高中英語(yǔ)必修四 Unit5 Theme parks-語(yǔ)法篇（教師版）

1、.Unit5 A Theme parks語(yǔ)法篇_要求學(xué)生掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法-英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法并能純熟運(yùn)用相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)解決相應(yīng)類(lèi)型的題。英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法種類(lèi)英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法主要有：合成法，轉(zhuǎn)化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和詞首字母縮略法。定義與精講1.合成:兩個(gè)單詞連在一起合成一個(gè)新詞，前一個(gè)詞修飾或限定后一個(gè)詞。合成名詞的主要構(gòu)成方式1名詞名詞 sunlight 陽(yáng)光 handbag 手提包2形容詞名詞blackboard 黑板 darkroom 暗室3副詞/介詞名詞afternoon 下午 uproar 喧囂 4動(dòng)詞名詞postcard 明信片 pickpocket 扒手5名詞動(dòng)名詞sightseeing 觀(guān)

2、光 handwriting 書(shū)法6動(dòng)詞副詞get-together 聚會(huì) break-through 打破7其他方式構(gòu)成的合成名詞passer-by 過(guò)路人 grown-up 成年人合成形容詞的主要構(gòu)成方式1名詞形容詞snow-white 雪白的 world-famous 世界出名的2形容詞名詞open-air 戶(hù)外的 old-style 舊式的3名詞/形容詞名詞-edkind-hearted 好心的 blue-eyed 藍(lán)眼睛的4名詞/形容詞/副詞如今分詞good-looking 好看的 well-written 寫(xiě)得好的合成動(dòng)詞的主要構(gòu)成方式1名詞動(dòng)詞 sunbathe 曬日光浴 type

3、write 打字2副詞動(dòng)詞underline 畫(huà)底線(xiàn)標(biāo)出 overcome 抑制3形容詞動(dòng)詞blacklist 將列入黑名單whitewash 用石灰水把刷白1有些合成詞保存了原來(lái)兩個(gè)單詞的意思。keyword 關(guān)鍵詞 toothache 牙痛2有些合成詞與原來(lái)兩個(gè)單詞的意思區(qū)別很大。eggplant 茄子 parkway 駕車(chē)專(zhuān)用道注意：2.派生:是通過(guò)在詞根上加前綴或者后綴構(gòu)成一個(gè)新詞。 前綴詞根加前綴多數(shù)不改變?cè)~性，只改變?cè)~義。(1) 表示相反意義的前綴有：un-，in-，im-，il-，ir-，non-，dis-， mis-等。如：名詞派生詞imbalance 不平衡 displeas

4、ure不快 形容詞派生詞impatient 不耐煩的 uncommon 不普通的 動(dòng)詞派生詞 disagree 不同意 inactivate使不活潑2表示其他意義的前綴有：re- 重新, anti- 反，防, bi- 雙,en- 使成為, co- 共同, sub- 下面的, post- 后的, fore- 先的,pre- 預(yù)先的, auto- 自動(dòng)的, inter- 之間的, super- 超級(jí)的，上層的等。如：retell復(fù)述 superman 超人 subway 地鐵 international 國(guó)際的 后綴許多名詞、形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞是由詞根加后綴構(gòu)成的。1構(gòu)成名詞的后綴-er, -or

5、, -ist, -ee, -ian, -ese, -ant 等構(gòu)成表示人或事物的名詞。如：employee 雇員 translator 翻譯家-ance, -ence, -ancy, -ation, -sion, -ment, -bility, -ship,-hood, -age, -ing, -ity, -ness, -th, -ty, -ism 等構(gòu)成表示行為、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等的抽象名詞。如：invention創(chuàng)造 movement運(yùn)動(dòng)2構(gòu)成形容詞的常用后綴有：-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -less, -ish, -ive, -ous, -ent, -y 等。如：resp

6、onsible 負(fù)責(zé)的 natural 天然的3構(gòu)成副詞的常用后綴有：-ly, -ward, -wise 等。如：carefully 細(xì)心地 otherwise 否那么4構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞的常用后綴有：-ise ize, -en, -ify 等。如：realize 意識(shí)到 strengthen 加強(qiáng)3.轉(zhuǎn)化: 英語(yǔ)中有些單詞,詞形不變, 詞性卻可以由一種轉(zhuǎn)化成另一種。一個(gè)單詞由某一種詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)用為另一種詞類(lèi), 這就是轉(zhuǎn)化。單詞轉(zhuǎn)換后的意義往往與未轉(zhuǎn)換前的意義有親密的聯(lián)絡(luò)。轉(zhuǎn)化法動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞很多動(dòng)詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞,大多數(shù)意思沒(méi)有多大的變化如下;有時(shí)意思有一定變化如下;有的與一個(gè)動(dòng)詞和不定冠詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ),表示一

7、個(gè)動(dòng)作如下。如: Lets go out for a walk.我們到外面去散漫步吧。 He is a man of strong build.他是一個(gè)體格強(qiáng)健的漢子。 Lets have a swim.咱們游泳吧。名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞很多表示物件如下、身體部位如下、某類(lèi)人如下的名詞可以用作動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示動(dòng)作,某些抽象名詞如下也可作動(dòng)詞。如:E.g.Did you book a seat on the plane? 你訂好飛機(jī)座位了嗎？E.g.Please hand me the book.請(qǐng)把那本書(shū)遞給我。E.g.She nursed her husband back to health.她看護(hù)她丈夫

8、，使他恢復(fù)了安康。E.g.We lunched together.我們?cè)谝黄鸪粤宋绮?。形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞有少數(shù)形容詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞。E.g. We will try our best to better our living conditions.我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞有少數(shù)副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞。E.g. Murder will out.諺語(yǔ)惡事終將敗露。形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞表示顏色的形容詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為名詞如下;某些形容詞如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等與the連用,表示一類(lèi)人,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)如下。E.g.You shoul

9、d be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬禮中該穿黑色衣服。E.g.The old in our village are living a happy life.我們村的老年人過(guò)著幸福的生活。4.截短法縮略法截短法，即將單詞縮寫(xiě)，詞義和詞性保持不變，主要有截頭、去尾、截頭去尾等形式。1截頭telephone phone aeroplane plane omnibus bus2去尾mathematics maths co-operate co-opexamination exam kilogram kilolaboratory lab taxicab tax

10、i3截頭去尾influenza flu refrigerator fridgeprescription script5.混合法混成法混合法，即將兩個(gè)詞混合或各取一部分緊縮而成一個(gè)新詞。后半部分表示主體;前半部分表示屬性。news broadcast newscast新聞播送television broadcast telecast電視播送smoke and fog smog煙霧helicopter airport heliport直升飛機(jī)場(chǎng)6.首尾字母縮略法首尾字母縮略法，即用單詞首尾字母組成一個(gè)新詞。讀音主要有兩種形式，即各字母分別讀音;作為一個(gè)單詞讀音。very important per

11、son VIP讀字母音要人；大人物televisionTV讀字母音電視Testing of English as a Foreign Language TOEFL托福例1.2019湖北孝感月考In recent years many new roads have been built, which are of great _to the areas around.A. distance B. benefitC. scenery D. puzzle解析：根據(jù)句意“近幾年許多新公路已經(jīng)建成，這些公路給周邊地區(qū)帶來(lái)極大的好處。be of great+抽象名詞=be+adj.答案：B。例 2.201

12、9浙江We most prefer to say yes to the _ of someone we know and like.A. attemptsB. requestsC. doubtsD. promises解析：根據(jù)句意“對(duì)于我們認(rèn)識(shí)和喜歡的人的懇求我們大多喜歡說(shuō)可以。attempt嘗試；request請(qǐng)求；doubts疑心；promises承諾答案：B。例3.2019江蘇鷹潭期末It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ journey.A. three hour B. a three-ho

13、urs C. a three-hour D. three hours 解析：根據(jù)句意“去游樂(lè)園花了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，它大約花了三個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。這里是時(shí)間做定語(yǔ)用a three hours journey或a three-hour journey答案：C。 例4.2019浙江杜橋月考The incomes of skilled workers went up. _ , unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise解析：根據(jù)句意“技術(shù)工人的收入在增長(zhǎng)，與此同時(shí)非技術(shù)

14、工人卻看見(jiàn)他們的收入下降。moreover并且；therefore因此；meanwhile期間，與此同時(shí)；otherwise要不然的話(huà)。答案：C。例5.2019江西贛州期中He tried to _ some childhood memory ,which would tell him tell him whether he come to London.A. make out B. set outC. take outD. squeeze out解析：根據(jù)句意“他試圖逼迫自己想起一些童年的記憶，這些記憶會(huì)告訴他他是否到過(guò)倫敦。 make out弄清楚；set out開(kāi)場(chǎng)，著手；take ou

15、t拿出，取出；squeeze out擠出，榨出答案：D。根底演練一、給以下單詞加上前綴dis-，un-，in-或im-來(lái)構(gòu)成反義詞1. complete _ 2.proper _3. visible _ 4 fort _5. practical _ 6.seen _7. fit _ 8.like _9. happy _ 10.formal _二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. - How much do you _ for mending my bike?- Only one dollar, sir.A. pay B. charge C. offer D. apply2. What about the two

16、of us _ to the newly opened theme park in our city this afternoon?A. going B. to go C. go D. will go3. Most members of the committee were in favour of the suggestion; only a _ were against it.A. majorityB. minorityC. quantityD. amount4. In October, the price of the _ to Mount Tai has risen by 50 yua

17、n.A. permissionB. admissionC. introductionD. instruction5. - She is unhappy. - So she is. She has got _ in the quarrel between Jane and Susan.A. involved B. involveC. involvingD. involvement6. Not only the USA and Russia but also China _ manned satellites to circle the earth.A. has sent upB. has bee

18、n sent upC. have sent upD. have been sent up7. While seeing the film, what had happened on the battlefield _ in the old mans mind.A. made a lifeB. made a livingC. come to lifeD. come to live8. We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every campers _.A. experimentB. entertainmentC.

19、 equipmentD. settlement9. - Can you tell me why more and more people choose to shop in a supermarket?- Because it offers a great _ of goods. A. variety B. mixture C. connection D. combination10. - How could they forget the airline tickets?- They were in _.A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rushC

20、. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush11. He didnt want to stay in this hotel because it didnt _ his expectations.A. meet B. pleaseC. fillD. express12. _ an actual occurrence, the film Huo Yuanjia will be popular with many people.A. Basing onB. Based onC. To base onD. Base on13. All the comput

21、er in this factory must go through strict _ before going to the market.A. searchB. checkC. testD. observe14. It was not what he said but the way _ he said it that made all the people laugh.A. in whichB. whichC. howD. in that15. It is the custom for people to get together on New Years Eve, _ with eac

22、h other.A. makingB. gettingC. havingD. amusingKeys:一、給以下單詞加上前綴dis-，un-，in-或im-來(lái)構(gòu)成反義詞incomplete/improper/invisible/ discomfort/impractical/unseen/unfit/dislike或unlike/unhappy/informal二、單項(xiàng)選擇1-5 BABBA 6-10 ACCAD 11-15 ABCAC穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步一、 短語(yǔ)填空in advance, come to life, be modelled after, get close to, no wonder,

23、 be famous for1. The handbag_ the LV's new style.2. He has been there many times._ he doesn't approve of the plan going there for holiday.3. Three days had passed before he_. His parents never left the hospital until they saw him open his eyes.4. We are planning a trip to Yuntai Mountain in

24、Henan Province, which_ its beautiful natural scenery.5. It is so cold in the Antarctic that penguins have to_ each other to keep warm.6. You should have booked a ticket for the performance_. Now they have been sold out.二、Make compound words after the models and fill in the blanks with the wordsA: pa

25、rt, long, passer, film, short, well, cold, baby, get, low, worldB: by, known, time, maker, wave, famous, sitter, term, together, lying, blooded Model: part + time = part-time1 Its a good idea to start a _ job to make extra money.2 Its necessary to use a _ radio to pick up the program. 3 Walt Disney,

26、 the great _, was born in Chicago in 19014 The Dead Sea is very _, at around 395 meters below sea level.5 Were having a little _ to celebrate his birthday.6 They often perform in the streets for the _.7 Im sure you will be _ soonKeys:一、短語(yǔ)填空1. is modelled after 2.No wonder 3.came to life4. is famous

27、for 5.get close to 6.in advance二、Make compound words after the models and fill in the blanks with the wordspart-time/short-wave/.film-make/low-lying/get-together/passers-by/well-known單詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match. play2. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! happy3. It sno

28、wed _last night and now the streets are covered with snow. heavy4. Edison was a great _.During his life he had many _. invent5. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years. foreign6. We want _ reasons for your failure to help. satisfy7. Please give me some reference work. It will _ my

29、task. simple8. The boy had the _ of being half starved. appear9. The police have _ a plot against the President. cover10. The doctor said that Marys mother needed an _. operate11. She hoped that her son would become a _. music12. Few _ words made us excited. speak13. The days on the moon get hotter

30、than _water. boil14. Thank you for your _. kind15. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their college _. expensive16. Most international _letters are written in English, too. busy17. The boy noticed an _mistake on his paper, but he decided not t

31、o say anything about it. correct18. When in Rome, do as the _do. Rome19. The teacher was pleased with her _. honest20. The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying _. noiseKeys:players/happily/ heavily/inventor, inventions/ foreigners/ satisfactory/ simplify/ appearance/ uncovered/ operation/ m

32、usician/ spoken/ boiling/ kindness/ expenses/ business/ uncorrected/ Romans/ honesty/ noisily_一、完形填空It was a market day, so people and traffic had been pouring into the town since early morning. 1 it was an old town, even the main street was very 2 and soon became overcrowded. There was not enough 3

33、 for all the people on the sidewalk at the roadside, 4 they overflowed into the road, 5 danger to their lives from 6 cars and buses, the drivers of 7 were constantly blowing their horns 喇叭 to 8 people to get out of their 9 . Yet it was a n 10 scene. Peasants walked along the street, their heads pile

34、d high with baskets or beautifully woven blankets which they hoped to 11 to the townsfolk. Men with carts 12 their way along, shouting their goods at the top of their 13 .They were selling apples, oranges and grapes the 14 of their fields. 15 it all, women in bright summer clothes made their way, la

35、ughing and talking, 16 children rushed in and out of the crowds screaming with laughter when they didnt ask for something they could not have, or crying with 17 because they were lost. The noise went on all day. People did not even stop for a meal, but preferred to buy bits of meat cooked over a fir

36、e or bread or ice-cream from the street sellers. The 18 from this and from all the activities of the day began to collect in the street. And finally, when night at last came, the street 19 and only the rubbish 20 sadly blowing in the cooling night wind.1. A. Although B. For C. But D. As2. A. small B

37、. crowded C. narrow D. short3. A. land B. area C. ground D. room4. A. and B. however C. or D. then5. A. having B. causing C. throwing D. being 6. A. passing B. taking C. catching D. driving7. A. them B. which C. whom D. that8. A. persuade B. order C. stop D. wait9. A. road B. way C. sight D. place10

38、. A. strange B. usual C. colorful D. interesting11. A. give B. sell C. take D. send12. A. forced B. walked C. found D. took 13. A. voices B. prices C. heads D. carts14. A. crops B. result C. harvest D. productions15. A. Through B. Across C. Above D. After16. A. while B. as C. when D. whose17. A. tea

39、r B. sorrow C. sadness D. fear 18. A. people B. noise C. rubbish D. business19. A. emptied B. silenced C. calmed D. changed20. A. remained B. left C. lay D. piled 二、閱讀理解AThe child of today owes much of its pleasant school life to the work of Maria Montessori and others who felt as she did.Maria Mont

40、essori was born in 1870 in northern Italy. Both her parents were well educated.While Maria was a student, she took great interest in the study of the particular nature of the child's mind. It came to her that small children should have freedom自由 to learn.Maria became a doctor and a professor at

41、Rome University. In 1907, after working with backward students, she was given a chance to try out her ideas on children. There were sixty children, aged three to six, in the Children's House. The rooms were bright and colorful. Maria let the children make their own choice of what they wanted to

42、do and work with their own speed. They became busy, peaceful and happy.Maria Montessori was one of the world's great teachers. She traveled in Europe, America and Far East. She thought that true education, providing提供 for the real needs of the child, would produce wise and happy grown-ups and th

43、erefore a peaceful world. Her original way of education has changed our whole idea of what childhood is.Maria Montessori died in Holland at the age of eighty-two.1. The short passage is mainly about.A. the education of backward studentsB. a new idea of educationC. the importance of proper education

44、D. the life of Maria Montessori2. Maria traveled a lot in the world to.A. teach the backward students B. enjoy her life in real natureC. spread her ideas of teachingD. study the situation of education3. In what way did Maria teach the children in the Children's House?A. She taught them the best

45、way of learning well.B. She let them learn in a very pleasant way.C. She taught them by showing them how to do things. D. She just let them choose the most interesting subjects.4. We learn from the passage that _.A. Maria left her homeland in order to study abroad B. Maria didn't get marriedC. M

46、aria's own parents were her teachersD. Maria fully understood the child's mind5. Which of the following best explains why Maria was one of the world's great teachers?A. She created a new way in teaching, which changed the old idea of children's education.B. She taught the backward st

47、udents very successfully and produced a peaceful world.C. She showed great love for the children and trained them in a new way.D. She taught backward students in many different countries and let them learn freely.BA German taxi-driver, Franz Bussman, recently found his brother who was thought to hav

48、e been killed twenty years before. While on a walking tour with his wife, he stopped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman said that the workman was closely like her husband and even suggested that he might be his brother. Franz laughed at the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war. Though Mrs. Bussman knew this story quite well, she thought that there was a chance in a million that she might be right. A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his n