定語(yǔ)從句超詳細(xì)講解

1、定語(yǔ)從句一學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1,熟練掌握定語(yǔ)從句二考點(diǎn)解析。定從的功能一解釋說(shuō)明這就是能制造這種這就是我們Thisisthefactorythat/whichcanproducesuchmachines機(jī)器的工廠(chǎng)Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastweek上周參觀(guān)的工廠(chǎng)。定語(yǔ)從句定義：一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句跟在名詞或代詞后（先行詞）進(jìn)行修飾限定，就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句在主句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)成分。Iboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorse.。定語(yǔ)從句怎么考?語(yǔ)法（2016高考北京卷）22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoften

2、makealotofnoise.A.whoseB.why完形Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52theC.whereD.whichtofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledontrail.（2016高考北京卷）治愈）valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingto閱讀&寫(xiě)作Anursewhounderstandsthehealing（assist（2016高考全國(guó)卷Dinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.篇）Lastyear,Isp

3、entallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.（2016高考北京卷閱讀A篇）。定從原理：把兩個(gè)句子合為一個(gè)，兩個(gè)句子有相同的部分，此時(shí)可以把其中一個(gè)句子作為另一個(gè)句子的修飾限定部分。第1頁(yè)共7頁(yè)Iboughtacow.Thecowlookedlikeahorse.定語(yǔ)從句：IboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorseIboughtacow.Thecow'sfriendwasahorse.定語(yǔ)從句：Iboughta

4、cowwhosefriendwasahorse。連接定語(yǔ)從句的步驟：一找：找兩句中相同成份，判斷相同部分是人或物二刪：刪除從句中相同部分。三替：平系詞替從句中刪除的部分。四放：X關(guān)系詞放在從句前，將整個(gè)從句放到被修飾詞后面。關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞When,where,why關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法：1. that指人或物（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)Which指物（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)警察找到了撞我車(chē)的那輛車(chē)我兒子不是五年前的他了Thepolicefoundthecarthat/whichranintomin

5、eMysonisnolongertheboythathewas5yearsago.Who指人（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)4.Whom指人（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)now我想見(jiàn)見(jiàn)剛才給我Iwanttoseethescientistwho/thatgaveusatalkjust們作報(bào)告的科學(xué)家Thegirlwhom/thatthefirefighterssavedwassenttothehospital消防員救得那個(gè)女孩被送去了醫(yī)院5.Whose指人或物（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)，即whose+nIwantthebookwhosecoverisred我想要那本封面是紅色的書(shū)注意：w

6、hose=theofwhich,theofwhomIwantthebookthecoverofwhichisred第2頁(yè)共7頁(yè)Where指地方（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)意思把where換成inwhich,atwhich等Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworked20yearsagoThisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworked20yearsago這是我父親20年前工作過(guò)的工廠(chǎng)Ithinkyouhavegottoapointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail我猜你已經(jīng)到了一個(gè)需要改變

7、的地步，要不你會(huì)失敗Youmustnotlookintothecase,whereyourbrotherisinvolved你別參與這個(gè)案子的調(diào)查了，因?yàn)槟愕艿芫磉M(jìn)去了When指時(shí)間（指先行詞），在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)意思把when換成inwhich,onwhich,duringwhich等Irememberthedayswheniworkedinthecountry我記得在鄉(xiāng)下度過(guò)的日子JulyisthemonthwhenitisthehottestJulyisthemonthinwhichitisthehottest七月是最熱的月份Why指原因，先行詞是reason,在定語(yǔ)從

8、句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)意思把why換成forwhichWedonotknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhehasgonetoshanghai我們不知道他去上海的原因判斷關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞1.從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。事實(shí)上，及物動(dòng)詞后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須用關(guān)系代詞；不及物動(dòng)詞則要用關(guān)系副詞。Thisisthemountainvillagewhereistayedlastyear這是我去年待過(guò)的村子Iwillneverforgetthedayswheniworkedtogetherwithyou我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日子Thisisahousethat/whichheusedtolive

9、in。這就是他曾經(jīng)住的房子=Thisisahousewhereheusedtolive=Thisisahouseinwhichheusedtolive2,判斷相同的部分（先行詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)）先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)選關(guān)系代詞；作定語(yǔ)只能選whose;作狀語(yǔ)選關(guān)系副第3頁(yè)共7頁(yè)詞（where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why原因狀語(yǔ)）wheno先行詞是point,situation,case,condition,根據(jù)單詞意思一般選where0。挑戰(zhàn)1 挑戰(zhàn)1下.DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

10、2 A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich.ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.3 A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when.Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.4 A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactoryweareworking.0A.whereB.thatC.whichD.thereheshouldbeable挑戰(zhàn)2下5Asthesmalles

11、tchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingfor.thetimetobeindependent.（陜西卷）A.whichB.where6.CreatinganatmosphereC.whomD.whenemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.（浙江卷）A.asB.whoseC.inwhichD.atwhich7 Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.0（四川卷）A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatWhichorthat?8 .Hewrotemanyc

12、hildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwerepublishedinthe1990s.（慶卷）A.whomB.whichC.themD.That9 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what第4頁(yè)共7頁(yè)0that和which相比，只能填which的情況介詞非限制性定語(yǔ)從句3.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwantto

13、learnaboutChina.（福建卷）A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichtisatrulydelightfulplace,looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowith0itswindingstreetsandprettycottages.（7胡南卷）A.asB.whereC.thatD.which10 that和which相比，只能填that的情況序數(shù)詞最高級(jí)不定代表唯一人和物避重復(fù).Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.11 A.whichB.thatC

14、.whomD.what.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞When,where,why第5頁(yè)共7頁(yè)。定語(yǔ)從句的省略1,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞可省略；2,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且為主動(dòng)態(tài)，關(guān)系詞可省略，且將謂語(yǔ)變成ing形式；3,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且為被動(dòng)態(tài)，關(guān)系詞和be動(dòng)詞可同時(shí)省略。1,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞可省略；Whenitcomestogivingourkidstheeducationtheydeserve,Bara

15、ckknowsthatlikemeandlikesomanyofyou,henevercould'veattendedcollegewithoutfinancialaid.2,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且為主動(dòng)態(tài)，關(guān)系詞可省略，且將謂語(yǔ)變成ing形式；That'sthemanIseeinthosequietmomentslateatnight,hunchedoverhisdesk,poringovertheletterspeoplehavesenthim.Theletterfromthefatherstrugglingtopayhisbillsfromthewomandyingo

16、fcancerwhoseinsurancecompanywon'tcoverhercarefromtheyoungpersonwithsomuchpromisebutsofewopportunities.3,當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且為被動(dòng)態(tài)，關(guān)系詞和be動(dòng)詞可同時(shí)省略。Throughblooddrawnbylash（枷鎖）andblooddrawnbysword,welearnedthatnounionfoundedontheprinciplesoflibertyandequalitycouldsurvivehalf-slaveandhalf-free.1 三練習(xí)題如果有選項(xiàng)，就用該

17、題的選項(xiàng)，如果沒(méi)有選項(xiàng)，則用下列九個(gè)選項(xiàng)A.whomB.whoC./D.ThatE.whichF.whereG.WhenH.whyI.whose.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.2 .DoyouknowthemanIspoketo?3 .Thisisthehoteltheystayedatlastmonth.4 .ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.5 .Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.6 .Thisisoneofthebestfi

18、lmshavebeenshownthisyear.第6頁(yè)共7頁(yè)7 .Canyoulendmethebookyoutalkedabouttheotherday?8 .Thepenheiswritingwithismine.9 .Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboy.10 .Theengineermyfatherworkswithisabout50yearsold.11 .Itthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry?12 .I'minterestedinallyouhavesaid.13 .LiMing,_Iwentwithtotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.14 .Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.15 .Theletterisfrommysister,isworkingi