英美歷史提綱

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上時間 人物 事件 文件 意義1861-1865 Lincoln Civil War Homestead Act abolition of slavery 時間 事件 人物 文件公元前1000年-公元前100年Celts(凱爾特人)入侵不列顛島公元前55年 Caesar（羅馬人凱撒）入侵不列顛島 Caesar （凱撒） 公元前55年-公元5世紀末Caesar(羅馬人凱撒)入侵不列顛 約120年修建 Hadrian Wall（哈德良長城）Roman Emperor Hadrian (羅馬皇帝哈德良)約450年-1066年Germanic Tribes （日耳曼部落）中的A

2、ngles（盎格魯人）, Saxons（撒克遜人）, Jutes(朱特人)入侵不列顛7世紀初入侵的日耳曼部落建立起七國，史稱Heptarchy（七國時代）870年Alfred the Great (阿爾弗雷德大王)擊敗入侵的Danes（丹麥人）1066年黑斯廷之戰(zhàn)(Hasting Battle) ,Duke William of Normandy (法國的諾曼底公爵威廉)擊敗英國國王哈羅爾德（Harold），占領(lǐng)英格蘭，史稱諾曼底征服（Norman Conquest） 1215年簽訂限制王權(quán)的Great Charter（大憲章）約翰王King John Great Charter大憲章 133

3、7-1453年英法百年戰(zhàn)爭（The Hundred Years' War）英王愛德華三世（Edward III）首先發(fā)起戰(zhàn)爭1348-1350年黑死?。╞lack death）爆發(fā),英國人口減少三分之一1455-1485年玫瑰戰(zhàn)爭（Wars of Roses）交戰(zhàn)雙方是蘭開斯特家族（Houses of Lancaster, 由紅玫瑰代表) 和約克家族（ York House，由白玫瑰代表） 1534年英王亨利八世（ Henry VIII） 通過至尊法案，宣稱英國國教 (Church of England)擺脫羅馬教皇控制，英王就是英國教會首腦英王亨利八世（ Henry VIII）至尊法

4、案Act of Supremacy1588英國擊敗西班牙無敵艦隊(Armada)164251英國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)（The English Civil War） 查理一世（Charles I）被斬首，克倫威爾（Cromwell）上臺執(zhí)政1688光榮革命Glorious Revolution 推翻詹姆士二世（James II）統(tǒng)治，權(quán)力法案Bill of Rights1775-1783The Seven Years War(七年英法戰(zhàn)爭), 法國戰(zhàn)敗，英國獲得法國北美的殖民地 巴黎和約Peace Treaty of Paris1780-1830工業(yè)革命The Industrial Revolution 瓦特（

5、James Watt）改良蒸汽機1836-1848工人階級爭取政治權(quán)利的“憲章運動”（The Chartist Movement） 1837-1901維多利亞女王在位時期Victorian Age Queen of Victoria1914-1918The World War I Britain joined the Entente countries against central powers 1939-1945The World War I Britain joined Allies(同盟國) against Axis（軸心國）Winston Churchill was the war-

6、time prime minister and Nobel Prize winner for literature. 時間 事件 人物 文件 1492Discovery of New Continent Christopher Columbus哥倫布 1607First English colony was founded at Jamestown, VirginiaCaptain John Smith 斯密斯船長 1620102 Puritans, to escape religious persecution, sailed in a ship called Mayflower arriv

7、ed at PlymouthWilliam Bradford 布萊德福特Mayflower Compact 五月花號公約 1774the first Continental Congress（第一次大陸會議） was held in Philadelphia 1775the battles of Lexington （來克星敦） broke out and the War of Independence began. 1775The second Continental Congress(第二次大陸會議) was held in Philadelphia and the Congress fo

8、unded a Continental Army and Navy under the Command of George Washington.George Washington.1776.7.4the Declaration of Independence was first drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4th, at a session of the second Continental CongressThomas JeffersonJohn AdamsBenjamin FranklinRobert Livingsto

9、nRoger ShermanDeclaration of Independence1777American Troops defeated the British at Saratoga, a turning point of the war. 1783the Treaty of Paris was signed, in which Britain recognized the independence of AmericaTreaty of Paris 巴黎條約 1788the 美國憲法 was ratified 1789The first American Federal Governme

10、nt（第一屆聯(lián)邦政府） was established; 1789The Bill of Rights, forbidding federal restriction of personal freedoms and guaranteeing a range of legal protections, was adopted.Bill of Rights 人權(quán)法案 1803bought Louisiana from France1818bought Florida from Spain 1840sAnnexed(吞并) Texas, New Mexico and California from

11、 Mexico 1861-1865American Civil WarAbram Lincoln Homestead Act宅地法; Proclamation of Emancipation 解放黑奴宣言 1863the Union Army(聯(lián)邦軍隊) under the command of General Grant defeated the Confederate Army(邦聯(lián)軍隊) at Gettysburg, the turning point of the Civil War.Gettysburg Address 葛底斯堡演說 1867bought Alaska from Russia 1898Defeated Spain and annexed Hawaii 1929-1933Great Depression Presi