped outside for a smoke.I was very tired.There is no_ for this while you are on duty.A.reason B.excuse C.cause D.explanationexcuse理由、借口。說話人意為：你在值班的時候是沒有任何理由出去的。reason原因;cause事情起因;explanation解釋, 與句意不符。答案B2006全國It is no arguing with Bill b

26、ecause he will never change his mind.A. use B. help C.time D.wayit is no use后接動詞+ing形式或動詞+ing形式短語表示做某事沒有用。help意為 “幫助”。time意為 “時間”。way意為 “方法”。答案A2009福建The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009. =with noA. delay B. effort

27、C. schedule D. considerationdelay：耽擱, 延誤;effort：努力;schedule：時間表;consideration：考慮, 體諒;關(guān)心。當(dāng)H1N1型2009年4月襲擊墨西哥時, 世界衛(wèi)生組織毫不猶豫地向人們提出了警告。選A。閱讀詞匯題及完形熟詞僻義高頻考點您知道的sense是感官的意思,point是小數(shù)點的意思,如果你不知道他們的僻義是意義的話,下面的高考完形真題,您能答對嗎?(2008·安徽卷)What is the 52 of studying towns in the way? For me, it is simply that one

28、gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with ones own eyes. A personal visit to a town may help one better understand why it is attractive than just reading about it in a guide-book.52. A. point B. view C. problem D. difficulty(2004·重慶卷)“This scar will be lasting,but to t

29、his day, I have never regretted what I did.”At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her mother in his arms and felt a great _54_ of the sacrifice that his mother had made for him. He held her hand tightly for the tightly of the day.54.A honor

30、B.sense C.happiness D.pride#P#再舉個例子serve是服務(wù)的意思, 如果你不知道他們的僻義是端飯, 端菜端酒等及 對起作用的話, 下面的高考完形真題,您可能同樣會選錯的! 若想知道更多詳盡的高頻歸納請立即購買2012吳軍高考英語高頻答案詞一本通教案!(2008·四川卷).Clearly I had made mistakes. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become m

31、ore important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire to win 34 me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.34 A offered B served C controlled D taught(2006·全國卷I)A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second, walked into the water to

32、set the table and take their order,and then walked back to the loud cheers of the rest of his customers. Minutes later he returned carrying a bottle of wine and two glasses. Without pausing, he went once more into the water to 50 the wine.The couple toasted each other ,the waiter and the crowd50. A. change B. drink C. sell D. serve(2004·全國卷I)It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics (題目) , "The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面條) " caught my eye. The word "spaghe