第6章 MATLAB與TXT文件的數(shù)據(jù)交換

1、讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7天 津 科 技 大 學(xué) 數(shù) 學(xué) 系 謝中華E-mail: MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階MATLAB與TXT文件的數(shù)據(jù)交換讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7主要內(nèi)容主要內(nèi)容 從從TXT文件中讀取數(shù)據(jù)文件中讀取數(shù)據(jù) 把數(shù)據(jù)寫入把數(shù)據(jù)寫入TXT文件文件讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7第一節(jié)第一節(jié) 從從TXT文件中讀取數(shù)據(jù)文件中讀取數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫

2、TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-7MATLAB中讀取文本文件的常用函數(shù)中讀取文本文件的常用函數(shù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7一、一、 利用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入向?qū)?dǎo)入利用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入向?qū)?dǎo)入TXT文件文件讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7數(shù)據(jù)文件略去數(shù)據(jù)文件略去【例例6.1-1】利用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入向?qū)ёx取文件利用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入向?qū)ёx取文件examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_11.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫

3、TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7二、調(diào)用高級函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)二、調(diào)用高級函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)1. 調(diào)用調(diào)用importdata函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：importdata(filename)A = importdata(filename)A = importdata(filename,delimiter)A = importdata(filename,delimiter,headerline)A D = importdata()A D H = importdata() = importdata(-pastespecia

4、l, ) 讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7 importdata(examp6_2_4.txt) x = importdata(examp6_2_7.txt) x = importdata(examp6_2_3.txt,;) x = importdata(examp6_2_8.txt, ,2) x, s, h = importdata(examp6_2_7.txt) FileContent = importdata(examp6_2_10.txt) 【例例6.1-2】調(diào)用調(diào)用importdata函數(shù)讀取文件函數(shù)讀取文件

5、examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_11.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-72. 調(diào)用調(diào)用load函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：S = load(filename)S = load(filename, variables)S = load(filename, -mat, variables)S = load(filename, -ascii)load(.)load .讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-

6、7 load examp6_2_1.txt load -ascii examp6_2_1.txt x1 = load(examp6_2_2.txt) x1 = load(examp6_2_2.txt, -ascii); load examp6_2_3.txt load examp6_2_4.txt 【例例6.1-3】調(diào)用調(diào)用load函數(shù)讀取文件函數(shù)讀取文件examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_12.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-73. 調(diào)用調(diào)用dlmread函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用

7、格式：調(diào)用格式：M = dlmread(filename)M = dlmread(filename, delimiter)M = dlmread(filename, delimiter, R, C)M = dlmread(filename, delimiter, range)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7 x = dlmread(examp6_2_3.txt) x = dlmread(examp6_2_3.txt, , 2, 3) x = dlmread(examp6_2_3.txt, , 1, 2, 2, 5) x

8、 = dlmread(examp6_2_5.txt) x = dlmread(examp6_2_6.txt) x = dlmread(examp6_2_9.txt)【例例6.1-4】調(diào)用調(diào)用dlmread函數(shù)讀取文件函數(shù)讀取文件examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_11.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-74. 調(diào)用調(diào)用textread函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：A,B,C, = textread(filename,format)A,B,C, = textread(file

9、name,format,N) = textread(,param,value,)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-7textread函數(shù)支持的函數(shù)支持的format字符串字符串讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-7textread函數(shù)支持的參數(shù)名與參數(shù)值列表函數(shù)支持的參數(shù)名與參數(shù)值列表讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7 x1 = textread(examp6_2_1.txt); x2 = textread(ex

10、amp6_2_2.txt); x3 = textread(examp6_2_3.txt,delimiter,); c1,c2,c3,c4,c5=textread(examp6_2_4.txt,%f %f %f %f %f,delimiter,;*); x5 = textread(examp6_2_5.txt,emptyvalue,-1) x8 = textread(examp6_2_8.txt,headerlines,7) x9 = textread(examp6_2_9.txt,delimiter, ,whitespace,+i) c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8 = text

11、read(examp6_2_9.txt,.%f %f %f %f %f %f %f %f,delimiter, ,whitespace,+i);【例例6.1-5】調(diào)用調(diào)用textread函數(shù)讀取文件函數(shù)讀取文件examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_11.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7三、調(diào)用低級函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)三、調(diào)用低級函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)1. 調(diào)用調(diào)用fopen函數(shù)打開文件函數(shù)打開文件調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：fid, message = fopen(filename, permission)fi

12、lename, permission = fopen(fid)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-72. 調(diào)用調(diào)用fclose函數(shù)關(guān)閉文件函數(shù)關(guān)閉文件調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：status = fclose(fid)status = fclose(all)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-73. 調(diào)用調(diào)用fseek、ftell、frewind和和feof函數(shù)控制讀寫位置函數(shù)控制讀寫位置調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：status = fseek(fid, offset,

13、origin) position = ftell(fid) frewind(fid) eofstat = feof(fid) 讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-74. 調(diào)用調(diào)用fgets、fgetl函數(shù)讀取文件的下一行函數(shù)讀取文件的下一行調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：tline = fgets(fid)tline = fgets(fid, nchar)tline = fgetl(fid)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-75. 調(diào)用調(diào)用textscan函數(shù)讀取數(shù)

14、據(jù)函數(shù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：C = textscan(fid, format)C = textscan(fid, format, N)C = textscan(fid, format, param, value, )C = textscan(fid, format, N, param, value, )C = textscan(str, )C, position = textscan()讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7 fid = fopen(examp6_2_8.txt,r); fgets(fid); fget

15、s(fid); A = textscan(fid, %f %f %f %f %f %f, CollectOutput, 1)A = 3x6 double fgets(fid); fgets(fid); B = textscan(fid, %f %f %f, CollectOutput, 1)B = 2x3 double fclose(fid); 【例例6.1-6】調(diào)用調(diào)用textscan函數(shù)讀取文件函數(shù)讀取文件examp6_2_1.txt至至examp6_2_13.txt中的數(shù)據(jù)中的數(shù)據(jù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7

16、第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 把數(shù)據(jù)寫入把數(shù)據(jù)寫入TXT文件文件讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-7MATLAB中寫文本文件的常用函數(shù)中寫文本文件的常用函數(shù)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7一、調(diào)用一、調(diào)用dlmwrite函數(shù)寫入數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)寫入數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)用格式：調(diào)用格式：dlmwrite(filename, M)dlmwrite(filename, M, D)dlmwrite(filename, M, D, R, C)dlmwrite(filename, M, attrib1, valu

17、e1, attrib2, value2, )dlmwrite(filename, M, -append)dlmwrite(filename, M, -append, attribute-value list)讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-7dlmwrite函數(shù)支持的參數(shù)名與參數(shù)值列表函數(shù)支持的參數(shù)名與參數(shù)值列表讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLAB從零到進階從零到進階. 2022-3-72022-3-7 x=1.455390+1.360686i 8.692922+5.797046i 5.498602+1.449548i

18、8.530311+6.220551i3.509524+5.132495i 4.018080+0.759667i 2.399162+1.233189i 1.839078+2.399525i4.172671+0.496544i 9.027161+9.447872i 4.908641+4.892526i 3.377194+9.000538i; dlmwrite(examp6_2_9.txt, x, delimiter, , newline, pc)【例例6.2-1】用逗號作為分隔符，調(diào)用用逗號作為分隔符，調(diào)用dlmwrite函數(shù)將如下復(fù)數(shù)矩函數(shù)將如下復(fù)數(shù)矩陣寫入文件陣寫入文件examp6_2_9.txt讀寫讀寫TXT數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 謝中華謝中華, MATLA