新視野大學英語第三版讀寫教程第一冊第一單元課文單詞詳細講解

1、v1.0可編輯可修改Section A Text A Toward a brighter future for all1. Goodafternoon! As president of the university, I amproud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to mak

2、e your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作為校長，我非常自豪地歡迎你們來到這所大學。你們所取得的成就是你 們自己多年努力的結(jié)果，也是你們的父母和老師們多年努力的結(jié)果。在這所大學里，我們承諾將使你們學有所成。Words and phrase1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for

3、one so young.2. triumph n being successful or victorious成功,勝禾shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. (over sb/sth) be successful or victorious triumph over one's difficulties戰(zhàn)勝困難.3. pledge v sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,e

4、tc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge保證給予(支持等)；以(誓言、名譽等)作擔保： pledge loyalty to the king 發(fā)誓效忠國王be pledged to keeping a secret誓守秘密. sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc 保證某人自 己做某事或支持某事業(yè)等The Government has pledged itself to send ai

5、d to the famine victims.政府已承諾賑濟饑民.Tn leave （sth） with sb as a pledgeHe's pledged his mother's wedding ring.典當（某物）Tn （fml ） drink to the health of （sb）; toast （sb）為（某人）的健康祝酒；向（某人）祝酒：pledge the bride（新娘） and bridegroom （新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit值得的;有意義的；有

6、回報的Our journey to the orphanage （ 孤兒院）was a very rewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as.as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as盡力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possibleI hope you ' ll stay as long as possible.We need as

7、many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note: adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，構(gòu)成adj ,主要用于表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征, 或某物或某事給人的感覺、情感、印象等。這類詞包括 welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting, frightening, alarming, surprising等。例如：a welcoming smile 熱情的微笑a charming house

8、on the outskirts of the town在城鎮(zhèn)交B外的棟漂亮的房子an alarming increase in housing price房價的驚人增長A surprising number of men stay bachelors.有相當多的男子仍然是單身。2. -ing加在intransitive verb之后，構(gòu)成adj ,表示某事或某人仍然處于某種狀2學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改態(tài)。例如：a recurring problem反復出現(xiàn)的問題his aging mother 他那日漸蒼老的母親 He wore his hair in the prevailin

9、g fashion.他的頭發(fā)理的是當時盛行的發(fā)型。Paraphrase1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers.Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success. This success is due to many years of your hard work, and many years of your parents ' and

10、teachers ' hard work.2 Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.3 . In welcoming you to the university, Iam reminded of my own high scho

11、olgraduation and the photograph mymonlook of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mominstructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of mehanding him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.在歡迎你們到來的這一刻，我想起自己高中

12、畢業(yè)時的情景，還有媽媽為我和爸爸拍 的合影。媽媽吩咐我們：“姿勢自然點?！薄暗纫坏?，”爸爸說，“把我遞給他鬧鐘的情景拍下來?！痹诖髮W期間，那個鬧鐘每天早晨叫醒我。至今它還放在我辦公室的桌子上。Words and phrase1. remind v inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒:Do I have to remind you yet again3學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改Remind me to answer that letter.sb of sb/sth cause sb

13、to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth使某人回想起或意識到某人某事物:He reminds me of his brother.This song reminds me of France.reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth.起提醒作用的東西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn ' t quite finished.The waiters were clearing the tables, w

14、hich served as a reminder that it was time to leave.2. pose v（a） I, Ipr（for sb） sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed擺好姿勢（以便畫像或拍照） ：He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath.他得擺好戴著月桂花冠的姿勢.*（b） Tn put （sb） in a particular position in order to paint, draw or

15、photograph him 使（某人）擺好姿勢（以便畫像或拍照）： The artist posed his model carefully.那位畫家仔細擺好模特兒的姿勢.1 （derog 貶）behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 裝月空作勢:Stop posing and tell us what you really think.另裝蒜啦,告訴我們你的真實想法吧.pose n1 position in which a person poses or is posed （pose 1b）（為畫像或

16、拍照而擺的）姿勢，姿態(tài)：She adopted an elegant pose.她擺了一個優(yōu)美的姿勢.2 （derog 貶）unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 裝腔作勢的舉動 ：His concern for the poor is only a pose.他對窮人的關心只不過是做做樣子罷了 .4學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改Paraphrase 1 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school

17、graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. (Para. 2) Meaning: When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.3 Let meshare with you something that you maynot expect. You will miss your old

18、routines and your parents' reminders to work hard and attain your best.You mayhave cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of

19、 the past.讓我來告訴你們一些你們未必預料得到的事情。你們將會懷念以前的生活習慣，懷 念父母曾經(jīng)提醒你們要刻苦學習、取得佳績。你們可能因為高中生活終于結(jié)束而喜 極而泣，你們的父母也可能因為終于不用再給你們洗衣服而喜極而泣！但是要記住：未來是建立在過去扎實的基礎上的。Words and phrase1. routine n C, U fixed and regular way of doing things程序； 公事；常規(guī)：She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.do sth as a mat

20、ter of routine按常規(guī)辦事attrib作定語routine tasks, chores, duties, etc日常工作、 日常事務、例行職責.C set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance舞蹈等表演的成套動作：go through a dance routine做一套舞蹈動作.routine adj usual; habitual; regular通常的；慣例的；例行的：the routine procedure例行手續(xù) *routine maintenance 定期的保養(yǎng) * routinely

21、adv.5學習指導參考資料2. attain v Tn succeed in getting (sth); achieveattain a position of power獲得權(quán)位attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000達至U我們的50000英鎊的目標.attainable adj that can be attainedThese objectives are certainly attainable.attainment n U success in reaching達至U;至U達:

22、The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream.她要實現(xiàn)抱負仍是種夢想.C usu pl thing attained, esp skill or knowledge成就; 造t旨：a scholar of the highest attainments造詣極高的學者.adj pred (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. (with sb/sth) (infml 口)I won't be finished for another hour.我還有

23、一個小時才能完事 .Are you finished with my tools yet我的工具你用完了嗎She decided she was finished with working for others.她決定不再為別人做事.4. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilities She might have changed her mind and decided not to come. 5. foundation nU act of founding (an institution, organizatio

24、n, etc) 建立，倉立， 創(chuàng)辦: the foundation of the universityC (a) (organization set up to provide) sumsof moneyfor research, charity, etc (為研究、慈善事業(yè)等提供的)基金，基金會：You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基； 房基

25、； 基礎： lay the foundations of a building給建筑物奠基6學習指導參考資料C, U principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis(作為某事的)基本原則、思想或事實；基礎：lay the foundations of one's career奠定個人事業(yè)的基礎 *That rumor has no foundation.那謠言沒有事實根據(jù).Grammar一、情態(tài)動詞用于對現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容推測的常見句型有：1、Can/may do sth :表示對現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容的可能性的推測；2、Must do sth :表示

26、對現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容的肯定性的推測。二、情態(tài)動詞用于對過去內(nèi)容推薦的常見句型：1、can/may have done sth :表示對過去內(nèi)容的可能性；2、must have done sth :表示對過去內(nèi)容的肯定性的推測。例：It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.He may have got lost.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwise he would have replied.I believe he must have had an acciden

27、t, otherwise he would have arrived ontime.Collocation note:1. do是最常見的表示“做”的動詞。.Today I have a lot of work to do.2. do常常和表示鍛煉或勞動等方面的名詞或動名詞連用。.do physical exercise/the dishes/one ' s cookingParaphrase1. You will miss your old routines and your parents ' reminders to work hard and attain your b

28、est. (Para. 3)Meaning: You will miss your usual life patterns and your parents ' reminding words that you should work hard and achieve the best you can.2. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school,7學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改and your parents mayhave cried tears of joy to be

29、finally finished with doing your laundry! (Para. 3)Meaning: Perhaps you were so happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually they wouldn' t have to do your laundry any more!Note: Pay attention to the humo

30、r the president creates by contrasting the different responses from children and their parents they all cried, butfor different reasons!know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. (Para.3 )Meaning: But you should know that your future can only be attained when it is built on a

31、 solid past.4 For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible

32、interestfrom the arts to science, to community service and so on. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. Iwant to encourage you to makethe most of this unique experience, and

33、to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.對你們而言，接下來的四年將會是無與倫比的一段時光。在這里，你們擁有豐富的資源：有來自全國各地的有趣的學生，有學識淵博又充滿愛心的老師，有綜合性圖 書館，有完備的運動設施，還有針對不同興趣的學生社團一一從文科社團到理科社 團、到社區(qū)服務等等。你們將自由地探索、學習新科目。你們要學著習慣點燈熬油，學著結(jié)交充滿魅力的人，學著去追求新的愛好。我想鼓勵你們充分利用這一特8學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改殊的經(jīng)歷，并用你們的干勁和熱情去收獲這一機會所帶來

34、的豐碩成果。Words and phrase1. unlike adj pred作表語dissimilar; differentThey are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.prep different from (sth); not like與(某事物)不同；不像.：Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.2. resource nC usu pl supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person

35、, etcwealth 資源：rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources自然的、礦產(chǎn)的、農(nóng)業(yè)的.資源豐富(fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative才智; 機敏;倉造精神：a man of great resource足智多謀的男子 .3. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because theyhave read and studied a lot有學問的； 博學的Myadvisor is a very le

36、arned person and she could answer any question I asked.4. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them關心他人的；樂于助人的The school provides a caring environment for students.學校為學生提供了 充滿關懷的環(huán)境。5. faculty C usually plural a natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc:the

37、 faculty of sight視力the mental faculties智力C of/for doing sth a special ability to do a particular thing做某事物的特殊才能：have a great faculty for learning languages有學習語言的才能 .She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.9學習指導參考資料大學的全體教(AmE) all the teachers of a particular university or college員.facul

38、ty members6. facility n容易學好或做好事物的能力 有（學習）語言的天才 他彈奏鋼琴神乎其技.U, sing ability to learn or do things easily have (a) great facility for (learning) languages He plays the piano with surprising facility.facilities pl circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, oreasier, to do sth; aids能夠或易於做某事的環(huán)境、

39、設備等；輔助物：'sports facilities運動設施facilities for study有助學習的設施medical facilities7. community n. sing the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole 社區(qū)； 團體； 集體； 社會： work for the good of the community 為集體禾益®務 community service 社會服務工作n. group of people of the samereligio

40、n, race, occupation, etc, or with shared interests宗教信仰、種族、職業(yè)等方面相同的人構(gòu)成的集體：the Chinese community in Paris在巴黎的華僑團體a community of monks 僧侶團體.8. get by (on sth) manage to live, survive, etc (using the specified resources); manage; cope (靠某物)勉強維生；設法維持；對付： How does she get by on such a small salaryHe gets

41、by on very little money.9. on: prep.1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order to stayalive 靠一生存Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish. io學習指導參考資料個人以山洞為住所，靠吃野果和生魚活了下來。2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate靠運行W

42、hy can' t we make a car that runs on water我們?yōu)槭裁床荒苤圃斐隹克π旭偟钠嚹?0. fascinating adj extremely interesting:The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.11. pursue v Tn (fml ) follow (sb/sth), esp in order to catch or kill; chase pursue a wild animal, a thief (continue to

43、) be occupied or busy with (sth); go on with進行She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.I have decided not to pursue (ie investigate) the matter any further.12. reap v to cut and collect a crop, especially corn, from a fieldSow the wind and, reap the whirlwind (saying )播種的是風

44、，收割的是暴風start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrous 原無大害的事,彼果去口不堪設想. (fig ) receive (sth) as a result of one's own or others' actions獲得reap the reward of years of study從多年研究中獲得報償Paraphrase1. For you, these next four years will

45、 be a time unlike any other. (Para.4)Meaning: For you, the next four years in university will be different from any other period of time in your life.2. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library,

46、great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science, to community service and so on. (Para. 11學習指導參考資料v1.0可編輯可修改 4)Meaning beyond words: Here the president is introducing to students the many resources available on campus: interesting schoolma

47、tes, knowledgeable and helpful teachers, a big library, great sports equipment, various student organizations, etc. All these will help makestudents ' campuslife colorful and fulfilling.3. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. (Para.4)Meaning: You will have the freed

48、om to examine and learn about new subjects.4. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. (Para. 4)Meaning: You will learn to manage with very little sleep, meet very interesting people, and find new interests.5. I want to encourage you to make th

49、e most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity. (Para. 4)Meaning: I want to encourage you to do all you can to take advantage of this special experience, and to use your energy and passion to benefit from this chance.5 You may feel ov

50、erwhelmed by the wealth of courses available to you. You will not be able to experience them all, but sample them widely! College offers many things to do and to learn, and each of them offers a different way to see the world. If I could give you only one piece of advice about selecting courses, it

51、would be this: Challenge yourself! Don't assume that you know in advance what fields will interest you the most. Take somecourses in fields you've never tried before. Youwill not only emerge as a more broadly educated person, but you will also stand a better chance of discovering an12學習指導參考資

52、料v1.0可編輯可修改unsuspected passion that will help to shape your future. A wonderful example of this is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, whooriginally studied art history. Over time, Wang paired her studies in art history with her love of fashion and turned it into a passion for design, which made her a

53、famous designer around the world.有這么多課程可供選擇，你可能會不知所措。你不可能選修所有的課程，但是要盡可能體驗更多的課程！大學里有很多事情可做可學，每件事情都會為你提供不同視角來審視世界。如果我只能給你們一條選課建議的話，那就是：挑戰(zhàn)自己！ 不要認為你早就了解自己對什么樣的領域最感興趣。選擇一些你從未接觸過的領域的課程。這樣，你不僅會變得更加博學，而且更有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一個你未曾想到的、能成就你未來的愛好。一個絕佳的例子就是時裝設計師王薇薇，她最初學的是藝術(shù)史。隨著時間的推移，王薇薇把藝術(shù)史研究和對時裝的熱愛結(jié)合起來，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為對設 計的熱情，從而使她成為全球聞

54、名的設計師。overwhelm v Tn usu passive cover (sth/sb) completely by flowing overor pouring down on it/him(以澆或灌的方式)淹沒A great mass of water overwhelmed the village.大水淹沒了村莊 .(fig ) be overwhelmed with grief, sorrow, despair, etc 陷入悲哀、 悲痛、 絕望等之中(fig ) Overwhelmed with gratitude感激萬分(b) overpower (sb/sth), esp

55、by force of numbers; defeat壓倒, 制® (以數(shù)量勝)；擊敗：be overwhelmed by the enemyoverwhelming adj attrib too great to resist or overcome; very great壓倒一切的無法抗拒的；巨大的：an overwhelming urge to smoke不可遏止的吸煙沖動an overwhelming victory 極大的勝禾the overwhelming majority of people壓倒性多數(shù).wealth n U (possession of a) large

56、 amount of money, property, etc;riches 貝才富 Wealth had not brought them happiness.sing of sth large amount or number of sth; abundance of sth大量, 眾多，a book with a wealth of illustrations有大量插圖的書a wealth of opportunitywealthy adj (-ier, -iest) richwealthily adv.available adj not usually before noun (of

57、things) that can be used or obtainedYou will be informed when the book becomes available.這本書有貨時就通知你.There is no money available for this project.(of people) free to be seen, talked to, etcI'm available in the afternoon.我下午有空.availability n U.sample n 貨樣；樣品；標本a blood sample 血樣The survey covers a representative sample of the population這項調(diào)查涉及到社會各階層的人士 .small amount of a product given away free免費分發(fā)的/、量試樣 ； 贈樣：hand out free samples of the perfume送出香水的贈樣a sample pack, sachet, etc饋贈的小包、小袋等樣品.v try out or examine (sth) by taking a sa