初中英語人教版八年級下冊unit8-現(xiàn)在完成時

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)教學(xué)設(shè)計 崔三艷 霸州市第二十中學(xué) 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生熟練掌握運用現(xiàn)在完成時 教學(xué)重點：現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)、定義、過去分詞的構(gòu)成、運用及和一般過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別 教學(xué)難點：延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞在完成時中的應(yīng)用 教具準(zhǔn)備：投影儀 ppt 教學(xué)步驟： Step1. I have finished all my homework.我把所有的功課做完了。 I have cleaned all the rooms.我把所有的房間都打掃完了。 He has eaten up all the food.他把所有的食物都吃光了 定義：表示過去發(fā)生并且已經(jīng)完成

2、的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；表示過去某一時間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且可能還會持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+done（動詞的過去分詞） Step2.過去分詞的構(gòu)成 一、規(guī)則動詞 (1)+ed eg: workworked (2)+d eg: closeclosed (3)變 y 為 i+ed eg: studystudied (4)雙寫+ed eg: stopstopped 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) 二、不規(guī)則動詞（見表） Step3. 1.短暫性動詞與時間段的關(guān)系 短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與時間段連用，這些動詞是：become, begin,

3、 buy, borrow, come (go arrive), die, finish join, leave 等.為了表述這種意思，我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞來代替短暫性動詞。 2.2.短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動詞 become-be begin-have borrow-keep buy-have come (go, arrive, get)-be here/there/in. die -be dead finish-be over join -be in (be a member of )leave -be away (from) 3.但在否定句中，短暫性動詞可以與時間段連用 如：I have

4、nt bought the bike for a year. 我買這輛自行車還不到一年。 She hasnt come here for an hour. 她來這還沒有一個小時。 4.改 錯 (1).I have bought the watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years. I have had this watch since five years ago. (2).The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten year

5、s. 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) The old man has been dead since ten years ago. Step4.Step4. have been to ,havhave been to ,have gone to, have been in e gone to, have been in 的用法比較的用法比較 have been to 意思是“到過，去過”，表示曾經(jīng)到過某處， 現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)在 人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某處一段時間了” e

6、g: 1. Has she ever been to Nanjing? 2. You have never been there, have you? 3. I have been to Guilin, I went there last year. 4. She has gone to Nanjing. 5. They have been in this city for two years. Step5 與一般過去時進行比較 一、現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時注意的不是事情本身，而是強調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等） ；而一般過去

7、時，則只講述發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。 1.He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 2.He bought an English-Chinese dictionary 第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時想表達他買了本字典，現(xiàn)在還有這本字典。 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) 第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本字典， 至于現(xiàn)在是否還有不強調(diào)。 二、當(dāng)有一個表示過去某一特定時間的狀語時，不用現(xiàn)在完成時，而用一般過去時： eg: I saw the film on television yesterday. 但 since（自.以來）+某一

8、過去時間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 eg: They have known each other since 1950. Since he was a child, he has lived in England. 三、常與一般過去時連用的典型的表示過去時間的狀語： Yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, 時間+ago, last+時間等 eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week. Step6.Step6.現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完

9、成時練習(xí) (1).動詞填空： 1._you_(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. When _you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._he_(see) this film yet? Yes. When _he _(see) it . He _it last week. 3. How many times _you _(be) there？ 4. I_(read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) 5.She _(go)

10、 to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. (2).用 for 和 since 填空 1.We havent seen each other _a long time. 2. His father has been in the Party_10 years ago. 3. The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4. Mr Green has worked here_ he came to China. 5. His grandparents have been

11、 dead _several days. 6.Its five years_ we met last time. (3).用 have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空 1. Mike and his parents _the city for half a year. 2. Mum is not at home now. She _ to the shop. 3. _you ever _to Kunming? Never. 4. Where _you _these days? 5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he_ her

12、e for several days. 6. Where is Peter? I dont know where he_？ (4).改錯 1. How long have you begun to study English? 2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. 3.The river has become very dirty since last August. 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 專心-專注-專業(yè) (5).選擇 1. The house is dirty. We _ it for weeks. A. Didnt clean B. hadnt