新版仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)u(píng)nit8-topic2知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 8 Our clothes Topic 2 We can design our own uniforms.重點(diǎn)句型。Section A 1.Our school plans to make uniforms for you. 學(xué)校計(jì)劃給你們定做校服。plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事；A. uniform n. (尤指軍人、學(xué)生或警察飛行員等的)制服；e.g. a school uniform 學(xué)校制服；B. clothes n. 通常指身上的各種服裝，包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣等。它是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不能直接與數(shù)詞連用。e.g. She often wears

2、 beautiful clothes. 她經(jīng)常穿漂亮的衣服。C. clothing n. 是物質(zhì)名詞，服裝的總稱，除衣服外還包括帽子、鞋襪等。沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。一件衣服要說(shuō) an article of clothing。e.g. This shop sells womens clothing. 這家商店出售女士服裝。D. dress n.作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，指一件女服，連衣裙。dress作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，指某種特殊服裝，尤指在社交場(chǎng)合穿的衣服。e.g. My sister is wearing a red dress. 我妹妹穿著一件紅色連衣裙。 evening dress 晚禮服；2.Can you t

3、ell me what Miss Wang says? 你能告訴我王老師說(shuō)了什么嗎？本句為含有特殊疑問(wèn)詞what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。拆散為兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句看看其變化：(1) Can you tell me ? (2) What does Miss Wang say?把特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)為賓語(yǔ)從句的變化步驟：引導(dǎo)詞：特殊疑問(wèn)詞(不能省略)；語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”人稱變化時(shí)態(tài)變化(第八單元三話題學(xué)習(xí))e.g. Can you tell me ? Who are you waiting for ? Can you tell me who you are waiting for ? 你能告訴

4、我你在等誰(shuí)嗎？3.I like to wear my own clothes because school uniforms will look ugly on us. 我喜歡穿自己的衣服，因?yàn)樾７┰谏砩蠒?huì)很難看。look ugly on us 穿在我們身上會(huì)很難看；注意：on sb.穿在某人身上，in sth.穿著某件衣服。e.g. She was all in black. 她穿著一身黑。 The dress looks very nice on her. 那件禮服穿在她身上非常漂亮。4.It depends on who will design our uniforms. 那取決于誰(shuí)設(shè)

5、計(jì)我們的校服。depend on/upon sb./sth. 意為“依靠”，依賴；取決于；由決定。e.g. You shouldnt always depend on your parents.你不能總是依賴父母。5.Its true that suitable uniforms can show good discipline. 得體的校服的確能展示我們良好的風(fēng)紀(jì)。1）本句是一個(gè)用it作形式主語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句，真正的主語(yǔ)是that從句，類(lèi)似的用法還有：It is necessary/important/ well-known/possible/wonderful that . 意為“是必要的/重要

6、的/眾所周知的/可能的/極好的”。e.g. It is necessary that we drink enough water every day. 每天喝足夠的水是很有必要的。2） suitable adj. 合適的，適合的；show good discipline 展示良好的風(fēng)紀(jì)；A. showsth.意為“展示某物”。e.g. PleaseshowyourIDcard.請(qǐng)出示你的身份證。B. showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.意為“把指給看；出示”。e.g. Jackieshowedherthepassport.杰基向她出示了護(hù)照。C. showsb.around/ro

7、und意為“帶某人參觀”。e.g. Illshowyouaround/roundtheschool.我會(huì)帶你到學(xué)校四處看看。6.Iagreewithyou.我同意你的意見(jiàn)。 agreewith意為“同意”。表示和某人的觀點(diǎn)一致用agreewithsb.。e.g.Heagreeswithme.他同意我的意見(jiàn)。7.Could you tell me when you wear your uniforms? 你能告訴我你們什么時(shí)候穿制服嗎？A. when 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)譯為“什么時(shí)候”。e.g. I dont know when he will come. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候會(huì)來(lái)。（賓語(yǔ)從句）B.

8、when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)譯為“當(dāng)時(shí)”。如：e.g. Patients can find us easily when they are in need. 當(dāng)病人有需要時(shí)，他們能夠很容易地找到我們。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）8.We usually wear uniforms when we are at work, but sometimes we wear plain clothes to carry out special tasks. 我們通常上班期間穿制服，但有時(shí)候穿便裝執(zhí)行特殊任務(wù)。wear uniforms 穿制服；at work（人）在工作，（機(jī)器）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；e.g. They are

9、at work. 他們?cè)诠ぷ鳌?The machines are not at work. 這些機(jī)器沒(méi)有在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。plain clothes 便裝；carry out 執(zhí)行，實(shí)施；special tasks 特殊任務(wù)；9.And our uniforms may stop some people from doing bad things. 我們的制服可以阻止一些人干壞事。 1）A. stop . from doing sth. = keep . from doing sth. 阻止，防止干某事；e.g. You cant stop people from saying what they th

10、ink. 你無(wú)法阻止人們說(shuō)出自己的想法。 Her parents tried to stop her from seeing him. 她父母試圖阻止她和他見(jiàn)面。 B. stop doing sth. 停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）；e.g. Suddenly everyone stopped talking. 突然每個(gè)人都停下來(lái)不說(shuō)話了。 C. stop to do sth. 停下（正在做的事）去做（另一件事）；e.g. We stopped to take pictures. 我們停下來(lái)去照相。2）badthings意為“壞事”。e.g. Motherasksmenottodobadthi

11、ngs.媽媽讓我不要做壞事。Section B 1.Could you tell me what I should wear here? 你能告訴我在這里該穿什么嗎？what I should wear是由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，在句中作賓語(yǔ)，意為“我應(yīng)該穿什么”。賓語(yǔ)從句除了由that, whether引導(dǎo)外，還可以由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，并用陳述語(yǔ)序。e.g. Could you tell me where the special shoes are? 你能告訴我專用的鞋子在哪里嗎？2.You should take off your shoes when you enter someones ho

12、me in Japan. 在日本，當(dāng)你進(jìn)入別人家里時(shí)應(yīng)該脫鞋。A. take off 意為“脫下(衣服)，摘掉”，接代詞時(shí)應(yīng)置于take off之間，反義短語(yǔ)為put on.e.g. to take off your hat/glasses 摘掉帽子/摘下眼鏡； to take it/them off 把它/它們脫下；B. take off 意為“(飛機(jī)等) 起飛”。e.g. The plane will take off in ten minutes.飛機(jī)將在10分鐘后起飛。3.It is important to wear suitable clothes on every occasio

13、n. 在每一個(gè)場(chǎng)合穿的得體是很重要的。1）本句型為：It is +adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. ，it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to do sth. ，意為“（對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)）做.是.的”?？梢耘cIt is +adj.+that . 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g. It is important for us to take care of the environment. =It is important that we should take care of the environment. 對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要。2） on every occasion 在每一個(gè)場(chǎng)合，occa

14、sion為可數(shù)名詞。4.Inthelastpicture,weseeitsnecessaryforustowearsportsshoesontheplayground, or we may hurt ourselves as Kangkang did. 在最后一幅圖片中，我們可以看到在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋是有必要的，不然我們就會(huì)像康康那樣弄傷我們自己。1）A. hurtv.意為“使（身體）受傷”，是及物動(dòng)詞。 hurt oneself 傷到某人自己e.g. Hefelloffhisbikeandhurthisleg.他從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)，腿受傷了。 B. hurtv.意為“疼痛”，為不及物動(dòng)詞。e.g

15、. Myheadhurts.我頭痛。 C. hurtadj.意為“受傷的”。 be/get hurt 受傷e.g. Becarefulnottogethurt.小心不要受傷。2）A . or 在本句是連詞，意為“否則，要不然”。e.g. Hurry up, or you will be late. 趕快，否則你就要遲到了。 You had better wear sports shoes on the playground, or you may hurt yourself. 在操場(chǎng)上你最好穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，否則你會(huì)弄傷你自己。B. or 還可以表示選擇，意為“或，或者，還是”e.g. Which d

16、o you prefer, white or black? 你更喜歡哪種顏色，白色還是黑色？Section C1.Firefighters wear special coats and helmets to protect themselves from heat and falling ceilings. 消防人員穿特殊服裝和戴頭盔是為了保護(hù)他們自己免受高溫和墜落的天花板的傷害。1）此句的“to + 動(dòng)詞原形”意為“為了” 是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)的用法。e.g. I will go to Beijing to visit the Great Wall. 我到北京去是為了參觀長(zhǎng)城。2）prot

17、ect. from. 保護(hù)免受的傷害；e.g. We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun. 我們戴太陽(yáng)鏡是為了保護(hù)眼睛免受陽(yáng)光的傷害。2.When officials dress in their official uniforms, they look important. 當(dāng)官員穿上制服，他們看起來(lái)很莊重。A. dress n. 連衣裙，衣服；e.g. a long white dress白色的長(zhǎng)連衣裙； to wear casual/formal dress穿便服/禮服； B. dress v. 穿衣服，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：dress

18、sb.(in sth.) 給(某人)穿衣服； e.g. She dressed herself and the children in their best clothes. 她給自己和孩子們都穿上最漂亮的衣服。P.S.: wear, put on均可表示“穿衣”，但wear表示穿的狀態(tài)，put on表示穿的動(dòng)作。3.When we see airline pilots wearing uniforms at the airport,we believe that they know how to fly the plane. 當(dāng)我們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)看見(jiàn)航空公司飛行員穿著制服時(shí)，我們相信他們知道怎樣駕駛

19、飛機(jī)。1）when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在主句中又包含了由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中有一個(gè)how to fly.的“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。2）wearing uniforms 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，修飾airline pilots。3）see sb. doing sth.看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。see sb. do sth.看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。 e.g. I saw some children flying kites on the square. 我看見(jiàn)一群孩子在廣場(chǎng)上放風(fēng)箏。 I saw him go into the post office. 我

20、看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)了郵局。4.So its necessary for us to know different uniforms in the daily life. 所以對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)了解日常生活中的不同制服是有必要的。in the daily life 在日常生活中；e.g. We should learn how to take care of ourselves in the daily life. 我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)在日常生活中照顧自己。5.Whats more, we should choose different clothes in different seasons. 此外，在不同的季節(jié)，我

21、們應(yīng)該選擇不同的衣服。Whats more 意為“而且，此外，更有甚者”。e.g. He can play chess, whats more, he is good at it. 他會(huì)下棋，而且還很擅長(zhǎng)。6.She likes summer very much because she can wear different colorful clothes, such as shorts, T-shirts and dress. 她非常喜歡夏天，因?yàn)樗梢源┎煌N類(lèi)的顏色鮮艷的衣服，比如短褲、T恤和連衣裙。for example 用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況，其后接句子。e.g. You can

22、 do many sports here. For example, you can play tennis. 你在這兒可以做多種運(yùn)動(dòng)，例如你可以打網(wǎng)球。such as 用來(lái)列舉同類(lèi)事物，as后面不可加逗號(hào)，后面常接名詞性短語(yǔ)。e.g. English are spoken in many countries, such as America and Canada. 許多國(guó)家都講英語(yǔ)，例如美國(guó)和加拿大。Section D1. Infact,thereareveryfewformaldays,thoughtherearesomefestivalssuchasEaster，Christmas,Ha

23、lloween,andThanksgivingDay.雖然有像復(fù)活節(jié)、圣誕節(jié)、萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夕和感恩節(jié)這樣的節(jié)日，但實(shí)際上正式的節(jié)日還是很少的。though是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，和連詞but不能連用，但翻譯時(shí)需譯為“但是”。e.g. ThoughAustraliaisverylarge,thepopulationisquitesmall. 雖然澳大利亞地域廣闊，但人口卻很少。2. What people wear depends on their likes and dislikes. 人們穿什么取決于他們的喜好。1） What people wear 在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。e

24、.g. What we did is good for our health. 我們所做的一切對(duì)我們的身體有好處。2）depend on=depend upon 依靠，依賴，隨決定，取決于；e.g. Whether we go swimming or not, it depends on you. 我們是否去游泳由你決定。3）句中的like是名詞，意為“喜好，愛(ài)好”，反義詞為dislike，通常用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. We all have different likes and dislikes. 我們都各有不同的喜好。3. In winter, Canadian people wear coat

25、s, gloves, boots and hats the same as people in northern China do. 冬天，在加拿大，人們通常穿著大衣、靴子、戴著手套和帽子。這和中國(guó)北方的穿著幾乎相同。the same as 和一樣，反義詞短語(yǔ)：different from 與不同；e.g. Her coat is the same as mine. 她的外套和我一樣。 English is different from Chinese. 英語(yǔ)不同于中文。4. People in Canada and the United States usually wear suits t

26、o work in offices, as well as for more formal occasions, just as people do in China. 加拿大人和美國(guó)人像中國(guó)人一樣，不但在更正式的場(chǎng)合而且在辦公室上班時(shí)通常也穿西服。 A. as well as 意為“除之外(也)，以及，不但而且”。（強(qiáng)調(diào)前者）e.g. They own a house in the city as well as a villa in the countryside. 他們?cè)诔抢镉幸粭澐孔?，在鄉(xiāng)下還有一座別墅。I like dogs as well as cats. 除了喜歡貓，我還喜歡狗。

27、B. as well as 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與前面主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。e.g. The teacher as well as the students was invited to the party. 不但他的學(xué)生而且這位老師也應(yīng)邀參加了聚會(huì)。C. as well as 還可意為“與同樣好”。He speaks English as well as you do. 他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)的和你一樣好。二重點(diǎn)詞組。1.plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事； 2. Sth. look ugly on sb某物穿在某人身上會(huì)很難看；3.on sb.穿在某人身上； in sth.穿著某件衣服；4.

28、depend on sb./sth.依靠，依賴；取決于； 5.suitable uniform 合適的校服；5.show good discipline 展示良好的風(fēng)紀(jì)； 6.agree with sb. 同意某人；6.at work（人）在工作，（機(jī)器）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；7.be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事；8.plain clothes 便裝； 9.carry out 執(zhí)行，實(shí)施；10.special tasks 特殊任務(wù)； 11. in trouble 陷入困難，遇到麻煩；12.stop . from doing sth. = keep . from doing sth. 阻止，防

29、止干某事 13.a business suit西裝； 14.take off脫下(衣服)，摘掉； (飛機(jī)等) 起飛15.sports clothes運(yùn)動(dòng)服； 16.on every occasion 在每一個(gè)場(chǎng)合；17.enter ones home 進(jìn)入某人的家 18.special shoes專用的鞋子；19.wear suitable clothes 穿個(gè)合適的衣服 20.dress correctly 穿著得體21.keep quiet保持安靜； 22.listen to the teacher聽(tīng)老師講課；23.protect. from. 保護(hù)免受的傷害； 24.falling ce

30、ilings墜落的天花板；25.for different reasons 因?yàn)椴煌脑?26.get help from sb. 從某人那兒得到幫助；27.the spread of diseases疾病的傳播； 28.in the daily life 在日常生活中；29.in ones opinion在某人看來(lái)； 30.Whats more 而且，此外，更有甚者；31.casual clothes休閑衣服； 32.in fact事實(shí)上；33.on special days 在特別的日子 34.the same as 和一樣；35.be different from 與不同； 36.as

31、 well as 除之外（也），三重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法。一賓語(yǔ)從句（）疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞由what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how 等連接詞引導(dǎo)。e.g. Tell me what you want. 告訴我你想要什么。 You may ask him when he comes. 你可以問(wèn)問(wèn)他什么時(shí)候來(lái)。9、淡水是我們?nèi)祟?lèi)和其他生物生存的必需品，但是地球上的淡水資源十分有限，地球上的多數(shù)地區(qū)缺水。 Do you know whom (who) he will invite? 你知道他將會(huì)邀請(qǐng)誰(shuí)嗎？答：最有效的方法就是集焚燒、堆肥、熱解、制磚、發(fā)電等一體的統(tǒng)合系統(tǒng)，但是焚燒垃圾對(duì)空氣有污染。 I dont know whose book it is. 我不知道那是誰(shuí)的書(shū)。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述句語(yǔ)序，尤其要注意whether/if和wh-連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序，即按照“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”的語(yǔ)序。e.g. Is he good at English? 他擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)嗎？（一般疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序）第三單元 宇