2014新版新目標九年級_unit_6導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、Unit 6 When was it invented?詹大悲中學(xué)初三英語導(dǎo)學(xué)案Unit 6 When was it invented ?Section A 1a1c【學(xué)習(xí)目標】句型：When was the car invented?弄清一般過去時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的差異，并通過練習(xí)和運用加以鞏固。 【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】句型：When was the car invented?弄清一般過去時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的差異，并通過練習(xí)和運用加以鞏固?！緦W(xué)法指導(dǎo)】在學(xué)習(xí)中，懂得人類的科學(xué)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造了豐富的物質(zhì)文明，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的能力和愿望。并樂于參加學(xué)習(xí)小組活動，積極合作。一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分

2、鐘）通過課件呈現(xiàn)中國古代的發(fā)明: gun powder/compass/paper making/printing然后問學(xué)生:What are they?Help the students to say :They are four inventions of China.Get the students to repeat.叫學(xué)生列舉一些他們知道的發(fā)明,如car,telephone,computer,TV等。二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）1. 要求學(xué)生翻開課本P41，迅速閱讀1a部分的內(nèi)容。并按要求完成課本上相應(yīng)的任務(wù): Number the pictures.（

3、1分鐘）2. 檢查答案，先要求全班一起給出答案并檢查討論。3. 要求學(xué)生聽第一遍錄音，并完成課本上1b的聽力任務(wù): Listen and match the inventions with the years. Check their answers: 讀出序號-讀出年份-讀出完整的句子（2分鐘）4.要求學(xué)生聽第三遍錄音，并逐句進行跟讀。（2分鐘）5. 完成教材1c的任務(wù)，要求學(xué)生模仿1a內(nèi)容，進行對話練習(xí)。并邀請2-3對同學(xué)當堂進行演示。（3分鐘）四、總結(jié)（引深探究 15分鐘）1.invent (v.)發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造invent 指發(fā)明創(chuàng)造出自然界本來不存在的東西，如工具、方法、手段、汽車、電器

4、、合成材料等?！緜湔n例句】Bell invented the telephone. 貝爾發(fā)明了電話。Smith invented a new teaching method. 史密斯發(fā)明了一種新的教學(xué)方法?！緳M向輻射】discover, find, create 1.discover是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，是指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來就有而一直沒被發(fā)現(xiàn)，如發(fā)現(xiàn)電、煤、石油等礦藏及新星、星系或科學(xué)真理等。Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了新大陸。Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆彗星。2.find

5、的意思是“尋找”，強調(diào)找的結(jié)果，并不指發(fā)現(xiàn)。I've tried to find another copy but couldn't find one. 我試圖再找一本，但沒能弄到。3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品，也指創(chuàng)造出原來不存在的或與眾不同的事物。Man creates himself. 人類創(chuàng)造了自己。A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小說家塑造人物并設(shè)計情節(jié)?！菊n堂變式】根據(jù)語境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空，完成句子。1.When _ the str

6、eam engine（蒸汽機） _?2.I cant _ my bike, Im looking for it. 3. Scientists are now trying to _ if this is possible.4. Do you know who_ the plane？5. He _quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.【解析】I.1.was, invented 2.find 3.discover 4.invented 5. created五、練評（包含“考點鏈接” 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）一）單項選擇（ ）1.The ki

7、nd of cup is used_drinking. A.to B.as C.by D.for（ ）2.My mother and my sister kept on talking,but my father_silent all the time.A.got B.kept C.turned D.looked（ ）3.I think the short story_by Lu Xun. A.is writing B.is written C.written D.was written（ ）4.-Who_the electric light lamp_? Edison.A.was;inven

8、ted B.is;invented C.was;invented by D.did;invented byUnit 6 When was it invented ?Section A 2a2c【學(xué)習(xí)目標】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型 Who was it invented by? What are they used for?【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】能聽懂含有一般過去時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的簡短對話。能運用一般過去時態(tài)被動語態(tài)談?wù)摎v史上的發(fā)明?！緦W(xué)法指導(dǎo)】觀察圖畫-回憶句型-練習(xí)口語-鞏固練習(xí)一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分鐘）Dialogue 1:S1: What is this?S2: This is a hot i

9、ce- cream scoop. It runs on electricity.S1: What is it used for?S2: It is used for serving really cold ice cream.S1: Who was it invented by?S2: It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）1、認真拼讀單詞和人名三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）1. 要求學(xué)生翻開課本P42。播放錄音一遍，完成2a，2b的聽力任務(wù)，然后個別檢查，統(tǒng)一核對答案。（2分鐘）2. 要求學(xué)生聽第二遍錄音，并逐句進行跟讀。（2分鐘）3

10、. 聽力內(nèi)容鞏固訓(xùn)練。要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所聽到的內(nèi)容完成下列各句。完成后要求若干學(xué)生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對聽力內(nèi)容的了解。（4分鐘）4、大聲朗讀聽力材料。（1分鐘）5. 放下聽力材料，要求學(xué)生模仿聽力內(nèi)容，利用2a，2b的信息分角色練習(xí)對話練習(xí)。然后邀請2-3對同學(xué)當堂演示?？茨囊粚Φ谋憩F(xiàn)最佳。（5分鐘）四、總結(jié)（引深探究 15分鐘）be used for 用來做此短語中的for是介詞，表示用途，后接名詞或動詞-ing形式?！緜湔n例句】An orange is used for medicine. 桔子可以入藥。A pen is used for writing. 鋼筆用來寫字?！緳M向輻射】be

11、used as & be used by 1.be used as 意為“被用作”，介詞as表示“作為”，其后一般接名詞，強調(diào)使用的工具及手段?！纠洹縀nglish is used as the second language in many countries. 英語在許多國家被當作第二語言使用。This room is used as their office. 這人房間被用作他們的辦公室。2.be used by 意為“被使用”，介詞by后面接動作的執(zhí)行者（賓語）。【例句】English is used by travelers and business people all

12、over the world. 全世界的旅行者和商人們使用英語。Tractors are used by the farmers. 農(nóng)民使用拖拉機?！菊n堂變式】1. 在中國英語作為外語來使用。_2.教師用粉筆。_3.毛衣是用來保暖的。_【解析】1. English is used as a foreign language in China. 2. Chalk is used by teachers. 3.A sweater is used for keeping warm.五、練評（包含“考點鏈接” 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求改寫句子。1.They were invented by

13、Julie Thompson. (改寫否定句) They _ _ by Julie Thompson.2.Cai Lun invented paper.（改為被動語態(tài)） Paper _ _ _ Cai Lun. 3.Some clothes were given away to charity by me.（改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答） _ _clothes given away to charity by _? Yes, _ _.4.The car was invented in 1885.( 對劃線部分提問) _ _ the car invented?5.We used it to sc

14、oop ice cream. (改寫同義句) _ _ _scooping ice cream by us.Unit 6 when was it invented?Section A 2d【學(xué)習(xí)目標】掌握本課對話內(nèi)容繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】能運用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)進行對話練習(xí)【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】熟讀-對話-背誦鞏固練習(xí)一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分鐘）What is it called ?It is called zipper.When was it invented ?The zipper was invented in 1893.Who was it invented by?T

15、he zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson.二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）拼讀記憶單詞根據(jù)漢語提示完成單詞。1. I like the color of this coat but I dont like its style (款式).2. Its my great pleasure (高興) to have a talk with you.3. The little inventions have helped me a lot in my daily (日常的)life.4. Julia introduced a good website (網(wǎng)站)to

16、 me to learn English.5. My mother always lists（列清單）all things that she wants to buy before shopping.三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）播放2d的對話錄音，學(xué)生仔細傾聽，注意語音語調(diào)、句群停頓。播放2d的對話錄音，讓學(xué)生跟讀，模仿語音語調(diào)、句群停頓。學(xué)生朗讀2d對話并理解大意。學(xué)生分角色朗讀并表演2d的對話。（5分鐘）學(xué)生背誦2d對話，不看書填空。四、總結(jié)（引深探究 15分鐘）pleasure n. 高興，愉快； 常用于口語中；its my pleasure. With pleasure.【備課例句】

17、Its my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.我感到很榮幸?guī)湍阏湛茨愕膶櫸镓?。【橫向輻射】please, pleased, pleasure, pleasant 的區(qū)別一、please1.表請求或要求的語氣。是動詞（及物動詞）。-Come in, please.請進來吧。（或Pease come in）-Sit down, please.請坐。（或Please sit down）2.表“討好，討人喜歡；喜歡”（不及物動詞）或者“使···高興，使···滿意，使·

18、3;·喜歡”（及物動詞）-Go where you please.你想去哪就去哪。 -What pleases you best?你最喜歡什么？ 二、pleased形容詞。表示“高興的，喜歡的，滿意的”。它指的是人主觀上感到的滿足心理-I'm pleased to see you!見到你真高興！常用句型有：be pleased to do sth.高興做某事be pleased at/about/with/by 對···感到滿意/高興be pleased that從句 對··· 感到滿意/高興三、pleasant形容

19、詞。表示“令人愉快的”“讓人感到滿意”。主語一般為物。The walk was very pleasant. 那次散步很（讓人）愉快。四、pleasure名詞 表示“滿足；樂趣；消遣、娛樂”It's a pleasure to read this book. 讀這本書真是件樂事。【課堂變式】（1）根據(jù)句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。1.I had a _ time. 2.He will be _ to help you. 3.Reading gives me great _.4.It gives me _to see you looking happy

20、.5.We spent a _ day in the country.【解析】1.pleasant 2.pleased 3. pleasure 4.pleasure 5. pleasant （2）I think it is impossible to make everyone_. A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure【解析】由句意可知，要讓每個人高興是不可能的。pleased表示“高興的，喜歡的”; 故選B。五、練評（包含“考點鏈接” 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）用所給詞的適當形式補全句子1.-When the telephone ?-I think

21、 it in 1876.(invent)2.-What are the hot ice-cream scoops used for?- They are used for (scoop)really cold ice cream.3.Many beautiful presents （buy）for the teachers last Sunday.4.The thief (catch) by the police at last.5.The new computers (give) to the village school as presents last month.用方框中所給單詞的適當

22、形式填空，使短文完整正確(每個單詞限用一次)。 letter learn school become bydie invite blind communicate interest Braille (盲文) is the most well-known language system (系統(tǒng)) used by (41) people all around the world.【版權(quán)所有：21教育】It is named after Louis Braille, who improved the way blind people read books (42) following raised

23、(凸起的) letters. Louis Braille was born on January 4, 1809, in France. He lost his eyesight by accident when he was 3. Louis Braille went to a special (43) for the blind in Paris in 1821. It was there that he (44) to read, using raised letters. However, because the raised (45) were made of paper press

24、ed against copper wire, the students never learned to write.Later the school (46) a soldier (戰(zhàn)士) to give a talk to the students. The talk was about a system called “night writing” that allows soldiers to (47) silently, even in the dark. Braille was (48) in the system. He realized it could be used am

25、ong blind people, too. He set out to work on it and in 1824, he introduced the reading and writing system. In 1829, Braille wrote his first book explaining his system. However, it was only after his (49) that the reading and writing system caught attention and (50) the most popular way for the blind

26、 to read and write around the world.Unit 6 When was it invented ?Section A 3a3c【學(xué)習(xí)目標】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】1.nearly adv.幾乎，差不多； 2.boil v. 煮沸，燒開；3.remain v. 保持不變；剩余；4.national adj.國家的，民族的；【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】了解歷史-閱讀思考-閱讀理解-鞏固練習(xí)一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分鐘）Questions:1. Do you drink tea every day?_ _2. Who invented tea in history?_

27、3. Do people in other countries drink tea in their daily life？_二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）中國飲茶歷史最早，陸羽茶經(jīng)云：“茶之為飲，發(fā)乎神農(nóng)氏，聞于魯周公”。早在神農(nóng)時期，茶及其藥用價值已被發(fā)現(xiàn)，并由藥用逐漸演變成日常生活飲料。我國歷來對選茗、取水、備具、佐料、烹茶、奉茶以及品嘗方法都頗為講究，因而逐漸形成豐富多采、雅俗共賞的飲茶習(xí)俗和品茶技藝。茶之飲，最早的目的在于：解毒、消食、清心、益思、少睡眠；后來有陸羽茶經(jīng)等對其方式精益求精，以及少數(shù)民族的種種“異樣”喝法，都不離其宗；大概宛如詩的雅與風(fēng)，都值得有心人細細玩味。至若有為“雅

28、”而茶，大概是當今茶藝館繁盛的原因之一，又或為“道”而茶，比如強調(diào)“和敬清寂”，大家見仁見智吧。三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）完成教材3a 的任務(wù)1. 要求學(xué)生快速默讀短文，熟知大意，并完成課本3a的任務(wù)：match each paragraph with its main idea; 然后邀請幾位同學(xué)給出自己的答案，全班一起學(xué)習(xí)討論。（3分鐘）2. 先邀請幾位同學(xué)閱讀短文（可一人一段），教師要注意學(xué)生的語音，給予必要的朗讀指導(dǎo)。然后播放錄音，全班同學(xué)一起跟讀。（3分鐘）3. 短文內(nèi)容鞏固練習(xí)。教師可給出一篇改寫了的短文，將一些重點的表達方式空出。讓學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)補全短文。然后邀請若干同學(xué)

29、給出自己的答案。（4分鐘）4. 完成教材3b的任務(wù)，要求學(xué)生再次閱讀短文內(nèi)容，回答3b中所提出的問題（5分鐘）5. 用3c方框中所給的單詞的正確形式完成句子；設(shè)置一個5分鐘的時限；然后請5位同學(xué)分別朗讀句子，同時核對答案。四、總結(jié)（引深探究 15分鐘）詞語運用1.remain (v.) 保持；剩余；殘余remain意為“停留，留下”，相當于stay。“呆在那里”可以說remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能說stay (at) home?！緜湔n例句】 She remains in the house all these days. 她這些天一直呆在那棟房子里。They all

30、 wished us to remain. 他們都希望我們留下來?！緳M向輻射】remain作連系動詞remain用作連系動詞，意為“保持(某種狀態(tài))，繼續(xù)存在，仍舊是”，后面接形容詞，名詞，分詞，不定式或介詞短語?！纠洹?She remained sitting when they came in他們進來時，她仍然坐著(沒有站起來)。Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得當上了經(jīng)理,但約翰仍然是一個工人。Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain mode

31、st. 無論你取得了多么大的進步,你都應(yīng)一直保持謙虛。This remains to be proved. 這有待證實。(將來被動動作)Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 這是否對我們有好處,還要看一看。【課堂變式】The leaves _in the water for a long time. A. came B. remained C. lived D. arrived 【解析】根據(jù)for a long time可知是指樹葉在水中停留了很長時間，正確答案是B。2. by accident偶然地；意外地【備課例句】He made t

32、his mistake by accident.他犯這個錯誤純屬偶然?！菊n堂變式】She found her keys _when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago. A. with mistake B. in this way C. by accident D. with pleasure 【解析】由when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago可知她是偶然地找到了她丟失的鑰匙，正確答案是C。3. In England, tea didnt ap

33、pear until around 1660.在英國，茶直到1660年才出現(xiàn)。此句是由until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。not. until 意為“只到才”?！緜湔n例句】She didnt leave until I felt better.只到我感覺好點了，她才離開。 【橫向輻射】until的用法until常用作介詞或連詞，用來引導(dǎo)介詞短語或從句在句子中作時間狀語。1. 在肯定句中，until與延續(xù)性、持續(xù)性動詞連用，表示“直到為止”。I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的時候。2. 在否定句中，until常與瞬間動詞、短暫性動

34、詞連用，表示“直到才”，“不到不”。The rain didnt stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。I wont leave until you promise to help me. 你不答應(yīng)幫助我，我不會離開?！菊n堂變式】How was your climbing Mount. Huang?I didnt believe I could do it _I got to the top.A. until while C. after D. and【解析】考查連詞用法。notuntil直到才。根據(jù)句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。五、練評（包含“考點鏈接”

35、 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）（ ）1. It was invented Edison A.by B.in C.for D.to （ ）2. This watch China. A.was made in B.was made by C.was made from D.was made of （ ）3. - was the car invented? -It was invented in 1983. A.When B.Why C.How D.Who（ ）4. it rained yesterday, I still went on a trip. A. Although B.But C.Because

36、 D.And（ ）5. Basketball by people all over the world. A.is enjoyed B.is like C.love D.enjoyed（ ）6. Pens are used for on paper. A.write B.writing C.to write D.wroteUnit 6 When was it invented ?Section A 4a4c【學(xué)習(xí)目標】總結(jié)一般過去時態(tài)被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】運用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)完成相應(yīng)練習(xí)【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】觀察-總結(jié)-思考-運用鞏固練習(xí)一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分鐘） “二十世紀最糟糕的發(fā)明是什

37、么 ? ”就是人們每天大量使用的塑料袋。 誕生于上個世紀三十年代的塑料袋，其家族包括用塑料制成的快餐飯盒、包裝紙、餐用杯盤、飲料瓶、酸奶杯、雪糕杯等等。這些廢棄物形成的垃圾，數(shù)量多、體積大、重量輕、不降解，給治理工作帶來很多技術(shù)難題和社會問題。 比如，散落在田間、路邊及草叢中的塑料餐盒，一旦被牲畜吞食，就會危及健康甚至導(dǎo)致死亡。填埋廢棄塑料袋、塑料餐盒的土地，不能生長莊稼和樹木，造成土地板結(jié)，而焚燒處理這些塑料垃圾，則會釋放出多種化學(xué)有毒氣體，其中一種稱為二噁英的化合物，毒性極大。二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）1、拼讀、記憶單詞三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）完成教材4a-4c的任務(wù)1. 要求學(xué)生

38、翻開課本P44，參照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被動語態(tài)改寫句子.給出5分鐘的時限，并請另4位同學(xué)在黑板上改寫，全班集體核對答案。（5分鐘）參考答案2. My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.3. Where were these photos taken?.4. We are advised by our parents not to go out alone.5.The book was translated by different writers into different languages.2.用所給單詞的正確形式完

39、成4b句子。給出5分鐘的時限，并請另個5位同學(xué)朗讀句子，全班集體核對答案。1. were invited 2. were brought 3. was locked, rang 4. were told, broke 5. were eaten, asked3. 先瀏覽4c的短文，確定空格處的動詞是用主動形式還是被動形式，然后用動詞的正確形式填空完成短文。給出5分鐘的時限，并請1位同學(xué)朗讀短文，全班集體核對答案。1. was invented 2. was born 3. worked 4. learned. 5. was invented 6. was said 7. is used4. 小

40、結(jié)訓(xùn)練。要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成一個小練習(xí)。并請若干學(xué)生給出自己的答案。有錯誤的話及時解決糾正。（2分鐘）用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. This instrument is used for playing (play) music in class.2. How many magazines were borrowed (borrow) from the library today?3. Edison was a great inventor. He had over 1.000 inventions in his life.(invent). 4.A picture was put (p

41、ut) on the blackboard before class.5. Plates and dishes werent washed (not wash) after supper yesterday. 四、總結(jié)（引深探究 15分鐘）五、練評（包含“考點鏈接” 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）1.昨天有人看見他掉進河里了。He to fall into the river yesterday.2.什么時候發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸的？When the New Land ?3.它們是用來在黑暗中照明的。They are used for .4.吉姆直到下午3點才回來。Jim _ _ _ _ three o'cl

42、ock in the afternoon.5.黑人和英雄喜歡吃土豆和西紅柿。Negroes and _like to eat_ and_.6.人們相信，所有學(xué)生都已經(jīng)通過了英語考試。_ _ _ that all the students _ already_the English exam. 7.沒有什么能夠阻止我們今天下午去釣魚。 Nothing can _us _ _ _this afternoon. 8.昨天晚上有幾臺新電腦被盜了。 Some new computers _ _ last night. Unit 6 When was it invented ?Section B 1a1e

43、【學(xué)習(xí)目標】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)使用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)進行聽力訓(xùn)練【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】1. crispy adj. 脆的；酥脆的；2. salty adj. 咸的；3.sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；4.customer n. 顧客?！緦W(xué)法指導(dǎo)】聯(lián)系實際談?wù)撌称返男誀?觀察思考-聽說訓(xùn)練鞏固練習(xí)一、 導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究 3分鐘）你們知道這個人嗎？George，他發(fā)明了薯片、薯條。George /d:(r)d/ Crum /krm/喬治 克拉姆 今天我們一起來了解薯條的發(fā)明吧。在這之前我們先拼讀、記憶本課的生詞。二、自學(xué)（自主探究 6分鐘）拼讀、記憶生詞crispy /krispi/

44、 adj. 脆的；酥脆的 p.45 sour /sau(r)/ adj. 酸的；有酸味的 p.45 by mistake 錯誤地；無意中 p.45customer /kstm (r)/ n. 顧客；客戶p.45三、交流（合作探究 10分鐘）完成教材1a-1e的任務(wù)1. 要求學(xué)生翻開課本P45，迅速閱讀1a部分的內(nèi)容。并按要求完成課本上相應(yīng)的任務(wù)in 1a. 然后要求4名同學(xué)給出自己的答案，并進行個讀，齊讀。（2分鐘）要求學(xué)生完成1b部分的任務(wù)：Write the name of a different food after each word .然后邀請幾名同學(xué)給出自己的答案。并把收集的答案列

45、舉在黑板上。（4分鐘）3. 聽第一遍錄音，完成課本上1c部分的任務(wù): Listen and circle T or F. (2分鐘) 1T 2F 3T 4F 5F 6T4. 聽第二遍錄音，完成課本上1d部分的任務(wù)：Listen and complete the sentences. (2分鐘)5. 聽力內(nèi)容鞏固訓(xùn)練。potato chips是一個復(fù)合名詞，其中第一個名詞用作定語修飾后一個名詞，這樣的例子有很多，又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。知識拓展復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則，你一定要牢記?。⊥ǔＶ话阎黧w名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)school boyschool boys(男

46、生) apple treeapple trees(蘋果樹) vegetable sandwichvegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治) girl friendgirl friends（女朋友）如果沒有主體名詞，在最后一個名詞上用復(fù)數(shù)。good-for-nothinggood-for-nothings（飯桶、無用的人）three-year-oldthree-year-olds（三歲的孩子）由man, woman和另外一個名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，兩個部分都要用復(fù)數(shù)。man teachermen teachers(男教師)gentleman farmergentlemen farmers

47、 （鄉(xiāng)紳）by mistake 錯誤地by mistake 是介詞短語，意為“錯誤地；無意地；不小心地”，指由于錯誤的判斷而千百萬的失誤，常在句中作狀語?！緜湔n例句】I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我錯拿了你的手提包，還以為是我的呢。Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 蘇珊忘了帶鑰匙，誤把自己關(guān)在門外了?！緳M向輻射】mistake.formistake.for把錯認為, 錯把當作She mistook him for the professor

48、.她把他錯當作教授了?！菊n堂變式】Im sorry Ive taken your dictionary _ because they have the same colour. It doesnt matter. A. at once B. by mistake C. in general D. as well 【解析】由because they have the same colour可知是錯拿了詞典，正確答案是B。3.George wanted to make the customer happy. 喬治想讓顧客開心。句中的make意為“使得”，happy是形容詞，作賓語you的補足語，對

49、賓語起補充說明作用，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為“make名詞/代詞形容詞”?！緜湔n例句】The bad news makes her sad. 那個壞消息使得她傷心不已。A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry. 一個孩子打碎了玻璃。這使得校長很生氣?！緶剀疤崾尽慨斮e語是不定式短語或從句時，多用it作形式賓語。I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一個條件，人人都要準時。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out

50、. 大雨使得我們無法出去?！緳M向輻射】make的其他相關(guān)句式1.“make賓語n”意為使/讓某人 / 某物(成為)”?！纠洹縒e made him captain of our football team. 我們推選他作我們足球隊隊長。We made him our monitor. 我們選他當班長。2.“make賓語do sth”意為“使某人做某事”。 在被動語態(tài)中，此類結(jié)構(gòu)中省略的動詞不定式 to 要還原?！纠洹縊ur teacher makes us feel more confident. 老師使得我們感到更自信了。The boy was made to work twelve h

51、ours a day. 這個男孩被迫每天干十二個小時的活。【課堂變式】What do you think her ? A. make; sadB. makes; sadlyC. made; sadD. made; sadly【解析】what 作主語時，謂語動詞要用第三要稱單數(shù)形式，可排除A。再根據(jù)“make + sb. / sth. + adj.”確定選C。sadly是副詞形式。五、練評（包含“考點鏈接” 應(yīng)用探究 6分鐘）完成句子。1.顧客最后終于高興了。The customer was happy .2.這個顧客說這個薯條不夠脆。The customer said that the pot

52、ato chips werent .3.喬治想讓顧客高興。George wanted the customer .4.薯條是一個名Crum的廚師發(fā)明的The potato chips a chef Crum.5、 昨天這個廚師往魚上面撒了許多鹽。The lots of salt the fish yesterday.Unit 6 When was it invented ?Section B 2a2e【學(xué)習(xí)目標】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型。了解籃球的發(fā)明過程。激發(fā)發(fā)明的欲望。1. Canadian 加拿大的， 2. divide v. 分開，分散；3. hero n 英雄，男主角； 4. professional adj. 職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的；【學(xué)習(xí)重點難點】掌握重點短語。能讀懂含有一般過去時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的短文并完成相應(yīng)練習(xí)。1. a much-loved and active sport一個深受喜愛并且積極的運動2. divideinto把分開 3. work together配合，合作 4. at the same tim