概要寫作模擬_156

1、大概率下，概要寫作或讀后續(xù)寫會成為21 屆高考（今年高二學(xué)生）的題型。即使不從應(yīng)試的要求下去練習(xí)，從新課標(biāo)的要求下也應(yīng)該重視概要寫作。先了解一下概要寫作的考試說明要求：理解準(zhǔn)確,涵蓋全部要點(diǎn)。能準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使所完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。完全使用自己的語言初看起來，概要寫作比較容易，但實(shí)際上其中也是暗含玄機(jī)。我們的誤區(qū)是：概要寫作無非就是把文章的要點(diǎn)句子拼湊一起，加幾個銜接詞。但實(shí)際是：第一、如何高效把握準(zhǔn)確不同文體的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)，并且得出其中的要點(diǎn)；第二、如何對要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行去粗取精；第三、如何把不同要 點(diǎn)的句 子 進(jìn)行整 合 ，完全使用自己 的句子，那就是pa

2、raphrase 了。這種 paraphrase 會涉及到以下技巧：1 .句子層面上：句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換（介詞短語、定從、非謂語、名從最多）；句意的轉(zhuǎn)換；上義詞和下義詞的概括轉(zhuǎn)換2 .詞語層面上：詞和短語的同義轉(zhuǎn)換模擬示例Writing 1（2019 浙江寧波二模）閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. At any momen

3、t, you can fill your headphoneswith the sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time.Music is so common. But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick!

4、Besides, you might be ready to study for a big exam the next day. To help you study better,a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better.We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations. But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really h

5、as such an effect on people? Of course,thereis! Scientists have long recognized the power of music. Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth of the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.Scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening t

6、o music can have positive effects on your mood. Their research gives scientific credibility（可靠性） to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood.Other studies have shown that upbeat music isnt the only type o

7、f music that can be helpful,however. When people are sad or have suffered a sense of loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate 起共鳴）with the listeners. Likewise,people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to a

8、ngry music. Although angry music might not help you if you re in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations.答案 寫作提示 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了音樂對人們的益處。文章段落清楚,要點(diǎn)明確。概要寫作時以自然段為基礎(chǔ)概括。One possible version:Nowadays, with modern devices, music to your taste is e

9、asily accessible.要點(diǎn) 1） With its power, music might benefit you in many ways.（要,點(diǎn) 2） Scientists have researched into the nature and extent of musi's effects on humans.要點(diǎn) 3） Scientists at the University of Missouri have proven upbeat music can cheer you up.（要點(diǎn) 4） Besides, sad music and angry music

10、 have also been found to be helpfif（點(diǎn) 5）Writing 2（2019 浙江溫州二模）閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。For many high school students, giving an in-class presentation is an approach to their growth. Teachers will call up students, one by one, to present their work in front of the class, and, though it is often tens

11、e, many people say it has helped turn them into more confident public speakers. Some educators also credit it with building leadership skills and increasing students confidence and understanding of materials.But in the past few years, students have started calling for an end to in-class presentation

12、s as they show discrimination against those with anxiety. This week, a tweet posted by a 15-year-odl high school student declaring“ Stop forcing students topresent in front of the class and give them a choice not to ” received more than 130,000 retweets and nearly half a million likes. In fact, bein

13、g a high schooler nowadays is more stressful than ever. Students are burdened with extra hours of homework. They stay up every night till 1:00 a.m. finishing homework on their third Red Bull. Anxiety is increasing at a faster rate than depression （抑郁） as the leadingmental-health issue affecting teen

14、agers, a recent study in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics found.These students want more options. They say that every student has unique strengths and that they should be allowed to present their work in ways that are different to those strengths. This might mean presenting alo

15、ne in front of the teacher, or choosing between several alternatives like producing a piece of art or an essay for private judgment instead of presenting their work orally.Educators have begun to take it seriously. They agree teachers should listen to students and hear their voices and respond. If s

16、tudents feelings are ignored, they might just walk away. However, not everyone is convinced. Some hold the view that pushing students out of comfort zones is a big part of what they should do as some students are deathly afraid to do it.答案 寫作提示 本文為議論文。文章討論了課堂展示是否有益的問題。概要以自然段為基礎(chǔ),注意攝取重點(diǎn)信息。One possible

17、 version:Giving an in-class presentation is generally considered an approach beneficial to students' development.便點(diǎn) 1）However, in the past few years, students have started calling for an end to it due to the possible discrimination against those with anxiety, which puts great pressure on the stu

18、dents.傻點(diǎn) 2）They say that every student has unique strengths and that they should be allowed to present their work in their ways.（要,點(diǎn) 3）Their idea has drawn educators serious attention.倭,點(diǎn) 4）Writing 3（2019 浙江紹興柯橋聯(lián)考）閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。As is known, if we are united no one can defeat us. But if w

19、e constantly have conflicts or misunderstandings, we may attract outsiders to have an advantage over us, which may ultimately result in our failure. Unity is the source of strength and people who are united have the capability to tackle any kind of situation as they share each other s burdens and ha

20、rdships.In olden days, man lived alone. He travelled and hunted all by himself, which sometimes gave opportunities to fierce animals to attack and kill him. Then he realized that if he joined hands with other hunters, he would be able to face some common danger and challenges. This is how villages g

21、ot formed, which later got developed into towns and cities.In the sports ground, be it cricket, football, baseball, basketball or any other kinds of sport, a united team and an appropriate strategy may result in the success of the team; but if there is a conflict or an unhealthy competition or unnec

22、essary misunderstanding among the team members, they may invite the opponents to take advantage of their shortcomings and win the game. Likewise, if the members of a family stay together and support each other in every phase of life, no outsider can harm the family.There was once an old man who live

23、d in a village with his three sons. The sons always fought with each other and would not pay any attention to their father. The man fell sick and assumed that he would die soon; he was very worried about the idea that once he died, people would take advantage of his son sconflicts. He called all his sons and asked them to break a bundle of sticks, one by one. None of them could do it. He then untied the bundle and gave each stick to each one of them asking them to brea