高中英語選修八 Unit1A land of diversity-詞匯篇（教師版）

1、.第1講 A land of diversity 詞匯篇_1. 純熟掌握重點(diǎn)單詞及其用法；可以純熟運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)短語和句型。一. 重點(diǎn)詞匯1. distinction n. 差異；區(qū)分；卓著常用構(gòu)造：make a distinction between 對(duì)加以區(qū)分win a distinction for 因而獲功勛without distinction 無差異地；一視同仁地拓展:distinct adj. 明晰的；明顯的；明確的be distinct in .from . 在某方面與不同He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明顯的繪畫天賦。You should

2、 make your writing distinct. 你應(yīng)該把字寫清楚。 2. means n. 手段；方法單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣常用構(gòu)造：by means of 用方法；借助by all means 一定，務(wù)必；好的，當(dāng)然可以by no means 決不，一點(diǎn)也不位于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝by every means 用盡一切可能的方法易混辨析 means/way/methodmeans指“方法、方式、工具，著重于詳細(xì)的手段單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣。way指“一般的方法、方式或個(gè)人的特殊方法、方式，與技巧或效果的好壞無關(guān)。method指“有系統(tǒng)的、有效率的精心擬定的方法，也可以指抽象概念“條理。a w

3、ay to do sth.a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做的方法in this way/with the method/by this means 用這種些方法by the way 順便問一下 on one s way to . 在去的路上in the way 擋住路注意:means作主語且有every, each等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；有some, several, many, few等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Radio and television are important means of communication. 無線

4、電和電視是重要的通信手段。Please find an alternative means of transport. 請(qǐng)另外找一種運(yùn)輸方式。Every means has been tried. 每種方法都試過了。All means have been tried. 所有方法都試過了。She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不會(huì)說話，但她用手勢(shì)表達(dá)了她的愿望。3. majority n. 大多數(shù)；大半 A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is ex

5、tremely harmful to health. 大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吸煙對(duì)安康極為有害。The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多數(shù)人贊成這個(gè)建議。常用構(gòu)造：be in the/a majority 構(gòu)成大部分/大多數(shù)a majority over sb. 超過對(duì)方的票數(shù)拓展:major adj.&n. 較大的；主要的；主修，專攻minority adj.&n. 少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族；未成年4. occur vi. 發(fā)生；存在；出現(xiàn)常用構(gòu)造:occur to 主意或想法突然浮現(xiàn)于腦中;被想起，被想到it occurs to s

6、b. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事it occurs to sb. that . 某人想到Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那時(shí)我想起了一個(gè)主意。It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把傘忘在樓上了。易混辨析 happen/occur/take placehappen是一般用語，尤其指偶爾發(fā)生，表示“碰巧、恰好的意思。occur 文言意味較濃,常指某特定事物的發(fā)生，也可以表示某種想法出如今人的頭腦中。 take place 指事先方案或意料到的“

7、發(fā)生，此外還有“舉行的意思。New things are happening all around us. 新事物在我們周圍不斷發(fā)生。The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m. 爆炸發(fā)生在早上5點(diǎn)30分。When will the basketball game take place? 籃球賽何時(shí)舉行？ 5. Indicate vt. 指出；標(biāo)示；說明；暗示I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite. 我問他我姐姐在哪，他指了指對(duì)面的商店。Research indicates

8、that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究顯示男人比女人更容易戒煙。常用構(gòu)造：indicate sth. to sb. 向某人表示某事；把指給某人看indicate that .表示；示意拓展:indication n. 指出；說明indicative adj. 指示的；暗示的 二. 重點(diǎn)詞組6. live on 繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存She lived on for many years after her husband died. 丈夫死后她繼續(xù)活了許多年。拓展:live on sth. 以某物為食；靠某種經(jīng)濟(jì)來源生活l

9、ive by doing sth. 靠做某事為生live for sth. 以某事物為生活目的live through sth. 經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存live up to sth. 按照某事物行事；表現(xiàn)出符合某事物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)live with sth. 承受或容忍某現(xiàn)象live to be. = live to the age of. 活到歲live a. life 過著的生活 7. team up with與某人一起工作尤指為共同目的；與合作The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.那兩個(gè)公司已合作研制新型賽車。8. m

10、ark out 劃線；標(biāo)出的界限They marked out the tennis court with white paint. 他們用白漆標(biāo)出了網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)的界限。 Some of the best pupils have been marked out for special training. 已經(jīng)選出幾名出色的學(xué)生進(jìn)展專門訓(xùn)練。拓展:mark sb. out for sth. 選出/選定某人做某事mark down 寫下，記下；降低的價(jià)格mark up 標(biāo)出；進(jìn)步的價(jià)格mark in 加畫；繪入mark out for 看中；選定Just a moment. Let me mark do

11、wn your name and address. 等一下，讓我把你的姓名和地址記下來。Some shops marked up the goods unfairly. 有幾家商店的貨價(jià)進(jìn)步得不合理。He marked the book down to 49 cents. 他把書的標(biāo)價(jià)降為49分。 9. take in 包括；吸收；接納；欺騙The students find it easy to take in what you teach. 學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)你講課很容易理解。 He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in. 他沒地方可以

12、睡覺，于是我們就提出讓他留宿。 拓展:take apart 拆開；剖析，鞭撻論點(diǎn)等take down 拿下，取下；拆卸；記下take back 取回，帶回；收回說過的話；使回憶起昔日take care of 照料；保管take up 開場(chǎng)從事；占用時(shí)間或空間；著手處理take it easy 別緊張，漸漸來take over 繼承；接收，接收take off 脫下衣服等；起飛take on 承擔(dān)，從事；呈現(xiàn)take ones place 入座；代替某人的位置take one s time 不急，漸漸干 三. 重點(diǎn)句子10. Exactly when the first people arriv

13、ed in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人詳細(xì)是在什么時(shí)候來到我們?nèi)缃窭斫獾募永Ｄ醽喌貐^(qū)的，誰也說不清楚。what we now know as California是一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，作arrive in的賓語, what是復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞，相當(dāng)于the things that。因此，在名詞性從句中可以用the things that取代的，只能用what。拓展:名詞性從句中what與that的區(qū)別：that在名詞性從句中不作句子成分，what必須作句子成分。名詞性從句中what與which的區(qū)

14、別：指代前文已經(jīng)提到過的對(duì)象或范圍時(shí)，用which，否那么用what。What he said sounds reasonable.他說的聽起來有道理。what作said的賓語That our team has won the game has been proved. 已經(jīng)證實(shí)我們隊(duì)贏得了比賽。that在主語從句中不作句子成分There are many books available. I dont know which to read. 有許多書可供閱讀，但我不知道讀哪一本。which指的是前文提到的books中的一本W(wǎng)hat book do you want to buy? 你想買哪種

15、書？沒有提及買什么書或哪一類書1. 2019北京高考 There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon . A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD. to be solved 答案: D 解析: 考察非謂語動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語是problems，與謂語動(dòng)詞solve之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，時(shí)間上是將來，應(yīng)選D。2. 2019湖南高考 As you go through this book, you will find that each of the milli

16、ons of people who lived World Warhad a different experience.答案: through解析: 考察live 的相關(guān)短語，通過句意可知，live through意為“ 經(jīng)歷過。3. 2019安徽高考-I get at least half an hour of exercise almost everyday. -Oh great! .A. Good luckB. Cheer upC. Same to youD. Keep it up答案: D解析: A祝你好運(yùn)B振作起來C和你一樣D堅(jiān)持下去。4. 2019陜西高考Peter will ta

17、ke his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month .A. Take upB. put upC. add upD. break up答案: 解析: 句意：Peter在這個(gè)月底將從事旅行社負(fù)責(zé)人的職位。take up拿起，開場(chǎng)從事；put up豎立；搭建；add up加起來；break up完畢；分解。所以選A。5. 2019山東濰坊高二下Now a lot of new technologies can be applied to solve problems in

18、industry. 答案: solving解析: 此題考察apply to的用法，apply to doing，意為“應(yīng)用到.上，其中to 是介詞，后接doing。根底演練一. 用take的相關(guān)短語填空。 Don t be by his promises.Who do you think will now that the governor has been dismissed? These boxes of yours are too much space. I was really when seeing old photos. Dear ladies and gentlemen, ple

19、ase now .The opera is soon to begin.Tom carefully what the teacher said.Key: taken in take over taking up taken back take your place took down穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步二. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. May I have a look at your book?A. By this means B. By all meansC. By this way D. By any means2. It suddenly to the detective that the millionai

20、re was probably murdered by his own daughter. A. Happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place三. 用live的相關(guān)短語填空。 The lonely old man charity. Mozart was dead but his music .My grandfather both world wars.We should work hard and try to our parents expectations.The brave girl is learning to her disabilit

21、y.Key: BB lives on lives on lived through live up to live with一. 單詞拼寫:1.The Taiwan _海峽 separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.2.It was becoming _明顯的 to me that she didnt like me.3.She has six pieces of _行李.4.I was one of the _ 申請(qǐng)人for the job.5.Statistics_說明 that the environmental pollution has be

22、come more and more serious.6.What _百分比of the students in our school were admitted to college?7.Air is a m_混合物of gases.8. Our team has five head of _牛.9.I was in half the way when it suddenly _想到 to me that I had left my notebook home.10._顯然, he was mistaken about by the others.Key: 1. Strait 2. obvi

23、ous 3. luggage 4. applicants 5. indicates 6. percentage 7. mixture 8. oxen 9. occurred 10.apparently二. 翻譯句子1. A good idea _ all at once. 我突然想到了一個(gè)好主意。2. _ he knew nothing about how to repair cars. 很明顯他根本不知道如何修車。3._ will we fail. 用任何方式我們也不會(huì)失敗。4. My mother_ by the businessman's offers and stupidly

24、gave him most of her money. 我媽媽因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)商人提供的條件而受騙了，愚蠢地把她大部分錢給他了。5. He likes to sleep_. 他喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。Key: 1. occurred to me 2. It was apparent that 3. By no means4. was taken in 5. with the window open _1. 單項(xiàng)選擇1. Shall I give you a ride as you live so far?A. It couldnt be betterB. Of course you canC. If you

25、 likeD. Its up to you 2. You fool! How can you let such a chance through your fingers.A. SkiB. SpreadC. SlipD. glide3. People have views on the policy published recently, because not everybody is in favour of it in the survey.A. ExcitedB. SurprisedC. FrightenedD. mixed4. Every possible means to help

26、 the poor people in Africa.A. have triedB. have been triedC. has triedD. has been tried 5. He can hardly his wifes bad-temper, so he decided to seek divorce with her.A. teamed up withB. caught up withC. put up withD. kept up with 6. Peter is no longer a lazy boy he used to be.A. WhatB. WhomC. WhenD.

27、 how7. Human beings are different from animals they can use language as a tool to communicate.A. in thatB. for thatC. in whichD. for which 8. The window in my room shut. So I have to get it repaired.A. doesntB. shouldntC. wontD. couldnt9. Shirley, can I have a look at your photos? .Here you are.A. B

28、y any meansB. By no meansC. By this meansD. By all means10. is no possibility he can finish the task within two days.A. There; thatB. It ; that C. There; whetherD. It; whetherKey: 1-5 ACDDC 6-10 BACDA 二. 閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 With the number of college graduates climbing to a r

29、ecord high this yearsome 2.12 million are entering the job market, an increase of 670,000 or 46.2 percent, over last year, many people are asking if China's first “McDonalds generation, born in the early 1980s,can stand the intense competition and find a place in the job market. They say this wi

30、ll be a test of both Chinas job market and its carefree younger generation. “Do not worry. Well get whatever we want，they tell each other to ease their own anxiety. Born in the early days of the country's reform and opening to the outside world, growing up in the market economy, the youngsters,

31、familiar with McDonald's and Mickey Mouse, love to eat hamburgers, and wear foreign brand jeans and T-shirts and worship Bill Gates. Compared with their parents, they enjoy more freedom in looking for a joband with that freedom coming burdens. These college graduates are seen scouring recruitmen

32、t information in newspapers and journals, the Internet and job markets nationwide. Shortly after hotel management major, Hao Wenhua, a young woman from Chongqing in Southwest China, failed the recruitment test of a five star hotel in Guilin, South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. She ap

33、peared at a job market in Nanning, approximately 300 kilometers from Guilin, looking rather tired. Many businesses and companies say that they would take on experienced staff rather than the new graduates who are short of the experience of how to succeed in today's fast paced society. 45. Which

34、of the following groups of people belongs to China's first McDonald's generation? A. People who were born in the early days of China's reform and opening to the outside world. B. People who like to eat hamburgers and wear foreign brand clothes.C. People who admire Bill Gates. D. People w

35、ho lack the experience of how to succeed in today's fast changing world.46.What can we infer from the story of Hao Wenhua in the passage? We can infer_ . A. that there are many chances to find jobs in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionB. that hotel management is not a good major in college C. that

36、 there is intense competition in the job market D. that many businesses and companies don't like new college graduates 47.What is the best title for the passage? A. Fierce Competition in the Job Market.B. McDonald's Generation Has Grown up. C. McDonald's Generation Faces Job Hunting.D. The Number of