玻璃纖維基本知識(shí)

1、一、什么是玻璃纖維I. What is fiberglass?n材料分類 Material Category n產(chǎn)品品種 Product categoryn主要性能 Main propertiesn主要產(chǎn)品 Main products1、材料分類 Material category Steel鋼鐵 Metal 金屬 Nonferrous metals有色金屬 Organic materials有機(jī)材料Materials Fiberglass玻璃纖維玻璃纖維材料 FRP/High performance composites Nonmetal Special glass/deep-process

2、ed glass 非金屬 Inorganic Special ceramic materials Artificial crystal 無機(jī)材料 Synthetic mica Laser crystal Special cementing material 2、產(chǎn)品品種Product category Medium-Alkali fiberglass (C)中堿中堿 Continuous fiberglass Alkali-free fiberglass (E)無堿無堿 連續(xù)玻璃纖維 High-Alkali fiberglass (A)高堿 Staple fiberglass & gl

3、ass wool玻璃棉Fiberglass玻璃纖維 High-strength fiberglass (S) 高強(qiáng) High-modulus fiberglass (M）高模量 High-silica fiberglass高硅氧 Special fiberglass Alkali & corrosion resistant fiberglass 抗堿 特種玻璃纖維 Optical communication fiberglass光通信 Light-guide fiberglass光導(dǎo)3、玻璃材料 Glass-making materialsn中堿玻璃原料 C-glass raw mat

4、erialso中堿玻璃球 C-glass marbleo中堿玻璃粉料 C-glass batcho中堿廢絲 C-glass recycled waste fibern無堿玻璃原料 E-glass raw materialso無堿玻璃球 E-glass marbleo無堿玻璃粉料 E-glass batcho無堿廢絲 E-glass recycled waster fiber3.1 中堿玻璃粉料C-glass Raw materialsn石英砂 Quartz sand：SiO2n鈉長(zhǎng)石 Albite：AL2O3 、Na2On白云石 Dolomite：CaO MgO n石灰石 Limestone：

5、CaO n瑩石 Fluorspar：CaF2 n純堿 Soda ash：Na2CO3 n硝酸鈉 Sodium nitrate：NaNO3 n無水硫酸鈉 Anhydrous sodium sulfate：Na2SO4 n氧化鈰 Ceria：CeO2 3.2 無堿玻璃粉料 E-Glass raw materialsn高嶺土/葉臘石 Clay/Pyrophyllite：AL2O3 、SiO2n硼鈣石 Colemanite：B2O3、CaOn石灰石 Limestone：CaO n瑩石 Fluorspar：CaF2、SiO2、CaCO3 n石英砂 Quartz sand：SiO2n純堿 Soda ash

6、：Na2CO3 n無水硫酸鈉 Anhydrous sodium sulfate ：Na2SO43.3 玻璃成分 Glass composition3.3 成分與作用 Components and their functionso氧化硅SiO2：物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)、骨架 Basis and matrixo氧化鋁Al2O3 ：降析晶和膨脹系數(shù),提高穩(wěn)定性和強(qiáng)度o to reduce recrystallization and expansiono coefficient and increase stability and strength o氧化鈣氧化鎂 ：降低高溫時(shí)粘度，促進(jìn)熔化、澄清、提高拉絲速度 C

7、aO/ MgO: To reduce viscosity at high temperature and promote melting, refining and increase winding speed. o氧化硼B(yǎng)2Oo氧化鐵Fe2O3 o堿金屬；助熔，提高流動(dòng)性 o Na2O/K2O ； To aid melting and increase fluidity4、主要產(chǎn)品 Main productsp 合股無捻粗紗p 直接無捻粗紗p 短切原絲p 無捻粗紗布p 縫編短切氈p 短切原絲氈p 縫編復(fù)合氈p 細(xì)紗4.1 主要產(chǎn)品合股無捻粗紗合股無捻粗紗 Main products Asse

8、mbled roving噴射噴射 Spray up Roving (SP)纏繞纏繞 Filament winding roving( FW)拉擠拉擠 Pultrusion (PL)SMC roving (Roving for SMC)HOBAS管道管道 Roving for HOBAS pipes (HS)膨體膨體 Textured roving (BY)透明板材透明板材 Panel roving (TS)熱塑性增強(qiáng)熱塑性增強(qiáng) Roving for thermoplastics (RP) Roving for GMT (GMT)4.2 主要產(chǎn)品直接無捻粗紗直接無捻粗紗 Main product

9、s- direct roving纏繞纏繞 Filament winding roving (FW)拉擠拉擠 Pultrusion roving (PL)織布織布 Roving for woven roving (WR)4.3 主要產(chǎn)品短切原絲 Main products Chopped strands團(tuán)狀模塑料團(tuán)狀模塑料 Bulk molding compound （BM） 熱塑性增強(qiáng)熱塑性增強(qiáng) Thermoplastic reinforcement (TP)濕法短切濕法短切 Wet chop (WS)增強(qiáng)水泥增強(qiáng)水泥 Reinforced cement (RC )4.4 主要產(chǎn)品布?xì)?Mai

10、n products fabric & mat 無捻粗紗布無捻粗紗布 Woven rovingEWR 縫編短切氈縫編短切氈Stitched chopped strand matEMK 短切原絲氈短切原絲氈Chopped strand matEMC 縫編復(fù)合氈縫編復(fù)合氈Stitched combo matEMK（0，90）4.5 主要產(chǎn)品其它 Main products - Others細(xì)紗細(xì)紗Continuous filament yarn一般指單纖維直徑一般指單纖維直徑9微米以下的玻璃纖維紗，包微米以下的玻璃纖維紗，包括括G75紗、紗、D450紗、紗、E225紗等，織成紗等，織成76

11、28布、布、2116布、布、1080布等。布等。主要用于電子行業(yè)，增強(qiáng)覆銅板基板，部份為工主要用于電子行業(yè)，增強(qiáng)覆銅板基板，部份為工業(yè)用布。業(yè)用布。二、玻璃纖維行業(yè)的歷史 II. History of fiberglass industryn國(guó)際發(fā)展 International developmentn國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展 Domestic developmentn市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Market competitionn行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 Industry current status1、國(guó)際發(fā)展 International developmento2000多年前，古埃及手工拉制玻纖做裝飾材料；oOver 2000 yea

12、rs ago, Egyptians manually made fiberglass as ornament materialo20世紀(jì)30年代，美國(guó)發(fā)明了鉑坩堝拉制工藝技術(shù)；oIn the 1930s, Americans invented the technology of producing fiberglass with platinum crucibleso1938年美國(guó)成立OWENS CORNING，具有工業(yè)性規(guī)模，用于絕緣材料；oIn 1938 Owens Corning Co was established in USA which had a industrial scale

13、 of fiberglass production for insulation application.o二戰(zhàn)后工業(yè)普及，成立了圣哥本（法）、皮爾金頓（英）、日東紡（日）等；oAfter World War II, the industrial production of fiberglass became popular and St. Gobain(France), Pilkington (Great Britain),Nittobo(Japan) started to produce fiberglass.o 19591960年， OWENS CORNING和PPG公司相繼建成了玻璃纖

14、維池窯。o In 1959 and 1960, Owens Corning and PPG built fiberglass furnaces.2、國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展Domestic developmento20世紀(jì)50年代后期，我國(guó)玻璃纖維工業(yè)誕生，采用陶土坩堝法和鎳鉻合金孔板法生產(chǎn)；oIn late 1950s, the fiberglass industry started in China and the fiberglass then was produced with clay crucibles and nickel-chrome alloy nozzle plateso20世紀(jì)60年代中

15、期，研制成功代鉑坩堝法生產(chǎn)工藝；oIn the middle of 1960s, the platinum-substitute crucible process was inventedo20世紀(jì)90年代初，池窯法開始在中國(guó)普及。oIn the 1990s, the fiberglass furnaces became popular in China 3、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Market competitorso國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手歐文斯.康寧（美）、PPG（美）、圣哥本（法）oInternational competitors Owens Corning, PPG , St. Gobaino國(guó)內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手巨

16、石、泰山、重慶 oDomestic competitors: Jushi,Taishan fiberglass, CPIC4、行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 Industry current statuso奠基于上世紀(jì)30年代末，已成獨(dú)立工業(yè)體系。 The industry established itself in 1930s and has formed into an independent industry system.o目前有數(shù)千個(gè)品種與規(guī)格、5萬多種用途，成為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)材料家族中重要的一員。oAt present there are thousands of product types and spec

17、ifications and over 50,000 applications and fiberglass has become an important member in the modern industrial material family.三、玻璃纖維有什么用處？III. What is fiberglass for?n交通運(yùn)輸 Transportationn建筑建材 Constructionn電氣工業(yè) Electricaln機(jī)械工業(yè) Engineeringn石油化工 Petroleum & chemicaln休閑文化 Leisure and sportsn國(guó)防科技 Defence四、玻璃纖維