非謂語動詞之動名詞

1、非謂語動詞之動名詞(一做主語和表語。動名詞短語用and連起來做主語時,謂語用復數(shù)形式。例如:Fishing in this lake is forbidden.在Its no use; Its (no good; Its useless ; Its (not wise; Its (not worthwhile; Its of great (no, little importance 等習慣表達中,It為形式主語,而將做主語的動名詞短語放在后面。例如:Its no use /good ringing her up now. 現(xiàn)在給她打電話沒用了。It is of great importance

2、 fighting against pollution.(二動名詞短語作賓語。常用的能接動名詞的動詞有:admit承認,appreciate 感激,avoid 避免,advise 建議,cant help 不禁,celebrate 慶祝,consider 考慮,complete 完成,contemplate沉思、打算,defer推遲,delay 延期,deny 否認,detest 痛恨, discontinue 停止,dislike不喜歡,dispute不同意,endure 忍耐,enjoy 喜歡,escape 逃脫,excuse 原諒,fancy想象,feel like 想要,finish結(jié)

3、束,嚴禁,forgive 原諒, hinder 阻礙,imagine想象,keep 保持,mention 提到,mind 在意,miss 錯過, pardon 饒恕、原諒,permit允許,postpone 推遲,practise 實踐、練習,prevent 阻止,recall 回憶,report報告,resent 怨恨,resist抵制、阻止,risk冒險,stop 停止,suggest 建議,understand 明白、理解,等等。David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt. 戴維建議賣掉你的狗和車抵債。(我們把這句話改

4、為虛擬語氣:David suggested that you (should sell your dog and car to pay the debt. 下列動詞既可用動詞不定式又可用動名詞做賓語:abhor憎惡,attempt 試圖,begin 開始,cannot bear 無法忍受,cannot stand 無法忍受,cease停止,continue,繼續(xù),decline 拒絕,deserve值得,disdain蔑視, dread害怕,endure忍耐,forget忘記,hate 痛恨,intend打算,learn學,like 喜歡,loathe厭惡,love喜歡,mean意思是、意味著

5、,need需要,neglect疏忽,omit 省略,忽略,plan計劃,prefer更喜歡,propose建議,regret后悔,remember記得, require需要,scorn蔑視、瞧不起,start開始,try嘗試,努力,entail必須,involve 涉及,necessitate使成為必要,等。以上多數(shù)動詞用不定式或用動名詞作賓語意思一樣,個別不同。(三動名詞短語作介詞賓語的時候最多。尤其是在短語動詞后面。如:The children are fond of listening to pop music. 孩子們喜歡流行音樂。Are you interested in going

6、 to the show? 你有興趣去看演出嗎?Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way. 托馬斯堅持按他自己的方法做這件把這句話改為虛擬語氣:Thomas insisted that he (should do it in his own way. Excuse me for interrupting you. 請原諒我打擾你,Since returning from Xian, he has been busy. 從西安回來后,他一直很忙。He warned me against swimming in this lake. 他警告我不要在這個湖

7、里游泳。We came out without being seen. 我們出來沒被人看見。(四動名詞也可以有自己的邏輯主語,就是在動名詞短語前面加上物主代詞或名詞的所有格。帶邏輯主語的動名詞短語可做主語,賓語,表語等。在非正式文體當中,經(jīng)常把物主代詞簡化為賓格人稱代詞,把名詞所有格簡化為名詞。例如:I insisted on his (him going to the cinema with me. 我堅持要他和我一起去看I can hardly imagine Peter(Peters sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.Linda

8、s coming will do you good.(主語 林達的到來對你有好處。What made him angry was their (them laughing.(表語使他生氣的是他們笑。(五動名詞的完成式和被動語態(tài):(1完成式表示動名詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。例如:I apologize for having broken my promise. 我沒有遵守諾言,我道歉。(2當動名詞的邏輯主語是動名詞動作的對象或承受者時,動名詞要用被動語態(tài)。例如:I could no longer stand being treated like that. 我再也不能忍受被那樣對待。(六某些動

9、詞可接不定式也可接動名詞做賓語,但意義有差別。(1like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜愛,厭惡的動詞后面,可用動名詞也可用不定式作賓語,意義差別不大。但當這些詞前面有should或would時,一定要用動詞不定式作賓語。表示想要,愿意,打算。例如:She likes dancing. But she wouldnt like to dance with you.(2 forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(未做forget doing sth.忘記做過某事(已做(3remember to do sth.記著去做某事remember doing sth. 記得做過某事

10、(4stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停止做某事(5 regret to do sth. 對尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遺憾;regret doing sth. 對已做的事情表示后悔I regret saying that. 我后悔說了那話。I regret to tell you the following truth. 我非常遺憾地告訴你下面這個事實。(6try to do sth努力去做某事try doing sth.做某事試一試(7 mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事mean doing sth.意味著做某事(8 go on

11、to do sth.做了一件事又去做另一件go on doing sth繼續(xù)做原來的事情現(xiàn)在做一些練習:1.根據(jù)括號里的漢語意思用動名詞填空:1(游泳is a very enjoyable exercise. (Swimming2 His work is (修自行車. (Repairing bicycles3 Europeans uses an knife and a fork (吃肉. (for eating meat4 We will only succeed by (努力工作. (working hard5 I don t want to force you into (做違反你愿意做的

12、事情. (doing something against your will6 Tom hates (早晨9點以后起床. (getting up before 9 o clock7 I could t help (遲到. (being late8 (等著沒用 there won t be another bus. (Its no use waiting9 Are you against (今天開會. (having the meeting today10 Instead of (挨批評, she ought to be praised. (being criticized2. 用動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)將下

13、列句子譯成英語:1她聽見敲門聲,停止了工作去開門。When she heard the knocking at the door, she stopped working to open thedoor.2謝謝你給我寫信。Thank you for writing to me.3雨停了,太陽開始出來了。It stopped raining and the sun began to shine.4希望你原諒我問了這么多問題。I hope you will excuse me for having asked all these questions.5你要吃點什么,別不好意思說。If you wa

14、nt something to eat, dont be shy of saying so.6我一向很喜歡在這里工作。I have always enjoyed working here.7我建議再等半個小時。I suggest waiting for another half an hour.8我不得不認為(believe又一不幸事件將要發(fā)生。I cant help believing that another unlucky event will happen.9我盼望著收到他的信。I am looking forward to receiving his letters.10那輛汽車需要

15、修理。That car wants fixing up (repairing.11我記得我們離開房間之前把燈關(guān)上了。I remember switching off the lights before we left the room.12你對早起已經(jīng)很習慣了。You are quite used to getting up early.13中國球迷們正盼望見到這些足球明星。Chinese football (soccer fans are looking forward to seeing the football stars.14光線夠好的,可以看書。The light is good e

16、nough for reading.15作為一個中國人,他感到驕傲。He is proud of being a Chinese.16我善于游泳。I am good at swimming.17他嘗試過(try ones hand at寫一本書。He has tried his hand at writing a book.18我真的記得去年和他見過面。I do remember meeting him last year.19把門打開,讓貓出去好嗎?(Do you mindDo you mind opening the door to let the cat out?20這個電影很值得一看。

17、This film is well worth seeing.3. 用動詞不定式或動名詞填空:1 He wanted _ (see the book I had bought.to see2 Please stop _ (walk about the room and sit down.walking3 I called _ (see her yesterday but she was out.to see4 In 1969, the United States succeeded in _ (send a rocket to the moon and _ (land two astronau

18、ts on its surface.sending; landing5 We decided _ (put off the meeting until Saturday.to put6 Let me _ (see what you are doing.see7 When the professor finishes _ (speak, we will ask him a question.speaking8 He made her _ (go although she wanted _ (stay.go; to stay9 Please remember _ (give her this letter.to give10 We heard him _ (say that he disliked _ (go abroad any more.say; going11 The child enjoyed _ (play at the seaside.playing12 The little boy was made _ (take the medicine.to take13 I watched the s