新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊課后練習(xí)中譯英

1、U1孔子是中國歷史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家學(xué)派(Confucianism )的創(chuàng)始人，被尊稱為古代的"圣人"(sage )。他的言論和生平活動記錄在論語(The Analects )一書中。論語是中國古代文化的經(jīng)典著作，對后來歷代的思想家、文學(xué)家、政治家產(chǎn)生了很大影響。不研究論語，就不能真正把握中國幾千年的傳統(tǒng)文化?？鬃拥暮芏嗨枷?，尤其是其 教育思想，對中國社會產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。在21世紀(jì)的今天，孔子的學(xué)說不僅受到中國人的重視，而且也越來越受到整個國際社會的重視。二Confucius was agreat thinker andeducator in Chinese

2、history. He was the founder ofCon fucia nism and was respectfully referred to as an ancien t "sage". His words and life|story were recorded inThe Analects . An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, TheAn alects has had a great in flue nee on the thin kers, writers, and statesme n th

3、at came after|Con fucius. Without study ing this book, one could hardly truly un dersta ndthethousa nds-of-years' traditi onal Chin ese culture. Much of Con fucius' thought, especially his|thought on educati on, has had a profound in flue nee on Chin ese society. In the 21st cen tury, Con fu

4、cia n thought not only retains the atte nti on of the Chin ese, but it also wins an|increasing attention from the international community.U2每年農(nóng)歷(Chinese lunar calendar)八月 十五是 我 國的傳 統(tǒng)節(jié) 日中 秋節(jié)(theMid-Autu mn Festival )。這時是一年秋季的中期，所以被稱為中秋。中秋節(jié)的一項重要活動 是賞月。夜晚，人們賞明月、吃月餅，共慶中秋佳節(jié)。中秋節(jié)也是家庭團圓的時刻，遠在他 鄉(xiāng)的游子，會借此寄托自己對

5、故鄉(xiāng)和親人的思念之情。中秋節(jié)的習(xí)俗很多，都寄托著人們對美好生活的熱愛和向往。自2008年起，中秋節(jié)成為中國的法定節(jié)假日。Accord ing to the Chin ese lunar cale ndar, August 15 of every year is a traditi onal Chin ese|festival the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so itis calledMid-Autum n. One of the importa nt Mid-Autu mn Festival activit

6、ies is to enjoy the moon. On|that ni ght, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autu mn Festival, look ing up at the|bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People livi ng far away from home will express their feeli ngs of missi ng their hometow ns an

7、d families at this festival. There are many customs to celebrate the festival, all express ing|people's love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official n ati onal holiday in China.U3中國航天業(yè)開創(chuàng)于1956年。幾十年來，中國航天事業(yè)創(chuàng)造了一個又一個奇跡。1970年，中國成功發(fā)射了第一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星，成為世界上第五個獨立自主

8、研制和發(fā)射人造地球衛(wèi)星的國家。1992年，中國開始實施載人航天飛行工程(manned spaceflight program)。2003年，中國成功發(fā)射了"神舟五號"載人飛船，使中國成為第三個發(fā)射載人飛船的國家。2007年發(fā)射了 "嫦娥一號”，即第一顆繞月球飛行(lunar-orbiting )的人造衛(wèi)星。2013年，第五艘 載人飛船"神舟十號”發(fā)射成功，為中國空間站的建設(shè)打下了基礎(chǔ)。China's space industry was launched in 1956. Over the past decades, China's sp

9、ace in dustry has created one miracle after ano ther. I n 1970 China laun ched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program. In 2003 Chin

10、a launched Shenzhou-5 , a manned spaceship. The successfullaunch made China the third country to launch manned spaceships. In 2007 Chang'e-1 , the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. In 2013 Shenzhou-10 , the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the f

11、oun dati on for buildi ng the Chin ese Space Stati on.U4鄭和是中國歷史上最著名的航海家(maritime explorer )。公元1405年，明朝的統(tǒng)治者為了穩(wěn)固邊防(border defense )和開展海上貿(mào)易，派鄭和下西洋( the Western Seas )。在 此后的28年里，鄭和帶領(lǐng)船隊七下西洋，前后出海的人員有10多萬人，訪問了 30多個國家和地區(qū)。船隊縱橫南亞、西亞，一直到非洲大陸。鄭和下西洋是世界航海(navigation )史上的壯舉，它展現(xiàn)了鄭和卓越的航海和組織才能，同時展現(xiàn)了明朝的國力和國威(n atio na

12、lstre ngth and prestige )，加強了明朝和海外各國之間的關(guān)系。Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer inChin ese history .In 1405 AD, theruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to stre ngthe n border defe nse and develop trade by sea. In the follow ing 28 years, Zheng He

13、led his fleet, made seve n voyages to the Wester n Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa. Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a gr

14、eat feat in the world's navigation history. It showed Zheng He's outsta nding n avigati on and orga ni zati on tale nts; mean while, it exhibited the n ati onal stre ngth and prestige of the Ming Dyn asty, and stre ngthe ned the relati on ships betwee n the Ming Dyn asty and the overseas cou

15、n tries.U5太極拳(Tai Chi)是一種武術(shù)(martial arts )項目，也是一種健身運動，在中國有著悠久的 歷史。太極拳動作緩慢而柔和，適合任何年齡、性別、體型的人練習(xí)。太極拳既可防身，又 能強身健體，因而深受中國人的喜愛。太極拳在發(fā)展的過程中，借鑒并吸收了中國傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)、 醫(yī)術(shù)、武術(shù)的合理內(nèi)容(element )，成為特色鮮明的一項運動。作為中國特有的一種運動 形式，太極拳也越來越受到眾多外國朋友的喜愛。Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well. It has a long histor

16、y in China. With slow and gen tle moveme nts, Tai Chi is suitable for people of any age, sex, or body type to practice. It can be used to provide self-defense as well as build the body. Therefore, it has become very popular among Chin ese people. During its developme nt, Tai Chi borrowed and absorbe

17、d desirable eleme nts from traditi onal Chin ese philosophy, medic ine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport with unique features. As a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining in creas ing popularity among many foreig n frien ds.U6改革開放以來，中國的教育事業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展，取得了引人矚目的成就。中國政府把教育擺在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的

18、地位，堅持科教興國(revitalize the country )，全面提倡素質(zhì)教育(quality-orientededucation)。同時，積極推進教育公平，保障人人有受教育的機會。中國的教育成就反映在兩個不同的層面：一個是全面普及了九年義務(wù)教育(nin e-year compulsoryeducation )，另一個是實現(xiàn)了高等教育大眾化( mass higher education )。教育的發(fā)展為中 國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步作出了重大貢獻。近年來，為適應(yīng)社會、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要，中國政府不斷加快培養(yǎng)各領(lǐng)域的急需人才。Since its economic reform and openi

19、ng-up to the world, China's education has gone through rapid developme nt and made remarkable achieveme nts. The Chin esegovernment gives top priority to the development of education, persists in revitalizing the country by scienee and education,and fully advocates quality-orientededucation.Mean

20、 while, it actively promotes equality in educati on to guara ntee every one access to educati on. Chi na's achieveme nts in educati on can be reflected in two differe nt layers: One|is the popularizati on of the nin e-year compulsory educati on; the other is the realizati on of|mass higher educa

21、ti on. The developme nt of educati on has made sig ni fica nt con tributi ons|to China's economic development and social progress. In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and economicdevelopment, theChinese government has sped up the |training of qualified personnel urgently needed in va

22、rious fields.U7為人誠信，以和為貴是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德。”和"的思想體現(xiàn)在很多方面。在處理人與人的關(guān)系上，中國傳統(tǒng)思想主張”和為貴"以及"家和萬事興”，從而創(chuàng)造一個和諧的社會環(huán)境。在人與自然的關(guān)系上，人類應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會認識自然，尊重自然，保護自然。人與人、人與社會、人 與自然都需要”和諧"。如今，和諧發(fā)展依然是我們的治國之本和管理人才之道。隨著我國社 會經(jīng)濟和文化的發(fā)展，”和"的思想更加深入人心。中國正在向構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的目標(biāo) 邁進。In tegrity and harm ony are traditi onal Chin ese

23、 virtues. "Harm ony" is dem on stratedinvarious aspects. In regard to interpersonal relations, traditional Chinese thoughts hold that "Harmony is most precious" and "A family that lives in harmony will prosper". A harm onious social en viro nment can be created based on

24、 these prin ciples. As for relatio ns|between human beings and nature, people should learn to understand, respect and protect n ature. Harmony is esse ntial to in terpers onal relati ons, relati ons betwee n huma n|beings and society, as well as betwee n huma n beings and n ature. Nowadays, harm oni

25、ous|developme nt is still the way of running the country and man agi ng tale nted personn el. With|the development of China's society, economy and culture, the idea of "harmony" goes | even deeper into people's hearts. China is on its way toward the goal of building a harm onious s

26、ocialist society.U8新中國成立后，中國堅持(persist in )獨立自主的和平外交政策，在外交領(lǐng)域取得了巨大成 就。截至2011年，中國已與172個國家建立了外交關(guān)系(diplomatic relations )。近年來， 隨著中國綜合國力的提升(enhancement)，中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用越來越重要，中國的 國際地位得到進一步提升。在地區(qū)性事務(wù)中，中國積極推動各種區(qū)域合作，為維護地區(qū)和平、 促進地區(qū)發(fā)展作出了重要貢獻。中國外交(diplomacy )將高舉”和平、發(fā)展、合作、共贏"的旗幟(banner)，在和平共處五項原則的基礎(chǔ)上，通過全面發(fā)展同各國的友好合作，為建 設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界作出不懈的努力( make unremitting efforts )。Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has persisted in the in depe ndent foreig n policy of peace, a