定語從句超詳細(xì)講解

1、定語從句一學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1,熟練掌握定語從句二考點解析。定從的功能一解釋說明這就是能制造這種這就是我們Thisisthefactorythat/whichcanproducesuchmachines機(jī)器的工廠Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastweek上周參觀的工廠。定語從句定義：一個簡單句跟在名詞或代詞后（先行詞）進(jìn)行修飾限定，就叫做定語從句。這個簡單句在主句中充當(dāng)定語成分。Iboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorse.。定語從句怎么考?語法（2016高考北京卷）22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoften

2、makealotofnoise.A.whoseB.why完形Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52theC.whereD.whichtofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledontrail.（2016高考北京卷）治愈）valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingto閱讀&寫作Anursewhounderstandsthehealing（assist（2016高考全國卷Dinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.篇）Lastyear,Isp

3、entallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.（2016高考北京卷閱讀A篇）。定從原理：把兩個句子合為一個，兩個句子有相同的部分，此時可以把其中一個句子作為另一個句子的修飾限定部分。第1頁共7頁Iboughtacow.Thecowlookedlikeahorse.定語從句：IboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorseIboughtacow.Thecow'sfriendwasahorse.定語從句：Iboughta

4、cowwhosefriendwasahorse。連接定語從句的步驟：一找：找兩句中相同成份，判斷相同部分是人或物二刪：刪除從句中相同部分。三替：平系詞替從句中刪除的部分。四放：X關(guān)系詞放在從句前，將整個從句放到被修飾詞后面。關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞When,where,why關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法：1. that指人或物（指先行詞），在定語從句中做主語，賓語或表語Which指物（指先行詞），在定語從句中做主語或賓語警察找到了撞我車的那輛車我兒子不是五年前的他了Thepolicefoundthecarthat/whichranintomin

5、eMysonisnolongertheboythathewas5yearsago.Who指人（指先行詞），在定語從句中做主語4.Whom指人（指先行詞），在定語從句中做賓語now我想見見剛才給我Iwanttoseethescientistwho/thatgaveusatalkjust們作報告的科學(xué)家Thegirlwhom/thatthefirefighterssavedwassenttothehospital消防員救得那個女孩被送去了醫(yī)院5.Whose指人或物（指先行詞），在定語從句中做定語，即whose+nIwantthebookwhosecoverisred我想要那本封面是紅色的書注意：w

6、hose=theofwhich,theofwhomIwantthebookthecoverofwhichisred第2頁共7頁Where指地方（指先行詞），在定語從句中做地點狀語，有時可以根據(jù)意思把where換成inwhich,atwhich等Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworked20yearsagoThisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworked20yearsago這是我父親20年前工作過的工廠Ithinkyouhavegottoapointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail我猜你已經(jīng)到了一個需要改變

7、的地步，要不你會失敗Youmustnotlookintothecase,whereyourbrotherisinvolved你別參與這個案子的調(diào)查了，因為你弟弟卷進(jìn)去了When指時間（指先行詞），在定語從句中做時間狀語，有時可以根據(jù)意思把when換成inwhich,onwhich,duringwhich等Irememberthedayswheniworkedinthecountry我記得在鄉(xiāng)下度過的日子JulyisthemonthwhenitisthehottestJulyisthemonthinwhichitisthehottest七月是最熱的月份Why指原因，先行詞是reason,在定語從

8、句中做原因狀語，有時可以根據(jù)意思把why換成forwhichWedonotknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhehasgonetoshanghai我們不知道他去上海的原因判斷關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞1.從句中的謂語動詞。事實上，及物動詞后無賓語，就必須用關(guān)系代詞；不及物動詞則要用關(guān)系副詞。Thisisthemountainvillagewhereistayedlastyear這是我去年待過的村子Iwillneverforgetthedayswheniworkedtogetherwithyou我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與你共事的日子Thisisahousethat/whichheusedtolive

9、in。這就是他曾經(jīng)住的房子=Thisisahousewhereheusedtolive=Thisisahouseinwhichheusedtolive2,判斷相同的部分（先行詞）在定語從句中的成分（主語，賓語，定語，狀語）先行詞在從句中做主語，賓語選關(guān)系代詞；作定語只能選whose;作狀語選關(guān)系副第3頁共7頁詞（where地點狀語，when時間狀語，why原因狀語）wheno先行詞是point,situation,case,condition,根據(jù)單詞意思一般選where0。挑戰(zhàn)1 挑戰(zhàn)1下.DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

10、2 A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich.ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.3 A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when.Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.4 A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactoryweareworking.0A.whereB.thatC.whichD.thereheshouldbeable挑戰(zhàn)2下5Asthesmalles

11、tchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingfor.thetimetobeindependent.（陜西卷）A.whichB.where6.CreatinganatmosphereC.whomD.whenemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.（浙江卷）A.asB.whoseC.inwhichD.atwhich7 Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.0（四川卷）A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatWhichorthat?8 .Hewrotemanyc

12、hildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwerepublishedinthe1990s.（慶卷）A.whomB.whichC.themD.That9 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what第4頁共7頁0that和which相比，只能填which的情況介詞非限制性定語從句3.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwantto

13、learnaboutChina.（福建卷）A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichtisatrulydelightfulplace,looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowith0itswindingstreetsandprettycottages.（7胡南卷）A.asB.whereC.thatD.which10 that和which相比，只能填that的情況序數(shù)詞最高級不定代表唯一人和物避重復(fù).Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.11 A.whichB.thatC

14、.whomD.what.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞When,where,why第5頁共7頁。定語從句的省略1,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系詞可省略；2,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語，且為主動態(tài)，關(guān)系詞可省略，且將謂語變成ing形式；3,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語，且為被動態(tài)，關(guān)系詞和be動詞可同時省略。1,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系詞可省略；Whenitcomestogivingourkidstheeducationtheydeserve,Bara

15、ckknowsthatlikemeandlikesomanyofyou,henevercould'veattendedcollegewithoutfinancialaid.2,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語，且為主動態(tài)，關(guān)系詞可省略，且將謂語變成ing形式；That'sthemanIseeinthosequietmomentslateatnight,hunchedoverhisdesk,poringovertheletterspeoplehavesenthim.Theletterfromthefatherstrugglingtopayhisbillsfromthewomandyingo

16、fcancerwhoseinsurancecompanywon'tcoverhercarefromtheyoungpersonwithsomuchpromisebutsofewopportunities.3,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語，且為被動態(tài)，關(guān)系詞和be動詞可同時省略。Throughblooddrawnbylash（枷鎖）andblooddrawnbysword,welearnedthatnounionfoundedontheprinciplesoflibertyandequalitycouldsurvivehalf-slaveandhalf-free.1 三練習(xí)題如果有選項，就用該

17、題的選項，如果沒有選項，則用下列九個選項A.whomB.whoC./D.ThatE.whichF.whereG.WhenH.whyI.whose.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.2 .DoyouknowthemanIspoketo?3 .Thisisthehoteltheystayedatlastmonth.4 .ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.5 .Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.6 .Thisisoneofthebestfi

18、lmshavebeenshownthisyear.第6頁共7頁7 .Canyoulendmethebookyoutalkedabouttheotherday?8 .Thepenheiswritingwithismine.9 .Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboy.10 .Theengineermyfatherworkswithisabout50yearsold.11 .Itthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry?12 .I'minterestedinallyouhavesaid.13 .LiMing,_Iwentwithtotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.14 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.15 .Theletterisfrommysister,isworkingi