module3bodylanguageandNoverbalcommunication-講解

1、1Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbalCommunication知識點1. vt.包括2. vi.張開3. vi.凝視；盯著看4. v.恐慌；驚慌5. n.請求；要求6. n.恩惠；善意的行為7. adj.現(xiàn)場的8. vi.（用語言、信號）傳遞信息；交流一 n .交流；溝通9. adj.無意的；不知不覺的一 adj.有意識的10. vi.變化一 n.種類 adj.各種各樣的11. adj.正式的一 adj.非正式的12. . adv.傳統(tǒng)地一 adj.傳統(tǒng)的一 n . 傳統(tǒng)13. . adj.恐嚇的；具有威脅的一 v.威脅一 n.威脅14. n .表演_

2、v.表演_ n.表演者15. . n .判斷；意見一 v.判斷16. n,平等一 adj.平等的17. . adj.社會的一 n.社會重要短語一一識記1. guard （保持）警惕3. hold 舉起5. lift 一舉起7. accident 偶然地9. _ accident 偶然地18. adj.有感染性的一 v,感染一 n.感染2. make a 達成協(xié)議；做成交4. give 暴露（自己的情況）6. up and 一上一下地8. say hello _ 向問好10. switch _打開（燈、無線電等）A 核心單詞巧布點，基石奠1. vary vi.變化，不同 vt.變更，改變The

3、nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. (2012 上海卷，閱讀 D)交流的天性和程度變化很大。var y withvar y 不同于（1）*,var y 在方面不同，有差異yar y W 由到情況不等variety n.變化，多樣性，種類1? variety of (= varieties of )各種各樣的various adj.各種各樣的；多方面的variable adj.易變的；變化無常的The color of that animal the season. 這種動物的顏色隨著季節(jié)而改變。 Though on

4、the same family, the bird size and color.雖屬同科，這種鳥大小、顏色不一。2.involve vt.包括；涉及；使參與involve sb in (doing ) sth (1)使某人參與(干)某事，使某人牽扯到某事中nvolve doing sth包括干某事；需要干某事involved adj.復(fù)雜的；有牽連的，有關(guān)的get/be involved in 被卷入之中；熱衷于，專心于2) )be/get involved with sb/sthGenius“ is a complicated concept, many different factors

5、. (2012 上海卷,39)A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved3) request n.請求，要求 v請求，要求f make a request for 要求(1)at sb's request = at the request of sbrequest sth sb向某人請求某事(2) request sb 請求某人做某事 %He present at the meeting on time.request that +從句請求request后的賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句以及It isrequested t

6、hat.從句中用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用(should+)動詞原形形式。I requested that he should come an hour earlier.我請求他早個小時來。4.favour n.恩惠；善意的行為；贊成；偏袒v.支持；偏袒請某人幫忙，照顧do a favour for sb = do sb a favour ,n one's favour受(某人)喜愛的，對(某人)有利的支持，贊同favourable adj.贊成的,有利的,有幫助的favourite adj.最喜歡的；最有希望的 Could you and turn off that light?勞您的駕

7、，請把那盞燈關(guān)掉好嗎？ Everyone present is his proposal.在場的每一個人都贊成他的提議。favour the new plan 贊成新計戈Ufavour sb./sth.偏愛；偏袒某人；便于，利于 .favour sb. with sth.為某人做某事/應(yīng)某人要求做某事誤區(qū)警示：Do me/us a favour!在口語中往往是回答認為愚蠢的問題，意為“得了吧!而do sb. a favour在疑問句表示“請求別人的幫忙”的客氣表達。朗文在線： Do us a favour, Mike, and shut up!拜托你，邁克，別再說了! Are you in f

8、avour of the death penalty?4. panic n.恐慌，驚慌 v.陷入恐慌;引起恐慌 (panicking, panicked, panicked)歸納拓展(1)get into a panic陷入恐慌狀態(tài)be in (a) panic在驚慌中be seized with a panic 驚慌失措cause a panic弓 I起恐慌(2)panic at.因(聽到/看到,)而驚慌 panic o doing sth.使某人倉促行動例句： She got into a real panic when she thought she' dost th

9、e tickets.她十分驚慌，以為自己把入場券丟了。Shoppers fled the street in (a) panic after two bombs exploded.兩枚炸彈爆炸之后，購物者驚慌失措地逃離了那條街。5. spread (spread, spread)v.展開；鋪開；傳播；散開；伸展；延伸 n.傳播；擴展 歸納拓spread sth.on/over sth才巴某物鋪在.上spread sth.with sth.把某物涂在上spread out展開；張開；擴大(張)；伸長例句：She spread the pages of the letter on the tabl

10、e她把那幾頁信展開放在桌上。She spread the bread with butter.她把黃油涂在面包上。The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.火從工廠蔓延到附近的房舍。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Bird flu has all over the world , which might panic the investors.A. spread B. spreaded C. spreat D. spreading6. stare vi.凝視；注視；盯著看同類辨析stare at由于好奇、敵視、傲慢而睜大眼睛凝視glare at怒視

11、，瞪眼glance at匆匆一瞥gaze at由于興趣、喜歡或驚奇而目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地凝視look at看，看著例句：He stood there staring into the distance.他站在那里,凝視著遠方。He glanced at his watch.他匆匆地看了一下手表。They stood glaring at each other.他們站著，彼此怒目而視。 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The old gentleman just stood there at the pickpocket and did not say a word.A. glancing B. glimpsing C. s

12、taring D. glaring 7.present1)n.C禮物；目前I want to give her a present. What do you think she'd like?我想要給她一份禮物，你認為她會喜歡什么呢？2)vt.贈送；給予The mayor presented the prizes in person.市長親自頒獎。3)adj.在場的；出席的(其反義詞為absent);現(xiàn)在的；目前的；當前的 A lot of students were present at the meeting.很多學(xué)生出席了那個會議。I'm free at present.

13、我現(xiàn)在有空。知識拓展presence n. 在場； 存在 presently adv. 不久 注意： 當 present 用于 make someone a present of something柩為“把某物作為禮物送給某人“）這一結(jié)構(gòu)時，不能與gift換用。The were tired of his long and tiring speech.A. present people B. presently people C. people present D. people presently8. serve vt. & vi.1)vt. & vi.為.工作；為.服務(wù)Can

14、 I serve you in any way?我能幫你的忙嗎？2)vt. & vi.開板；上菜(常用被動結(jié)構(gòu))；供某人飯菜 Dinner is served.開飯了。Learn to serve at table.學(xué)習(xí)端飯上菜。3)vt. & vi.任職；服役He served as a naval officer during the war.戰(zhàn)爭時期他在海軍當軍官。即學(xué)即用The word “ spahetti“ brought back the memory of an evening when all of us were seated around the tabl

15、e and Aunt Pat spaghetti for supper.A. cooked B. Served C. got D. madeB核心短語一一點入線，基礎(chǔ)建1. give away暴露（自己的情況）；泄露；分發(fā)或贈送某物；（由于大意）未利用或抓?。〞r機、機會等）If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him away during the day.give in屈服；讓步散發(fā)；放出分發(fā)；用完；耗盡；發(fā)出give way to給讓路；被代替give up放棄 The doctors had to the

16、dying patient after efforts.幾經(jīng)努力，醫(yī)生只好停止給那個瀕死的病人治療。 It's polite to in a narrow passage.在狹窄的過道里給人讓路是很禮貌的。2.make a deal達成協(xié)議；做成交易a great/good deal （常接比較級） 得多a great/good deal of 大量，許多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）That's a deal. 一言為定。.deal 處理，安排；論述，涉及；做買賣deal 經(jīng)營 The book what to such.本書論述了怎樣處理這類交易的問題。 Her poems often

17、 the subject of death.她的詩通常是關(guān)于死亡這一主題的。deal n.交易，協(xié)議；v.處理，相處 (1)That s a deal.言為定。(2)a great/good deal of+不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“大量，很多” 。(3)deal with對付；應(yīng)付；處理；對待 辨析：do with與deal with在表示“處理，對待”時， do with和deal with在陳述句中可以互相替換。但是在特殊疑問句中，表示“怎么處理，怎么對待”時，用法不同。 What do you do with the difficulties you face?=How do you dea

18、l with the difficulties you face?你是怎么處理你遇到的困難的？-I know this is the latest type but it' s second hand.$20that' s my last offer.一OK.It ' s a(n).A. business B Trade C. agreement D. dea3. hold up舉起；提出（作為榜樣）；延誤，阻滯 歸納拓展hold back阻擋，忍住，抑制 hold out維持；抵抗hold on堅持??；（電話用語）請稍等，不要掛斷 hold back縮回；阻止；隱瞞；

19、抑制hold down阻止（某人），制止；限制（優(yōu)勢）；不送（或不賣）某物hold in抑制（感情等）hold on to抓緊；不放開；保住hold one' s breath 屏住氣 例句： The steel strike in U . S. may hold up production of all new cars for several months.美國鋼鐵工人罷工可能使全部新汽車的生產(chǎn)停頓好幾個月。They hold up his behaviour as a model.他們把他的行為作為其他人學(xué)習(xí)的楷模?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】There was a big hole in th

20、e road which the traffic.A. took up B. brought back C . kept back D . held up【解析】句意為：公路上有個大坑阻礙了交通。hold up "延誤，阻滯”，符合題意。take up“占據(jù)，從事"；bring back "帶回"；keep back “扣留，隱瞞”?！敬鸢浮緿 What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has been ?A. given out B. held up C. run out D.

21、used up4.lift up (被)提起；舉起；抬高；吊起I lifted the lid of the box up and peered in.我掀起箱蓋往里看。知識拓展not lift/raise a finger/hand(to do sth.) 一點忙也不幫；油瓶倒了都不扶 lift off 發(fā)射；起飛；辨析：raise, rise 與 lift up1)raise是及物動詞，“使"上升"。2)rise是不及物動詞，“升起；上升；起立”。 Prices have been raised up.價格被提高了。Prices rose gradually.價格逐漸地

22、漲上去了。3)lift up舉起；提起；使振奮；鼓舞 Lift it up to the table.把它抬到桌子上。即學(xué)即用(2009 北京東城模擬)When I told him to make an apology, he his eyebrows and said, “ Apologize? WhyA . held up B. put up C . came up D . lifted up5. take off 1）脫掉（衣服等）2）突然急升；大受歡迎；極為成功3）起飛 4）休假 5）突然離開Take your coat off and sit down.把外套脫掉坐下吧。 I fo

23、rgot to take off my make - up last night. 昨天我忘了卸妝。Sales of home cars have taken off recent years. 私家車的銷售量近年來上升很快。 I hear the business is really taking off.我聽說生意真的要興隆了。The plane took off despite the fog.盡管有霧飛機仍照常起飛。鏈接：take after（在禮貌、行為等方面）與（某個長輩）想像take apart拆卸；拆開take away 減去take back 收回take in收容（養(yǎng)）；欺

24、騙take over接管；接收take up從事；占據(jù) 高考直擊（2009 安徽）We tried to find a table for seven , but they were all.A. given away B. kept away C . taken up D. used upTo tell you the truth, you have the chance of getting a good job this time.A. thrown off B . taken off C . thrown away D . given inC核心句型一一線入面，靈犀現(xiàn)1. Body l

25、anguage is fascinating for anyone to study身勢語對任何研究者來說都是吸引人的。此結(jié)構(gòu)為一基本句型變式，即：It be adj. （for A） to do BIt is hard （for ） to learn.? B be adj. for A to dois hard （for ） to learn.Tom is a person easy to go with.This machine is very easy. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes （2012 ,遼寧卷，29）A. opera

26、tingB. to be operatingC . operatedD. to operate 2.In France you should shake hands every time you say hello and goodbye.在法國，每次打招呼或告別時，你都要（與別人）握手。此處every time引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示 每當?shù)臅r候”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)常見的還有 the序數(shù)詞time（第次做的時候）last/next time（上次嚇次做的時候）any/every/each time（任何一 /每次做的時候） the moment/minute/second/instant（一就）相當于

27、連接詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。（At） the moment （that） the boy saw me, he ran away.那小男孩一見我就跑。（For） the first time （that） I met her, she was a little girl.第 次我見她的時候，她還是個小女注意：前面的介詞和后面的 that省則一起?。涣魟t一起留。每次看到這種事物我都惡心I feel sick such food.工作難干，我都有點不知所措With work , I ' m something like at a loss.啥時候想來就來Just come to visit

28、me.經(jīng)過努力我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個問題不像想象中那么難解決Through efforts , I find the problem as supposed.3. Perhaps more than I think.也許比我想的要多。more than比.多；多于 歸納拓展(1)more than +名詞(動名詞)，意思是“不僅僅是，不只是“。more than +數(shù)詞，意思是“超過， ,以上工more than +形容詞，意思是"非常，很"。(2)no more than 僅僅，不過not more than 至多，不超過 more than a little 非more than

29、one.不止 個 moreor less差不多； 或多或少(3)more.than這種結(jié)構(gòu)是對于不同的人或物的同一性質(zhì)或方面的比較，意為“比(形硬詞和副詞的比較級)；與其說.倒不如說.”。例句： He is no more a genius than I am.我不是天才，他也不是。Mr Smith is more a writer than painter.與其說史密斯先生是個畫家，倒不如說他是個作家。同類辨析no more than 與 not more than(1)no more than = only,含有消極否定的意思，意為“不過，只有，僅僅” 。(2) not more than

30、 = at most,意為“不超過，至多”。例句：He has learned no more than 100 words.他才學(xué)會了 100 個單詞。He has learned not more than 100 words.他學(xué)會的單詞不超過 100 個。(2)no more.than (not.any more than)跟從句，表示兩者皆否定的觀念，意思是“不,正如,不,，一樣“。例句： A nation cannot exist without people any more than a tree can grow without roots.一個國家不可能離開人民而存在，正如

31、樹沒有根不能生長一樣。(3)not more.than跟從句，表示兩者皆肯定的觀念，只是有差別而已，意思是“不及,那 樣”。例句：He is not more diligent than you are.他不像你那樣勤奮?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】一Do you need any help, Lucy?Yes.The job is I could do myself.A . less than B. more than C . no more than D . not more than過去完成時、過去完成時的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)特點概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去

32、( past-in-the-past )”。-|I1>那時以前那時現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成：過去完成時由“助動詞had +過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其中 had通用于各種人稱。They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 : 00 this morning.二、過去完成時的判斷依據(jù)1 .由時間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時態(tài)都有特定的時間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：(1 ) by + 過去的時間點。如：I had finished re

33、ading the novel by nine o'clock last night.(2 ) by the end of +過去的時間點。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.(3 ) before +過去的時間點。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2 .由“過去的過去”來判定。過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，是指過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即動作有先后關(guān)系，動作在前的用過去完成時，

34、在后的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在：(1 )賓語從句中當賓語從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成吃。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。如：She said that she had seen the film before.(2 )狀語從句中在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動作在前的，要用過去完成時，動作在后的要用一般過去時。如：When I got to the station, the train had already left.After he had finis

35、hed his homework, he went to bed.注意：before, after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，由于 before 和after本身已表達了動作的先后關(guān)系，若主、從句表示的動作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時。如：Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom.(3 ) 表示意向的動詞， 如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本，未能UWe h

36、ad hoped that you would come, but you didn't.3 .根據(jù)上、下文來判定。I met WangTao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.三、過去完成時的主要用法1 .過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā) 生在“過去的過去”。如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了。（主句的動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”）2 .過去完成時是一個相對

37、的時態(tài)，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。如：He told me that he had written a new book. （had written發(fā)生在 told 之前）3 .過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already , yet , still , just , before , never 等時間副詞及 by , before , until等引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。如： Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a midd

38、le school for about five years.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.4 .過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.（had worked 已有了 20年，還有繼續(xù)進行下去的可能）一.單項選擇1. He asked me during th

39、e summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had goneC. where had I been D. where had I gone2. What Jane by the time he was sever?A. did, doB. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I 900 English words by the time I was ten 。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt4. She lived here for

40、years.A. had, a few B. has, severalC. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked6. She said she the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family t

41、hemselves the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he.A. has completed university B. has completed the universityC. had completed an university D. had completed university9. She had written a number of

42、books the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at10. He to play before he was 11 years old.A had learned, pianoB. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.11. What Annie by the time he was ten?A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done12. .He _ in the factory for three

43、 years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work13. By the end of last week, they the bridge.A. has completed B. Completed C. will complete D. had completed14. Ben hates playing violin, but he likes playing football.A. a the B. the the C. / the D. the /15. By the ti

44、me he was 4, he a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learnedC. learned D. learns16. .Jim turned off the lights and then the classroom.A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left17. They in Guangzhou since 2000.A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living18. The train from Beijing_ ten m

45、inutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived19. The students their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned20. Fergie the project in one hour.A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished第一部分語法和詞匯知識（每

46、題 1分，共15分）C. To know; toD. To't know it.C. how to deal with D. howC. Speaking.D.1. English will help to communicate people from different countries in the world.A. Known; withB. Knowing; withknow; in2. Seeing the car trapped in the snow drift, the driver didnA. how to doB. what to doto do with3.

47、 一 Can I speak to Shannon, please?一 She is getting changed.A. Who are you?B. Hold on, please!Are you John?4. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has? （2005 年山東卷）D.used up't dare to travel in hicSr. （2005A. given outB. put outC. held up5. Your uncle seems to be a good driver

48、:, I wouldnA. even so西卷）B. even thoughC. thereforeD. so6. To be well-informed, we should be communication each otherwhat happens tous.A. on, for, about B. in, for, for C. with, by, at D. in, with, about7. I have a great and admiration for my former English teacher.A. passionB. dislikeC. contemptD. r

49、espect8. His proposals were with cheers.A. greetedB. grownC. graspedD. guessed9. My father walked in the room, looking as if he was thinking over something.A. now and then B. up and down C. again and again D. over and over10. In order to help people to see the performance at the same time, they gave

50、 a broadcast.11. Our football teamA. livingB. aliveC. liveD. livelyA. demandB. master12. You should try to get a good nightA. howeverB. no matter13., I have never seen anyone whos has been excellent during the whole year.C. historyD. performance's sleep much work youhave to do.C. althoughD. what

51、ever's as capable as John.A. As long as I haveB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so muchA. ever sinceB. now that15. I don ' t know if it. YouA. will rain; will rain B. rain; will rain14. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,she was

52、an only child. （2005 年遼寧 卷）C. even though D. even asll get wet if it. You' d better take an umbrella.C. will rain; rains D. rains; rains第二部分能力培養(yǎng)（共50分）第一節(jié)完形填空（每空1分，共20分）When I woke next morning, I was dying of _1_J seemed to have a hole instead of a _2_. _I dressed quickly and hurried down to the

53、 dinning-room. It was a big room with six tall windows and the ugliest wallpaper I had ever seen! _3_, I had been told the hotel was not beautiful but that you were better _4_ there than in any other hotel; and that was 5_ I wanted just then.The waiter came hurrying up. Before I came downstairs I ha

54、d prepared _6_ carefully for what I must _7 . I had looked three times in my dictionary to make sure 8_" breakfast”really meant “ breakfast ” . I had tried to get the9_ghn d_ had stood in the front of a mirror and twisted my mouth until it ached.The waiter asked me _10_ I could not understand,

55、but I spoke only my one prepared word“breakfast ” . He looked at me in a1 way. So I repeated it. Still he did not understand. It was12 that English people didn ' t understand their language. The wa3er his head and went away, but he came back in a minute and brought a tray with tea, bread and but

56、ter enough to feed a small army and went away. But I was hungry, and I left 14 . When the waiter came back I thought his face showed a little 15 , but you can never _16_. What a waiter ' s face really shows! In another minute he brought _17一 tray with some bacon（ 熏肉）and some eggs. He18_ have misunderstood me, but I thought it was no use explaining to people who don' t understand their own language, so I just set to wor