總結(jié)學(xué)位英語?？颊Z法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上第一節(jié) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)考試重點(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（if 從句和as soon as 從句）；進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別；完成時(shí)瞬間動(dòng)詞以及have （has）been, have（has）gone的區(qū)別；過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語；將來完成時(shí)。一、一般現(xiàn)在式：1、表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)：常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day, every week的等時(shí)間狀語連用。例：He goes to work every day. 他每天去上班。2、表示普遍的真理。由于是眾所周知的客觀事實(shí)，所以一般不用時(shí)間狀語。

2、例：The earth is round. 地球是圓的。3、有些表示心理狀態(tài)或感情的動(dòng)詞往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：I dont think you are right.我以為你錯(cuò)了。4、在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作：常用的連詞有as soon as，when，till，if。（1）They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they _their exams.A. have finishedB. finishC. finishedD. was finishing（答案：B）（1996年22題）（2）When the mixture _,

3、 it will give off a powerful force.A. will heatB. will be heatedC. is heatedD. has heated（答案：C）（1992年59題）二、一般過去時(shí)：1、表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)：常和過去時(shí)間狀語連用。just now, last year, when I was 8years old等。例：Youve already missed too many classes this term .You _ two classes just last week.A. missedB. would missC. had missed

4、D. have missed（答案：A。有具體的時(shí)間狀語要用過去時(shí)。）（1995年59題）2、used to do sth：過去常常做例：I used to take a walk in the morning.我過去是在早晨散步。（意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了。）3、it is high time（that）句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。例：Dont you think it is time you _ smoking?A. give upB. gave upC. would give upD. should give up（答案：B）（1999年31題）三、一般將來時(shí)1、will（shall）+原

5、形動(dòng)詞：表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例：He will come and help you. 他會(huì)來幫助你的。2、be going to +動(dòng)詞原形：表示馬上就要發(fā)生的事情或打算好要做的事。例：Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去聽這個(gè)演講嗎？3、be to +動(dòng)詞原形： 表示安排或計(jì)劃好了的動(dòng)作。例：The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.三環(huán)路將在國慶節(jié)前通車。4、be about to +動(dòng)詞原形：表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。5、例：The lecture is ab

6、out to begin.講座即將開始。6、某些表示開始、終結(jié)、往來行動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞如：go ,come, start, arrive， leave 等的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示將來。（1）We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我們明天動(dòng)身去北京。（2）The foreign guests are arriving in Jinan tonight. 外賓今晚到達(dá)濟(jì)南。四、過去將來時(shí)表示在過去預(yù)計(jì)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用于賓語從句。例：He wanted to know when the conference would start.他想知道會(huì)議何時(shí)開始。五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、表

7、示此時(shí)此刻（說話時(shí)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例：The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學(xué)生交談。2、表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但此刻并不一定在進(jìn)行。例：I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1、表示在過去某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常需用表示過去的時(shí)間狀語或通過上下文來判斷時(shí)間。例：He was doing his homework from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)他正在做作業(yè)。2、when 和while 的用法（1

8、）I fell and hurt myself while I _tennis.A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played（答案：A。連接詞when 表示時(shí)間上的點(diǎn)，其所引導(dǎo)的句子用過去時(shí)，while 表示持續(xù)的一段時(shí)間，其所引導(dǎo)的句子用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。）（1998年43題）（2）When you _ this over with her, you should not see her any more.A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. talking（答案為B）（1999年35題）（3）One of the gu

9、ards _ when the general came in, which made him very angry.A. has slept B. were sleeping C, slept D. was sleeping（答案為D）（1996年23題）3、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去將來的動(dòng)作。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來的動(dòng)作，同樣，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以表示從過去某時(shí)間看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：He went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.他去看小李。他第二天一早就要離開此地了。七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1、表示動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束（常和just,

10、now, already, yet等詞連用）；或表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果（一般不用時(shí)間狀語）。（1）Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明剛剛把燈關(guān)上。（說明現(xiàn)在燈已經(jīng)關(guān)上了）（2）I have lost my pen. 我把筆丟了。（說明過去某時(shí)丟的，現(xiàn)在我還沒有找到這支筆。）2、表示過去某時(shí)開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去（常用since引導(dǎo)的短語或從句，或由for 引導(dǎo)的短語連用）。（1）He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在這兒已經(jīng)三十年了。（現(xiàn)在還住在這兒）（2）Theyve known each ot

11、her since childhood. 他們從小彼此相識(shí)。（現(xiàn)在還繼續(xù)來往）3、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)和it is +時(shí)間+since.（過去時(shí)）英語中有些動(dòng)詞不能延續(xù)， 因此不能和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用。（1）He has _ the army for ten years and is now an officer.A. gone intoB. joined inC. been inD. come into（答案：C。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示“繼續(xù)”的概念時(shí)，只能用含有持續(xù)意義的動(dòng)詞，不可用瞬間性動(dòng)詞。1995年49題）（2）It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .

12、我離開上海已經(jīng)三年了。（如果是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)常用 it is +時(shí)間+since 的句型代替，從句用過去時(shí)態(tài)。）4、have（has）been to 和have （has）gone to 的區(qū)別have（has ）been to：去過某地（表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷），可以和once，twice，often，never，ever 連用。have（has）gone to：去某地了（表示某人已經(jīng)離開此地，在去某地的路途上或已在某地，所以一般來說此句型只用于第三人稱），此句型不能與上述時(shí)間狀語連用。（1）He has gone to America.（意思為他已經(jīng)去了美國，現(xiàn)在不在此地）（2）He has

13、 been to America twice. 他去過美國兩次。八、過去完成時(shí)1、表示在過去的某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作（即過去的過去）。這個(gè)過去的某一時(shí)間可用by, before等介詞或連詞引導(dǎo)的短語或一個(gè)從句來表示。例：About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _ paper.A. inventedB. had inventedC. have inventedD. had been invented（答案：B）（1997年35題）2、表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到另一個(gè)過去的時(shí)

14、間的動(dòng)作。例：The chemistry class _ for five minutes when we hurried there.A. had been onB. was onC. has been onD. would be on（答案：A）（1995年24題）3、在含有before, after, as soon as 等連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，由于連詞本身可以明確表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序，因此，主句和從句都可以用一般過去時(shí)表示，而不用過去完成時(shí)。例：I called him as soon as I arrived.我剛一到就給他打電話。4、過去完成時(shí)常用在no sooner

15、than, hardly/scarcely/barelywhen，一就。句型之中，句子到裝。（1）No sooner had we sat down _ we found it was time to go.A. thanB. whenC. asD. while（答案為A）（1997年50題）（2）Scarcely had he opened the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out.他剛打開門，蠟燭就被一陣風(fēng)吹滅了。九、將來完成時(shí)：表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前完成的動(dòng)作。1、By the time John gets home, his au

16、nt _.A. will haveB. leavesC. will have leftD. is leaving（答案：C）（1995年25題）2、I _ writing the article by the time you get back.A. shall finishB. must have finishedC. have finishedD. shall have finished（答案：D） （2000年24題）十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過去某時(shí)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作一般會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去，或是到說話時(shí)結(jié)束， 但是強(qiáng)調(diào)到說話時(shí)為止一直在做的動(dòng)作。例：I _ on the d

17、oor for ten minutes now without an answer.A. was knockingB. am knockingC. knockingD. have been knocking（答案：D）（1998年49題）第二節(jié) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)考試重點(diǎn)：感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的含義。一、感官動(dòng)詞及使役動(dòng)詞（如：see，feel，hear，watch，make，bid）在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中用無to不定式做賓補(bǔ)，改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加to。1、The middle-aged man was seen _ out of the house

18、on the afternoon of the murder.A. cameB. comeC. to comeD. have come（答案為C）（2000年58題）2、We were made to study harder. 我們被要求努力學(xué)習(xí)。二、有些動(dòng)詞后面接一個(gè)介詞或副詞，構(gòu)成短語。變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，短語動(dòng)詞做及物動(dòng)詞用。1、The children are well looked after. 這些孩子得到了很好的照顧。2、The doctor has been sent for. 已經(jīng)派人去請大夫了。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞。1、The work must

19、 be finished before lunch. 這項(xiàng)工作必須在午飯前干完。2、Nothing can be seen from here. 從這兒什么也看不見。四、用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的含義常用：need/require +doing sth（=to be done）（此句型主語大多為物）例：My room is a mess. It needs _.A to be tidying upB. tidying upC. to tidy upD. tidied up（答案為B）（2000年47題）第三節(jié) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考試重點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用來表示能力、允許、許諾、可能、勸告、意愿等概念或態(tài)

20、度。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱變化，在句子中和動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。根據(jù)這幾年的考試看，著重測驗(yàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞接完成時(shí)的用法。一、must +現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示對已發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定的猜測。1、Mr. Green _ my letter, otherwise he would have replied before now.A. must have receivedB. must have failed to receiveC. must receiveD. must fail to receive（答案：B）（1998年44題）2、I believe he _ an accident, otherwise he

21、 would have arrived on time.A. would have hadB. could have hadC. should have hadD. must have had（答案為D）（2001年58題）二、should （ought to ）+完成時(shí)表示應(yīng)該做的事情而沒有做，否定式表示不該做的事情做了。含有對過去的動(dòng)作的責(zé)備、批評(píng)。1、They have done things they ought _.A. not to doB. not to be doneC. not to have doneD. not having done（答案為C）（1999年59題）2、I

22、m sorry I couldnt get in touch with him before he left, I _ him earlier.A. had a telephoneB. have phonedC. should have phonedD. should be phoned（答案為C）（2000年26題）三、could +完成時(shí)表示能做的事情而沒有做。表示對過去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，遺憾。1、He could have joined us, but he didnt get our invitation in time.他本來能夠參加我們的，但是他沒有收到我們的請貼。2、I

23、could have passed, but I did not study hard enough.我本來能及格的，但是沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)。第四節(jié) 虛擬語氣如果所表示的條件根本不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性很小時(shí)，稱為虛擬條件句?？荚囍攸c(diǎn)：虛擬語氣的基本形式和用法；if的省略形式；含蓄條件句；以wish（that）引導(dǎo)的表示“愿望”的賓語從句；would rather 引導(dǎo)的從句；以as if, as though 引導(dǎo)的從句；以suggest, advise, insist 等詞后引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；It is necessary（important）that引導(dǎo)的主語從句；It is time （tha

24、t）句型中。一、虛擬語氣的基本形式和用法：虛擬（條件）語氣中，主句與從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的形式可分為下面三類：1、I would ask George to lend us the money if I _ him.A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. know（答案：C。與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反，從句用過去時(shí)）（1995年38題）2、Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language?A. spokeB. speakC. had spokenD. w

25、ill speak（答案：A。與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。）3、If Bob_ with us, he would have had a good time.A. would comeB. would have comeC. had comeD. came（答案為C。與過去的事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)。）（1995年59題）二、if的省略形式在虛擬條件句中， 如謂語包含were , had, should等詞， 則可以把這些詞放到主語前面，省略if。1、_ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questi

26、ons.A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. Did I have realized thatD. As I realized（答案：B。虛擬條件句有時(shí)可以省略if，而將謂語中的過去式were，had，或should等移至主語之前。）（1996年39題）2、_, I should ask them some questions.A. Should they come to usB. If they come to usC. Were they come to usD. Had they come to us（答案：A。與將來事實(shí)相反。）（1997年30題）三、

27、含蓄條件句有時(shí)一個(gè)假設(shè)的情況不用條件從句表示，而用其它方式來表示，這樣的句子叫含蓄條件句。常用with，without，but for。1、Without your help, we _ so much.A. didnt achieveB. would not have achievedC. will not achieveD. dont achieve（答案：B。這是一句含蓄條件句，條件暗含在介詞短語without your help中，因此要用虛擬語氣。）（1996年33題）2、But for the rain, we _ a nice holiday.A. should haveB. w

28、ould have hadC. would haveD. will have had（答案：B。2003年28題）四、以wish（that）引導(dǎo)的表示“愿望”的賓語從句wish后的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣，而在虛擬語氣中時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用類似在非真實(shí)條件中從句時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用。表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿茫褐髡Zwish 從句（主語過去時(shí)）；表示一個(gè)過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望用：主語wish +從句（主語過去完成時(shí)）；1、Peter wishes that he _ law instead of literature when he was in college.A. could studyB. studiedC. had

29、studiedD. would study（答案：C）（2000年53題）2、I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there.A. wereB. would beC. had beenD. will be（答案：C）（2001年53題）五、would rather句子（過去時(shí)）1、Id _ you didnt touch that, if you dont mind.A. rather B. betterC. happier D. further（答為案：A）（1998年45題）2、I am too busy these days. I wou

30、ld rather all of you _ next month for a dinner.A. comeB. would comeC. cameD. have come（答案為C）（2002年46題）六、以as if，as though引導(dǎo)的從句在as if，as though引導(dǎo)的從句中，如果談?wù)摰氖遣豢赡芑虿徽鎸?shí)的情況時(shí)，它們所引用的狀語從句要用虛擬語氣，動(dòng)詞形式和wish 后面的從中動(dòng)詞形式變化相同。1、He talks as if he _ everything in the world.A. knowsB. knewC. had knownD. would have known（

31、答案：B。as if（though）從句中非真實(shí)性情況用虛擬語氣。本句表示說話人對現(xiàn)在的情況有所懷疑，所以用過去時(shí)。）2、You are talking as if you had seen them你談的那么起勁，好像你真的見過似的。（表示想象中的過去的動(dòng)作）七、以suggest，advise，insist等詞后引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。類似的動(dòng)詞有：propose，insist，suggest，order，demand，require，request等。1、The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _ an

32、operation right away so as to save his life.A. hadB. would haveC. haveD. was going to have（答案：C）（1998年28題）2、His mother insisted that he _ the coat when going out.A. put onB. puts onC. to putD. putting on（答案：A）（1999年58題）八、It is necessary/important/urgent that引導(dǎo)的主語從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用should+原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。1

33、、Its desired that she _ to teach us at least twice a week.A. comesB. will comeC. comeD. may come（答案：C）（1997年29題）2、Its urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision is made.A. will be arrangedB. must be arrangedC. be arrangedD. would be arranged（答案：C）（2003年45題）九、It is time (that)引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)

34、。1、Its high time we _ something to stop traffic accident.A. doB. will doC. didD. must do（答案：C）（1996年43題）2、Dont you think it is time you _ smoking?A. give upB. gave upC. would give upD. should give up（答案：B）（1999年31題）第五節(jié) 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞分三種，即：不定式，動(dòng)名詞和分詞。下面分三部分進(jìn)行介紹。一、動(dòng)詞不定式考試重點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法（尤其是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，否定式，被動(dòng)式，完

35、成式等。）；stop和go on接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別；remember，forget接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別；have sth done 和have sb do sth?；拘问街鲃?dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式（not） to make（not） to be made完成式（not） to have made（not） to have been made進(jìn)行式（not） to be making在句子中可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語。（一）動(dòng)詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式， 由不定式符號(hào)to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。1、Good-bye , Mr. Wang. Im plea

36、sed _ you.A. to meetB .meetingC. to have been meetingD. to be met（答案：A）（1998年57題）2、Encouragement through praise is the most effective method of getting people _ their best.A. doB. to doC. doingD. done（答案為B）（1996年44題）（二）動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的對象時(shí)（或動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)），不定式一般要用被動(dòng)式。1、The ability _ is very import

37、ant for any speaker.A. to hear clearlyB. to be clearly heardC. to hearing clearlyD. to being clearly heard（答案：B。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。）（1999年39題）2、Mr. and Mrs. Smith didnt expect the house _ so well.A. to be decoratedB. to decorateC. be decoratedD. decorating（答案：A）（1995年22題）（三）動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)如需指出不定式動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)（即邏輯主語時(shí)）要在

38、不定式前用for加名詞（或代詞）表示。1、It was very difficult _ me to learn Spanish.A. ofB. toC. withD. for（答案：D）2、It is necessary _ the papers immediately.A. for you to hand inB. that you hand outC. your hand inD. for your hand in（答案：A）（四）動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語所表示的動(dòng)作之前。1、Judging from his manners at the party, he do

39、esnt seem _ much education.A. to receiveB. to be receivingC. to have receivedD. to have been received（答案：C。表示發(fā)生在主要?jiǎng)釉~之前的動(dòng)作，要用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式。）（1997年45題）2、The book is said _ into several foreign languages up to now.A. to translateB. to have translateC. to have been translatedD. to be translated（答案：C）（五）stop

40、 和go on后面接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞表示停下或繼續(xù)正在做的事情；不定式表示停下以便做某事或改做另外一件事情。1、The old man walked slowly, stopping frequently _.A. on restB. at restC. restingD. to rest（答案：D。“to rest”作目的狀語，意思為“停下來的目的是為了休息”。）（1999年29題）2、Men will never stop _ for new ways of getting new energy.A. searchB. to searchC. searchingD. search

41、ed（答案：C）3、You have been talking for two hours. How long do you intend to go on _ like that?A. talkingB. to talkC. doing talkingD. talk（答案：A）（六）remember 和forget接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別remember, forget + doing sth：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。remember, forget +to do sth：表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。1、Dont forget _ the window before leaving the room.A.

42、to have closedB. to closeC. having closedD. closing（答案：B。to close表示一個(gè)在leaving 之后發(fā)生的將來的動(dòng)作）（2001年28題）2、I remember giving the letter to him.我記得把信給他了。（giving表示一個(gè)在remember之前發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作。）（七）have sth done 和 have sb do sth的用法1、We are going to have our office _ to make room for a new engineer.A. to rearrangeB. re

43、arrangeC. rearrangedD. rearranging（答案：C。have sth done:表示這個(gè)動(dòng)作由別人來做。）（2002年50題）2、Ill _ that Im a qualified engineer.A. have you knowB. have known youC. have you knowingD. have you know（答案：A。表示讓某人做某事。）（2003年25題）第五節(jié) 非謂語動(dòng)詞考試重點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語，完成式，被動(dòng)式，否定式；動(dòng)名詞做介詞的賓語，有時(shí)介詞可省略；“to”的作用?；拘问剑褐鲃?dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般時(shí)doingbeing done

44、完成時(shí)having donehaving been done在句子中可以充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語和定語。一、動(dòng)名詞的基本用法：1、We shall appreciate _ from you soon.A. being heardB. hearingC. to hearD. having been heard（答案：B。appreciate后接動(dòng)名詞做賓語。）（1998年42題）2、John suggested _ anything about it until they found out more facts.A. not to sayB. saying notC. to say notD.

45、not saying（答案：D。suggest后接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，否定式要在動(dòng)名詞前加“not”）（1995年53題）二、動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)：表示的動(dòng)作在謂語所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)。1、I dont remember _.A. ever to be sayingB. to have ever saidC. having ever said thatD. ever said that（答案：C）2、I regret having done such a thing.我后悔做了這樣的事。三、動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式1、No one avoid _ by advertisements.A. inf

46、luencedB. influencingC. to influenceD. being influenced（答案：D）2、Susan was very unhappy for not _ to the party.A. to be invitedB. having been invitedC. invitingD. to have been invited（答案：B）四、動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語是代詞時(shí)可使用形容詞性的物主代詞或代詞的賓格。1、He forgot about _ him to attend my wifes birthday party.A. I askingB.

47、 my askingC. me to askD. mine to ask（答案：B。做介詞 about 的賓語， 物主代詞+動(dòng)名詞，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。）（1998年29題）2、I object to his （him）making private calls on the office phone.我反對他用辦公室的電話打私人電話。五、動(dòng)名詞做介詞的賓語，有時(shí)介詞可省略。1、Dont risk _ the job which so many people want.A. losingB. to loseC. lostD. your life to lose（答案：A。risk后接動(dòng)名詞做賓

48、語，risk（in）doing sth.中的介詞in常省略。）（1999年57題）2、I dont think it is any use _ this matter any further.A. discussingB. to discussC. to discussingD. to be discussed（答案：A。it is no use （good）doing做沒有用（好處），動(dòng)名詞做介詞in的賓語，常省略。）六、有的動(dòng)詞后的to 既可以是不定式符號(hào)，又可以是介詞，使用時(shí)要特別注意。1、You dont object _ you by your first name, do you?

49、A. for me to callB. me to callC. to my callingD. my calling（答案：C。object to 中的to是介詞，故接動(dòng)名詞做賓語。）（1996年21題）2、The students are looking forward to _ their parents in winter vacation.A. seeB. watchC. seeingD. being seen（答案：C）第五節(jié) 非謂語動(dòng)詞考試重點(diǎn)：分詞在句中的作用；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式和過去分詞的區(qū)別；現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別；分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語是否一致；分詞的獨(dú)立主格；wit

50、h（without）引導(dǎo)的分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。-ING分詞是指由動(dòng)詞原形-ING構(gòu)成的、具有完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，具體形式如下：主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式現(xiàn)在式doingbeing done過去時(shí)done完成時(shí)having donehaving been done就其語法功能而言，它可以作表語、補(bǔ)足語、狀語和定語。一、分詞在句中的作用1、She was sitting in an armchair _ a book.A. readingB. to readC. to be readingD. to have read（答案：A。分詞短語在句中做伴隨狀語。）（1995年37題） 2、_ an

51、ything about the accident, he went to work as well.A. Not knowB. Know notC. Knowing notD. Not knowing（ 答案：D。分詞做原因狀語）（2000年28題） 3、They all returned to the village _ that the danger was over.A. convincingB. convincedC. to convinceD. having convinced（答案：B。過去分詞做伴隨狀語）（1997年57題） 4、We kept our _ all night

52、to frighten the wolves.A. burning fireB. burnt fireC fire burningD. fire burnt（答案：C?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）（1997年55題）二、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別1、She told me that it was the most _ gift her daughter had received.A. delightingB. delightedC. delightsD. delight（答案：A?，F(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是事物，常譯作“令人”，具有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的意思。過去分詞修飾人，常譯作“感到”，具有被動(dòng)、完成的概念。又如：a moved audience：受感動(dòng)的觀眾。）（2003年38題）2、My parents are _ with my progress.A. pleaseB. pleasedC. pleasingD. being pleased （答案：B。）三、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式和過去分詞的區(qū)別。1、The interviewer should take down notes at the moment the person _ answers