新一代大學(xué)英語綜合教程2 U3(含課后習(xí)題答案)

1、編輯ppt編輯pptLanguage And CommunicationUnit 3 Book 2編輯pptUnit 3 Book 2Unit 3 Book 2iPrepareiPrepareiExploreiExploreiProduceiProduce編輯ppt0101iPrepareiPrepare Language And CommunicationLanguage And Communication編輯pptPreparePrepare Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through langu

2、age we share experiences, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to thinking itself. Contrary to popular belief, language does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our sense of realty by giving meaning to events. Good speake

3、rs have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speakers craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession.編輯pptAt a seminar on the power of communication, the lecturer posed a question on the barriers to effective communication. You were asked t

4、o discuss in pairs and then to present your ideas. Here are the questions for you to consider:What are the barriers to effective communication?How to present your ideas systematically?PreparePrepare - Scenarios- ScenariosScenario 1Scenario 1編輯pptPreparePrepare - Scenarios- ScenariosMaterial or Physi

5、cal BarrierEnvironmental causeChallenging StimulusSubjective strainMedia ignoranceLinguistic BarrierDifferent language and vocabularyCultural BarrierDifferent culture, place or religionEmotional barrier Sudden reactionsUnfair assumptionsTerrorBecoming defensiveBeing overconfident about self knowledg

6、e編輯pptOn Saturday evening, you are going to English Corner on campus. The topic this week is Important Factors to Make a Good Communicator. Two questions helping your preparation.What factors are important for communication?What forms of written and spoken communication you use most? Why? PreparePre

7、pare - Scenarios- ScenariosScenario 2Scenario 2編輯pptOn Saturday evening, you are going to English Corner on campus. The topic this week is important factors to make a good communicator. Two questions for you to prepare.What factors are important for communication?Factors for your reference:Fluency i

8、n the languageAn extensive vocabularyBeing a good listenerPhysical appearance PreparePrepare - Scenarios- ScenariosScenario 2Scenario 2A sense of humorGrammatical accuracyNot being afraid of making mistakesAn awareness of body language編輯pptOn Saturday evening, you are going to English Corner on camp

9、us. The topic this week is important factors to make a good communicator. Two questions for you to prepare.What forms of written and spoken communication you use most? Why?Forms of communication for your reference. PreparePrepare - Scenarios- ScenariosScenario 2Scenario 2writtenSpoken E-mailsFaxesLe

10、ttersMemosMinutesReports ConversationsInterviewsMeetingsNegotiationsPhone callsPresentations 編輯ppt Review Reviewing & ing & DiscussiDiscussingng Did I know what to say about the scenario?Did I express what I wanted to say?What do I need?What should I do?PreparePrepare - - Identifying the gap

11、sIdentifying the gaps編輯pptIdentify possible difficultiesIdentify possible difficultiesCan I express what I want to say in English about language and communication?Do I acquire enough information about barriers to effective communication? Can I write a well-organized article on the roles of language?

12、Skill gapLanguage gapInformation gapPreparePrepare - - Identifying the gapsIdentifying the gaps編輯pptPrepare - Learning objectivesuse words and structures related to language and communicationdescribe the importance of language in communicationexplain features of the relationship between language and

13、 thoughtDuring the learning of this unit, you will be able to:編輯pptPrepare - Learning ObjectivesUpon completion of this unit, you will be required to:write an essay of about 300 words on the topic: The Roles of Language編輯pptPrepare - Getting to know the unit projectAbout Your EssayAbout Your Essay編輯

14、pptPreparePrepare - - Getting to know the unit projectGetting to know the unit projectHow to express your personalopinion on a particular topic? Read the following passage about the importance of appropriate use of language. Then analyze the structure of the passage by filling in the blanks in the r

15、ight column.編輯pptLiving among other people, we cannot avoid asking for help from others. How to phrase your question matters a lot for the effectiveness of interpersonal communication.Exemplification Essay“I want to buy this.”From that experience, I realized how important the appropriate use of lang

16、uage is for the effective communication in a different culture.PreparePrepare - - Getting to know the unit projectGetting to know the unit project編輯pptHow to express your personal opinion on a particular topic? Read the following passage about the importance of appropriate use of language. Then anal

17、yze the structure of the passage by filling in the blanks in the right column.an introductory paragraph in which you state the topic and your opinion; a main body which consists of one or two paragraphs, each presenting a separate viewpoint supported by reasons or examples. Another paragraph could a

18、lso be included to present an opposing viewpoint and the reason why you think it is unconvincing; a conclusion in which you summarize and restate your opinion. PreparePrepare - - Getting to know the unit projectGetting to know the unit project編輯ppt0202iExplore 1-ViewingiExplore 1-Viewing Language An

19、d CommunicationLanguage And Communication編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - ViewingViewing編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - ViewingViewingWhat changes were made on the board?Why did more passersby stop and give money after the change of words?Why do you think the new wording led to the change in peoples feeling fo

20、r the man?DiscussionDiscussion編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - ViewingViewingWhat changes were made on the board? “I AM BLIND. PLEASE HELP.” was changed into “ITS A BEAUTIFUL DAY AND I CANT SEE IT.” Why did more passersby stop and give money after the change of words? The new wording struck human emotions

21、 and passersby felt sympathetic for the blind beggar. Why do you think the new wording led to the change in peoples feeling for the man?“It is a beautiful day” and “I cant see it” create a sharp contrast between happiness and sorrow.編輯ppt0202iExplore 1-ReadingiExplore 1-Reading Language and Communic

22、ation Language and Communication 編輯pptPowerful “you” for comm-YOU-nication By Leil LowndesExplore 1Explore 1- - ReadingReading編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - ReadingReadingUnderstanding effective communicationRecall your interactions with other people. Are there moments when your inappropriate use of lan

23、guage offended a friend, or when your effective communication skills helped build a healthier relationship? Language is a tool of communication in our social life, but how can we achieve successful communication with this tool? Are there principles for effective communication? In the following text,

24、 you are going to find answers to the above questions.READING編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - ReadingReading編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Identifying and synthesizing informationIdentifying and synthesizing informationHuman beings are 1) _ . Infants think they are the 2) _of theuniverse and they translate ev

25、erything into effecton themselves. Adults hide 3) _ under a mask ofcivilization and politeness, but all they care aboutis still the effect on themselves.People perceive thinkingas painful.The 4) _ principle is a guiding force inlife and people tend to gravitate toward what is5) _.People have6) _.The

26、ir 7) _ is pushed when youask them questions using “you.”self-centeredcenterself-centerednesspleasure-painpleasurablepridepride button編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Identifying and synthesizing informationIdentifying and synthesizing informationresponsessocial conversationpleasant and helpfuleffective編輯

27、pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Identifying and synthesizing informationIdentifying and synthesizing informationrequestIt shows that using “you” pushes peoples pride button. compliment Comm-YOU-nication enriches your social conversation.asking for directionsComm-YOU-nication helps you get better response f

28、rom strangers編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Identifying and synthesizing informationIdentifying and synthesizing informationYes, I think the examples could support the authors view to a certain extent. But I think the author has exaggerated a bit about the power of using “you” in communication. For exam

29、ple, the author used the example of asking for directions to show that using “you” helps people get better response from strangers. But the reason might also be that people think its more polite to use “Excuse me, could you tell me where the Golden Gate Bridge is?” than “I cant find the Golden Gate

30、Bridge.”Do you think those examples listed in Exercise 3 can support the authors claim? Why or why not ?編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Language PointsLanguage PointsThe rest of the shadowy forms stirring about us (which we later learned were other people) existed solely for what they could do for us. (P

31、ara. 1, Sentence 4)1) shadowy: a. not clearly seen or understood 朦朧的；虛無的朦朧的；虛無的e.g. 他不清楚他們想讓他做什么他不清楚他們想讓他做什么。He had only a shadowy idea of what they wanted him to do.2) stir: v. to be active or busy 騷動(dòng)；忙亂騷動(dòng)；忙亂e.g.我們可以看到商店里人們?cè)诿y著。我們可以看到商店里人們?cè)诿y著。We could see people stirring inside the shop.編輯pptExplo

32、re 1Explore 1- - Language PointsLanguage Points2. The pleasure-pain principle is a guiding force in life. (para. 4, sentence 1)Pleasure-pain principle: Description：The pleasure-pain principle was originated by Sigmund Freud in modern psychoanalysis, although Aristotle noted the significance in his R

33、hetoric more than 300 years BC. We are born with a pleasure principle, that we will seek immediate gratification of needs, for which our bodies reward us with feelings of pleasure. The reverse is also true, and the pain principle says that, whilst seeking pleasure people will also seek to avoid pain

34、.編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Language PointsLanguage Points3. Putting “you” first gets a much better response, especially when youre asking a favor, because it pushes peoples pride button. (para. 6, sentence 1)push ones button: (informal) to do the things that are needed to produce a desired effect o

35、r result 知曉如何達(dá)到知曉如何達(dá)到效果效果e.g. 教練知道如何使選手有備參賽教練知道如何使選手有備參賽。The coach knows how to push all the right buttons to get his players ready for the game.This sentence can be paraphrased like this: In seeking help, using “you” first can always reach your goal because it can satisfy peoples pride. 編輯pptExplor

36、e 1Explore 1- - Language PointsLanguage Points4. Im sure when they recover the flight box from the Fall of Man under a fig leaf in the Garden of Eden, it will convince the world of the power of the word “you.” (para. 15, sentence 1)1) flight box: originally a toolbox which has been customized for us

37、e by people who fly radio controlled (RC) aircraft. Flight boxes help people organize their equipment and supplies. Using a flight box ensures that someone has all of the equipment he or she needs, because it is always stored in the flight box 黑匣子黑匣子 trick or secret for people to discover something

38、秘密；訣竅秘密；訣竅編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Language PointsLanguage Points4. Im sure when they recover the flight box from the Fall of Man under a fig leaf in the Garden of Eden, it will convince the world of the power of the word “you.” (para. 15, sentence 1)2) a fig leaf: a metaphorical reference to the

39、Biblical Book of Genesis, in which Adam and Eve used fig leaves to cover their themselves after eating the fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; (figuratively) the covering up of an act or an object that is embarrassing or distasteful with something of innocuous appearance 遮羞布遮羞布編輯p

40、ptExplore 1Explore 1- - Building your languageBuilding your languageWords and expressionsWords and expressions1. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words given in the box.1. positively2. solely3. hopelessly 4. probably 5. instinctively 編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - Building your language

41、Building your languageWords and expressionsWords and expressions2. Complete the following sentences with appropriate expressions given in the box.1. gain respect and affection 2. react to positively3. gives people warmer feelings4. get a better response 5. enrich your social conversation 編輯pptExplor

42、e 1Explore 1- - Building your languageBuilding your languageWords and expressionsWords and expressions3. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words or expressions given in the box below. 1. gravitates toward2. pull away from3. translate into4. self-centered5. you-oriented6. putting firs

43、t7. camouflaged. 編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - AssignmentsAssignmentsUnit Project Get familiar with the materials of iProduce. The assignment will be checked next class in the form of report about: what the unit project is about; what you have already prepared; what you still need to finish the project

44、.編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - AssignmentsAssignmentsSharing your ideas Finish the task in Sharing your ideas.The assignment will be checked in class next time in the form of selfie recordings.編輯pptExplore 1Explore 1- - AssignmentsAssignmentsReviewingReview iExplore 1 to find out the power of Comm-YOU-

45、nication, and surf online to find the explanation of “you-attitude” or “you-approach”.編輯ppt0303iExplore 2iExplore 2 Language and CommunicationLanguage and Communication編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2Exploring the relationship between language and thoughtLanguage serves not only as a tool for communication,

46、it plays many other roles. One of them is related to thought and reality. While some people believe that language reflects our perception of reality, others hold that it molds our understanding of the world. Does language really decide what we think, or does it simply mirror what is going on in our

47、mind? In the following text, the author provides a new perspective on the relationship between language and thought.READING編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2- - DiscussionDiscussion1. How many words does Chinese have for “snow”?2. Look at the pictures below. Can you guess without counting how many roses there

48、are in each picture? 3. Why it is difficult to tell the accurate number of the roses without counting. Then try to discuss the role that number plays in counting.編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2- - DiscussionDiscussionHow many words does Chinese have for “snow”?大雪、中雪、小雪、陣雪大雪、中雪、小雪、陣雪 、瑞雪、瑞雪落白、靈絮、流梨、輸香、空妍落白、靈

49、絮、流梨、輸香、空妍六出、玉龍、玉妃、碎玉、瓊花、瓊瑤、瑤華、六出、玉龍、玉妃、碎玉、瓊花、瓊瑤、瑤華、素塵、梨花柳絮素塵、梨花柳絮2. Look at the pictures below. Can you guess without counting how many roses there are in each picture?The number of roses in each picture:1, 2, 7, 14.編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2- - DiscussionDiscussionWhy it is difficult to tell the accu

50、rate number of the roses without counting. Then try to discuss the role that number plays in counting.Without counting, it is hard to remember how many roses you have seen, for counting is not only a way to know the number of something, but also a way to remember things. In other words, numbers help

51、 people to remember things.編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2 -Reading-ReadingDoes language shape what we think? By Joshua Hartshorne編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2 - - Identifying and synthesizing information1. How has Whorfianism changed over time? What is the main idea of Whorfianism? The main idea of Whorfianism i

52、s that language affects thought. Why did Pinker call Whorfianism dead in 1994?Because of a lack of scientific evidence to support its claim that language affects thought. What is the new development of Whorfianism? It has undergone a small resurgence. 編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2 - - Identifying and synt

53、hesizing informationHow has Whorfianism changed over time? According to the author, can the new research prove Whorfianism? No, the results are a bit short of showing that language affects thought. Which study is closest to proving Whorfianism? The study on number in Pirah?編輯pptExplore 2Explore 2 -

54、- Identifying and synthesizing information2. What does the spool-balloon matching experiment reveal about the relationship between language and thought.1) same amount 2) lack of number words 3) does not affect 4) handy mnemonics 5) remember 6) easier 7) Language does not affect thought, but it does

55、make it easier to remember thought. 編輯pptExplore 2 Explore 2 -Language Points-Language Points1. This compound notion that language allows you to have ideas otherwise unhaveable, and that by extension people who own different words live in different conceptual worlds called “Whorfianism” after its ac

56、ademic evangelist, Benjamin Lee Whorf is so pervasive in modern thought as to be unremarkable. (Para. 1, Sentence 3)by extension: n. taking the same line of argument further 乃至于乃至于, 甚至于甚至于e.g. 該研究表明電視，乃至于整個(gè)媒體，如何對(duì)政治關(guān)系產(chǎn)生影響該研究表明電視，乃至于整個(gè)媒體，如何對(duì)政治關(guān)系產(chǎn)生影響。1) The study shows that how television and , by exte

57、nsion, media alter political relationships. 編輯pptExplore 2 Explore 2 -Language Points-Language Points1. This compound notion that language allows you to have ideas otherwise unhaveable, and that by extension people who own different words live in different conceptual worlds called “Whorfianism” afte

58、r its academic evangelist, Benjamin Lee Whorf is so pervasive in modern thought as to be unremarkable. (Para. 1, Sentence 3)2) conceptual: n. relating to or based on mental concept 觀念的觀念的; 概念概念的的e.g. 她講解了一些概念性的知識(shí)。她講解了一些概念性的知識(shí)。 She explained some of the conceptual knowledge. 編輯pptExplore 2 Explore 2

59、-Language Points-Language Points1. This compound notion that language allows you to have ideas otherwise unhaveable, and that by extension people who own different words live in different conceptual worlds called “Whorfianism” after its academic evangelist, Benjamin Lee Whorf is so pervasive in mode

60、rn thought as to be unremarkable. (Para. 1, Sentence 3)Translation: 這種理念屬于這種理念屬于“沃爾夫假說沃爾夫假說”，即語言使我們擁有不曾有過的想，即語言使我們擁有不曾有過的想法，那么掌握不同詞匯的人自然就生活在不同的思維世界里。法，那么掌握不同詞匯的人自然就生活在不同的思維世界里?！拔譅柗蚣僬f沃爾夫假說”得名于它的學(xué)術(shù)傳播者得名于它的學(xué)術(shù)傳播者本杰明本杰明李李沃爾夫，這沃爾夫，這套假說在現(xiàn)代思想界傳播甚廣，人們對(duì)此已習(xí)以為常。套假說在現(xiàn)代思想界傳播甚廣，人們對(duì)此已習(xí)以為常。編輯pptExplore 2 Explore 2 -Language