太陽能熱水系統(tǒng)水泵流量揚程計算

1、8.管網設計計算（流量計算）8.1熱水供應系統(tǒng)管路流量設計熱水供應系統(tǒng)的管路流量按照給水系統(tǒng)的設計秒流量計算。（1）住宅建筑熱水供應系統(tǒng)的設計秒流量 應按下列步驟和方法計算。根據住宅配置的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量、使用人數、用水定額、使用時數及小時變化系數，按下式計算出最大用水時衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率：（%）式中： 熱水供應管道的最大用水時衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率，%；最高日用水定額；每戶用水人數；小時變化系數，冷水按下表計算表4取用，熱水按表13取用；每戶設置的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量數；用水時數，h；0.2一個衛(wèi)生器具給水當量的額定流量，L/s。1 住宅、別墅的熱水小時變化系數Kh值居住人數（m

2、）100150200250300500100030006000Kh5.124.494.133.883.703.282.862.482.342 旅館的熱水小時變化系數Kh值居住人數（m）1503004506009001200Kh6.845.614.974.584.193.903 醫(yī)院的熱水小時變化系數Kh值床位數（m）50751002003005001000Kh4.553.783.542.932.602.231.954 住宅最高日生活用水定額及小時變化系數住宅類別衛(wèi)生器具設備標準用水定額/L/(人·d)小時變化系數Kh普通住宅有大便器、洗滌盆851503.02.5有大便器、洗臉盆、洗滌

3、盆、洗衣盆、熱水器和淋浴設備1303002.82.3有大便器、洗臉盆、洗滌盆、洗衣機、集中熱水供應（或家用熱水機組）和淋浴設備1803202.52.0別墅有大便器、洗臉盆、洗滌盆、洗衣機、灑水栓，家用熱水機組和淋浴設備2003502.31.8根據計算管段上的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量總數，按下式計算得出該管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量的同時出流概率：（%）式中： 計算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量同時出流概率，%；對應于不通的系數，查GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設計規(guī)范附表C中的表C；計算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量總數。根據計算管段上的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量同時出流概率，按下式計算得計算管段的設計秒流量：（L/s）式中：

4、 計算管段的設計秒流量，L/s注：1.為了計算快速、方便，在計算出的后，即可根據計算管段的值，從GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設計規(guī)范附表D的計算表中直接查的給水設計秒流量。該表可用內插法。2.當計算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量總數超過GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設計規(guī)范附表D的計算表中最大值時，其流量應取最大用水平均秒流量，即。有兩條或兩條以上具有不同最大用水時衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率的給水支管的給水干管，該管段的最大時衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率按下式計算：式中： 給水干管的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率；支管的最大用水時衛(wèi)生器具給水當量平均出流概率；相應支管的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量總

5、數。（2） 集體宿舍、旅館、賓館、醫(yī)院、療養(yǎng)院、幼兒園、養(yǎng)老院、辦公樓、商場、客運站、會展中心、中小學教學樓、公共廁所等建筑熱水供應系統(tǒng)的設計秒流量應按下式計算：式中： 計算管段的給水設計秒流量，L/s；計算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當量總數；根據建筑物用途而定的系數，應按下表采用。注：1.如計算值小于該管段上的一個最大衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量時，應采用一個最大的衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量作為設計秒流量。2.如計算值大于該管段上按衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量累加所得流量值時，應按衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量累加所得流量值確定。3.有大便器延時自閉沖洗閥的給水管段，大便器延時自閉沖洗閥的給水當量，均以0.5計，計算得到的附加1.

6、10L/s的流量后，為該管段的給水設計秒流量。4.綜合樓建筑的值應按加權平均法計算。根據建筑物用途而定的系數值（值）建筑物名稱值建筑物名稱值幼兒園、托兒所、養(yǎng)老院1.2醫(yī)院、療養(yǎng)院、休養(yǎng)所2門診部、診療所1.4集體宿舍、旅館、招待所、賓館2.5辦公樓、商場1.5客運站、會展中心、公共廁所3學校1.8（3）工業(yè)企業(yè)的生活間、公共浴室、職工食堂或營業(yè)餐廳的廚房、體育場館運動員休息室、劇院的化妝間、普通理化實驗室等建筑熱水供應系統(tǒng)的設計秒流量應按式下計算：式中： 計算管段的給水設計秒流量，L/s；同類型的一個衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量，L/s；同類型的衛(wèi)生器具個數；衛(wèi)生器具的同時給水分數，應按表1-3采用

7、。注：1.如計算值小于該管段上一個最大衛(wèi)生器具給水定額流量時，應采用一個最大的衛(wèi)生器具給水額定流量作為設計秒流量。2.大便器自閉式沖洗閥應單列計算，當單列計算值小于1.2L/s時，以1.2L/s計；大于1.2L/s時，以計算值計。表1 工業(yè)企業(yè)生活間、公共浴室、劇院化妝間、體育館運動員休息室等衛(wèi)生器具同時給水分數衛(wèi)生器具名稱同時給水分數/%工業(yè)企業(yè)生活間公共浴室劇院化妝室體育場館運動員休息室洗滌盆（池）33151515洗手盆50505050洗臉盆、盥洗槽水嘴60100601005080浴盆50無間隔淋浴器100100100有間隔淋浴器806080608060100大便器沖洗水箱30202020

8、大便器自閉式沖洗閥2222小便器自閉式沖洗閥10101010小便器（槽）自動沖洗水箱100100100100凈身盆33飲水器3060303030小賣部洗滌盆5050注：健身中心的衛(wèi)生間，可采用本表體育場館運動員休息室的同時給水分數。表2 職工食堂、營業(yè)餐廳廚房設備同時給水分數廚房設備名稱同時給水分數%廚房設備名稱同時給水分數%污水盆（池）50器皿洗滌機90洗滌盆（池）70開水器50煮鍋60蒸汽發(fā)生器100生產性洗滌機40灶臺水嘴30注：職工或學生飯?zhí)玫南赐肱_水嘴，按比例100%同時給水，但不與廚房用水疊加。表3 實驗室化驗水嘴同時給水分數化驗水嘴名稱同時給水分數%科學研究實驗室生產實驗室單聯(lián)化

9、驗水嘴2030雙聯(lián)或三聯(lián)化驗水嘴3050（4）熱水系統(tǒng)的熱水循環(huán)流量計算。全天供應熱水系統(tǒng)的循環(huán)流量，按下式計算：式中： 循環(huán)流量，L/h；配水管道系統(tǒng)的熱損失，W，應經計算確定；初步設計式，可按設計小時耗熱量的3%5%采用；配水管道的熱水溫度差，根據系統(tǒng)大小確定，一般可采用510；熱水水密度，kg/L。定時供應熱水的系統(tǒng)，應按管網中的熱水容量每小時循環(huán)24次計算循環(huán)流量。9.管網的水力計算（揚程、流速）（1）管網熱水流速的確定。熱水管道內的流速，宜按下表選用。 熱水管道內的流速公稱直徑DN/mm1520254050流速/（m/s）0.81.01.2（2）熱水管道阻力的確定。熱水管道的沿程水頭

10、損失可按下式計算，管道的計算內徑應考慮結垢和腐蝕引起過水斷面縮小的因素。式中: 管道單位長度水頭損失，kPa/m；管道計算內徑，m；熱水設計流量，m3/s;海澄-威廉系數，各種塑料管、內襯（涂）塑料；銅管、不銹鋼管；襯水泥、樹脂的鑄鐵管；普通鋼管、鑄鐵管。 熱水管道的配水管的局部水頭損失，宜按管道的連接方式，采用管（配）件當量長度法計算。當管道的管（配）件當量長度資料不足時，可按下列管件的連接狀況，按管網的沿程水頭損失的百分數取值。a. 管（配）件內徑一致，采用三通分水時，取2530；采用分水器時，取15%20%。b. 管（配）件內徑略大于管道內徑，采用三通分水時，取50%60%；采用分水器分

11、水時，去30%35%。c. 管（配）件內徑略小于管道內徑，采用三通分水時，取70%80%；采用分水器分水時，去35%40%。（注：螺紋接口的閥門及管件的摩阻損失當量長度可參照GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設計規(guī)范附表B選用。） 熱水管道上附件的局部阻力可參照以下計算。a. 管道過濾器的局部水頭損失，宜取0.01MPa。b. 管道倒流防止器的局部水頭損失，宜取0.0250.04MPa。c. 水表的水頭損失，應選用產品所給定的壓力損失計算。在未確定具體產品時，可按下列情況取用：住宅的入戶管上的水表，宜取0.01MPa；建筑物或小區(qū)引入管上的水表，宜取0.03MPa。d. 比例式減壓閥的水頭損

12、失，閥后動水壓宜按閥后靜水壓的80%90%確定。(3) 熱水供應系統(tǒng)的回水管管徑計算。熱水供應系統(tǒng)的回水管管徑應通過計算確定，初步設計時，可參照下表確定。 熱水回水管管徑熱水供水管管徑/mm20253240506580100125150200熱水回水管管徑/mm202025324040506580100為了保證各立管的循環(huán)效果，盡量減少干管的水頭損失，熱水供水干管和回水干管均不宜變徑，可按其相應的最大管徑確定十、加壓供水泵（水泵流量）采用加壓泵供熱水時，應根據系統(tǒng)總的花灑和水龍頭數量及同時使用率（居民大約為0.2）來確定最大小時供水量，根據該用水量來選擇水泵流量，DN15水龍頭流量按0.2L/

13、s，每個花灑流量按0.15L/s計算。水泵揚程根據最不利的用水點來確定水壓，一般集中使用的水龍頭或花灑應有4m水柱壓差。1自動加壓泵 它由水泵、氣壓罐、壓力開關組成。工作原理是：氣壓罐內注滿空氣，當用水點在用水時，供水管網壓力下降，壓力開關閉合，水泵啟動加壓給水。如用水量小于水泵流量，則水泵向氣壓罐內注水，將空氣壓縮，當達到壓力開關設定的壓力值時，水泵停止運行。當用水點在用水時，由于空氣的膨脹作用，將氣壓罐內的水頂出供使用。在供水管網壓力下降至壓力開關的下限壓力值時，壓力開關閉合，水泵運行。這種裝置能自動運行，且比較經濟，但氣壓罐內的空氣會慢慢地隨水跑掉，如不及時補充空氣，會造成水泵啟動頻繁，

14、產生噪聲，同時損壞壓力開關。因此，只能適于家庭及最大小時用水量小于2m3的全天候使用冷、熱水的用戶。（見圖64）2變頻加壓系統(tǒng)該系統(tǒng)由變頻器、控制器、水泵、隔膜氣壓罐、機架等組成，它由變頻器根據供水壓力調整水泵馬達的電源頻率來改變馬達的轉速，從而達到改變水泵流量的目的，同時可根據供水壓力調整水泵的運行臺數，從而達到經濟和恒壓運行的目的。（見圖60） 水泵的總流量應大于最大小時用水量的20%。 水泵的臺數一般為3臺，其中2臺型號相同，總流量應約等于最大小時用水量， 另1臺可稍少，約為最大小時用水量的20%，以便用水量很少時開啟。3加壓給水裝置由定時器、水泵及水泵控制裝置組成。其工作原理是：在規(guī)定

15、的用水時間內，水泵啟動向供水管網加壓供水，它有兩種方式： 3.1. 在水泵旁接旁通管，在用水過程中，由于用水量的 變化，使多余的水通過旁通管產生回流，有效防止用水點不用水時或水用量很少時使水泵損壞。調節(jié)旁通閥可調節(jié)水的回流量。（見圖66）3.2. 在供水管的末端設回水管。（見圖67）3.3. 水泵揚程選擇：采用上行下給供水方式的其水泵揚程選擇1015m即可，采用下行上給供水方式的其水泵揚程應進行水頭損失計算。在水頭損失的基礎上再加10m揚程。4.4. 旁通管管徑及回水管管徑的確定：如果采取旁通回流時，當主管管徑DN50時，旁通管管徑比供水管管徑小2。如采用供水管網末端回流時，回水管管徑比主管管

16、徑小23。11.表格（管徑大小查詢）QDN15DN20DN25DN32DN40DN50DN70(L/h)(L/s)RVRVRVRVRVRVR0050.0100.0150.0200.0250.652.164.427.3911.040.040.070.110.150.180.120.410.831.372.030.020.040.050.070.090.040.120.230.380.560.010.020.030.040.050.010.030.050.090.130.010.030.050.090.13-0.010.030.040.07-0.010.010.020.0

17、2-0.010.010.02-0.010.010.01-0.010.01-0.010.011081261441621800.0300.0350.0400.0450.05015.3720.3726.0432.3639.350.220.250.290.330.362.813.694.695.807.010.111.131.140.160.180.771.011.281.581.900.060.070.080.100.110.180.230.300.360.440.030.040.050.050.060.090.120.150.180.220.030.030.030.040.040.030.030.

18、040.050.060.020.020.020.020.030.010.010.010.020.020.010.010.010.010.021982162342522700.0550.0600.0650.0700.07547.0055.3164.5874.9085.980.400.440.470.510.548.349.7611.3012.9414.690.200.220.240.250.272.252.633.033.463.920.120.130.140.150.160.520.600.690.790.890.060.070.070.080.090.260.300.340.390.440.

19、050.050.060.060.060.070.090.100.110.130.030.030.030.040.040.020.020.030.030.040.020.020.020.020.022883063243423600.0800.0850.0900.0950.10097.82110.43123.81137.94152.850.590.620.650.690.7316.5418.5020.5622.7325.000.290.310.330.340.364.404.915.456.016.600.170.180.190.200.211.001.111.231.351.480.090.10

20、0.100.110.120.490.550.600.660.730.070.070.080.080.090.140.160.170.190.210.040.040.050.050.050.040.040.050.050.060.020.030.030.030.033964324685045400.1100.1200.1300.1400.150184.94220.10258.31299.58343.910.800.870.941.021.0929.8635.1341.0247.5754.610.400.430.470.510.547.859.2110.6712.2313.890.230.250.

21、280.300.321.752.052.362.703.060.130.140.150.160.170.861.001.161.321.490.090.100.110.120.130.240.280.330.370.420.060.060.070.070.080.070.080.090.110.120.030.040.040.040.055766126486847200.1600.1700.1800.1900.200391.29441.73495.22551.78611.391.161.231.311.381.4562.1370.1478.6487.6297.090.580.620.650.6

22、90.7215.6517.5219.4821.5523.720.340.360.380.400.423.443.844.264.705.160.180.200.210.220.231.681.872.072.282.500.140.150.15 0.160.170.470.520.580.640.700.080.090.090.100.100.130.150.160.180.200.050.050.050.060.0690010801260144016200.2500.3000.3500.4000.450955.291357.621872.622445.553095.151.812.182.5

23、42.903.2651.70218.44297.32338.34491.500.911.091.271.451.6336.7552.9372.0494.09119.080.530.640.740.850.957.7610.8814.4918.6523.600.290.350.400.460.523.755.236.958.9011.080.210.260.300.340.391.041.441.902.433.010.130.150.180.200.230.290.400.530.670.830.080.090.110.120.14180019802160234025200.5000.5500

24、.6000.6500.700606.78734.21873.211025.471189.301.811.992.172.352.54147.01177.89211.70248.45288.151.061.171.271.381.4829.1435.2641.9649.2957.110.580.630.690.750.8113.4916.2119.2922.6426.260.430.470.520.560.603.654.345.105.916.780.250.280.310.330.361.001.191.391.611.840.150.170.180.200.2127002880306032

25、4034200.7500.8000.8500.9000.9501365.261553.371753.611965.982190.492.722.903.083.263.44330.78376.36424.87476.33530.721.591.701.801.912.0265.5674.5984.2194.40105.180.860.920.981.041.0930.1434.3038.7243.1448.360.640.690.730.770.827.718.709.7510.8612.100.380.410.430.460.482.082.342.622.913.910.230.240.2

26、60.270.29360037803960414043201.0001.0501.1001.1501.200588.06648.33711.55777.71846.802.122.232.332.442.55116.55128.49141.02154.13167.831.151.211.271.321.3853.5959.0864.8470.8777.170.860.900.940.991.0313.4114.7916.2317.7419.310.510.530.560.590.613.533.874.214.584.950.300.320.330.350.364500468048605040

27、52201.2501.3001.3501.4001.450918.84993.821071.741152.601236.392.652.762.862.973.08182.11196.97212.41228.43245.041.441.501.551.611.6783.7390.5697.66105.03112.671.071.121.161.201.2520.9522.6624.4426.2928.200.640.660.690.710.745.345.756.176.607.050.380.390.410.410.44540055805760594061201.5001.5501.6001

28、.6501.7001323.131412.811505.131600.93-3.183.293.393.50-262.23280.01298.36317.30336.821.731.791.841.901.96120.57128.74137.18145.89154.871.291.331.371.421.4630.1732.2234.3336.5138.760.760.790.810.840.877.518.028.559.099.650.450.470.480.500.51630064806660684070201.7501.8001.8501.9001.950356.93377.62398

29、.89420.74443.172.022.072.132.192.25164.11173.62183.40193.45203.761.501.551.591.631.6841.0743.4545.9048.4151.000.890.920.940.970.9910.2210.8210.4312.0512.690.530.540.560.570.59720075607920828086402.0002.1002.2002.3002.400466.19513.98564.09616.54671.322.302.422.532.652.76214.35236.32259.36283.48308.46

30、1.721.801.891.982.0653.6459.1464.9170.9477.251.021.071.121.171.2213.3514.7216.1617.6619.230.600.630.660.690.7290009360972010080104402.5002.6002.7002.8002.900728.43787.87849.64913.74980.172.882.993.113.223.34334.92362.25390.65420.12450.672.152.232.322.412.4983.8290.6697.77105.14112.791.271.321.381.43

31、1.4820.8722.5724.3426.1728.080.750.780.810.840.8710800111601152011880122403.0003.1003.2003.3003.4001048.93-3.46-284.28514.97548.73583.56619.472.582.662.752.832.92120.70128.88137.33146.00155.081.531.581.631.681.7330.0532.0834.1936.3638.590.900.930.960.991.0212600129601332013680140403.5003.6003.7003.8

32、003.900656.44694.49733.61773.80815.063.013.093.183.263.35164.28173.81183.60193.65203.981.781.831.88 1.941.9940.9043.2745.7148.2150.781.051.081.121.151.1814400147601512015480158404.0004.1004.2004.3004.400857.39-3.44-214.58225.44236.57247.97259.642.042.092.142.192.2453.4256.1258.8961.7364.631.211.241.

33、271.301.3316200165601692017280176004.5004.6004.7004.8004.900271.57283.78296.25308.99322.002.292.342.392.442.5067.6170.6473.7576.2980.161.361.391.421.451.4818000183601872019080194405.0005.1005.2005.3005.400335.27348.82362.63376.71391.062.552.602.652.702.7583.4686.8490.2793.7897.351.511.541.571.601.63

34、19800201602052020880212405.5005.6005.7005.8005.900405.68420.57435.72451.14466.842.802.852.902.953.00100.99104.70108.47112.31116.221.661.691.721.751.7821600219602232022680230406.0006.1006.2006.3006.400482.79499.02515.52532.28549.313.063.113.163.213.26120.19124.23128.33132.51136.751.811.841.871.901.93

35、23400237602142024480248406.5006.6006.7006.8006.900566.61584.18602.02620.12-3.313.363.413.46-141.05145.43149.87154.38158.951.961.992.022.052.0825200255602592026280266407.0007.1007.2007.3007.400163.59168.30173.07177.91182.822.112.142.172.202.2327000273602772028080284407.5007.6007.7007.8007.900187.7919

36、2.84197.94203.12208.362.262.292.322.352.3828800291602952029880302408.0008.1008.2008.3008.400213.67219.04224.49229.99235.572.412.442.472.502.5330600309603132031680320408.5008.6008.7008.8008.900241.21246.92252.70258.54264.452.562.592.622.652.6832400345003492035280356409.0009.1009.2009.3009.400270.4227

37、6.47282.58288.75295.002.712.742.772.802.8334200345603492035280356409.5009.6009.7009.8009.900301.31307.68314.13320.64327.212.862.892.922.952.98360003690037800387003960010.00010.25010.50010.75011.000333.86350.76368.08385.81403.973.013.093.163.243.31續(xù)表QDN80DN100DN125DN150DN175DN200(L/h)(L/s)RVRVRVRVRVR

38、V1081261441621800.0300.0350.0400.0450.050-0.010.010.01-0.010.010.011982162342522700.0550.0600.0650.0700.0750.010.010.010.010.020.010.010.010.010.022883063243423600.0800.0850.0900.0950.1000.020.020.020.020.030.020.020.020.020.02-0.010.010.010.01-0.010.010.010.013964324685045400.1100.1200.1300.1400.15

39、00.030.040.040.050.050.020.030.030.030.030.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.020.025766126486847200.1600.1700.1800.1900.2000.060.060.070.080.090.030.040.040.040.040.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.020.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.0290010801260144016200.2500.3000.3500.4000.4500.130.170.230.2

40、90.350.050.060.070.080.100.030.040.060.070.090.030.040.040.050.050.010.020.020.030.030.020.020.030.030.040.010.010.010.010.010.010.020.020.020.02-0.010.01-0.020.02180019802160234025200.5000.5500.6000.6500.7000.420.500.590.680.770.110.120.130.140.150.110.130.150.170.190.060.070.070.080.080.040.050.05

41、0.060.070.040.040.050.050.060.020.020.020.030.030.030.030.030.040.040.010.010.010.010.020.020.020.030.030.030.010.010.010.010.010.020.020.020.020.02270028803060324034200.7500.8000.8500.9000.9500.880.981.101.221.340.170.180.190.200.210.220.250.270.300.330.090.100.100.110.110.080.090.100.110.120.060.0

42、60.070.070.070.030.040.040.050.050.040.040.050.050.050.020.020.020.020.030.030.040.040.040.040.010.010.010.020.020.030.030.030.030.03360037803960414043201.0001.0501.1001.1501.2001.481.611.761.912.060.220.230.240.250.260.370.400.430.470.510.120.130.130.140.140.130.140.160.170.180.080.080.090.090.090.060.060.070.070.080.060.060.060.060.070.030.030.030.040.040.040.050.050.050.050.020.020.020.020.030.040.040.040.040.04450046804860504052201.2501.3001.3