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1、2011英語 語法和寫作復(fù)習(xí)(專升本)一、動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)題(大家應(yīng)該記住我所講過的九種時態(tài),特別是其中的過去完成,過去進(jìn)行時,客觀真理要用一般現(xiàn)在時等)        1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.        2、By the time we got

2、 there,the play had already begun.        3、When I was a child,I knew that the earth turns about its axis.    4When Mr.Delay got home after a

3、0;days exhausting workhis wife and children were sleeping.    二、非謂語動詞題(特別是現(xiàn)在分詞與過時分詞的區(qū)別,大家一定要弄明白主動與被動這對最最重要的區(qū)別)        1、The film showed last night was very moving. (-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的

4、區(qū)別)    2. The problem being discussed is very important.        3. Given more time,we are sure to finish it.        4. Will you please make 

5、yourself known to everyone here        三、It作形式主語及形式賓語題(這也是一個??键c(diǎn),it本身是沒有意思的,注意it還可以指時間,天氣等。)        1、It is difficult to study English well.        2、We thi

6、nk it is important to pass the exam.        四、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(大家要記住的是it is(was)。that。如果前面是it is/was 后面往往選用that,當(dāng)然強(qiáng)調(diào)人的時候也可用who)        1、It was at an evening party that

7、0;I first saw her.        2、It is what you will do that is important.        3、When was it that he bought a new car    五、倒裝句型 

8、;全部倒裝句(全部倒裝題歷年只考過一次,考得最多是部分倒裝)        1、Stop talking!There comes the teacher.        部分倒裝句(如果選項(xiàng)里面有兩個主謂倒裝了,兩個沒有,我們一般要在倒裝里做選擇)        1、So badly was he hurt in th

9、e accident that he had to be sent to hospital.        2、Not only does he study well,but also he is always ready to help others.      &#

10、160; 3 Mary has done well in the English exam. So she has. She always does well in the exam.六、從句中選擇關(guān)系詞(重點(diǎn)在定語從句,because, since ,now that ,asfor sothatsuch that)        1、It

11、0;was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.        2、Oct.15,2005 is a day when we will take our English examination.        3、We 

12、;want to buy the same book as you are reading.        4、The sun heats the earth,which is very important to living things.        七、虛擬語氣(我們要記住與現(xiàn)在,

13、過去,將來相反的三種情況,特別是與過去相反的情況最??迹儆芯褪莣ish , as if 后面所接的三種情況,還有一個??键c(diǎn)在suggest,demand,require,order等表示建議,要求,命令的詞后面加從句時,從句里謂語要用(should)+動詞原形,如果是被動則用(should +be +動詞過去分詞)        1、I would have done it better if I had 

14、;had more time.        2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.        3、I suggest that we(should )adopt a different policy.    4 Had it 

15、;not been for your helpwe would never have been able to get over the difficulties.   八、情態(tài)動詞題(除了掌握常見情態(tài)動詞基本用法外,??键c(diǎn)在三種表推測的情況,分別為must表對現(xiàn)在事情的肯定推測 ,cant表對現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的否定推測,must have +v-ed表示對過去事實(shí)的肯定推測,而則表示過去應(yīng)該做某事而沒有

16、做)        1、The ground is so wet,it must have rained last night.        2、She must be a doctor,I think.        3、I should have

17、0;called you last week,but I was too busy then.    九、幾組形容詞及副詞區(qū)別題(注意比較級、最高級、倍數(shù)表達(dá);likely, possible, probable;worth, worthy;too much, much too;already, yet等)        1、His books are three t

18、ime as many as my books.        2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.        3、It is much too hot tonight.     

19、   4、The harder he worked,the happier he felt.        十、主謂一致題(往往出題者都是考謂語動詞選單數(shù)這種情況,如each,every,everyone這樣的詞作主語以及Mary,like many other girls likes listening to music 題)      

20、;  1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.        2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.     3、Neit

21、her the quality nor the prices have changed.(近位原則) 十一、動詞及動詞詞組區(qū)別題(??嫉挠衦aise risea risea rose;spend cost take pay afford;wound injure hurt damage;find find out discover invent;hit strike ring beat;tell say speak talk;join join in take part in等以及我所講過的動詞短語)  

22、      1、Can you tell the difference between these two words        2、He joined the army three years ago.        十二、主句用將來時,從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(或現(xiàn)在完成時)表將來        1、They will leave the classroom when the

23、y have finished writing.        2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.        十三、名詞所有格以及名詞后面有限定時則該名詞前一定要加定冠詞the題(名詞的格有以下兩種情況,Tombook,以及the books of our school,特別是用of表示的所有格我們一定要習(xí)慣這種表達(dá))        1、Be

24、ijing is the capital of China.        2、He cant have the expience of all of the world.        十四、常用介詞區(qū)別題(如on,in,except besides,within,without,through等)        1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.

25、0;       2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.        3、by bustrainair。On foot,on the farm,in the morningafternoonevening,at nightnoon        十五、??即~題(??嫉挠衞ther others,another the other;sometimes some time some

26、time;thatwhich;that what,either neither or;too also either;many much a great deal of a great number of a great amount of;a few few littlea little;as long as as far as;so long as so far as)        1、That you dont like him is none of my business.     &

27、#160;  2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.        3、He must be a worker. I think so.用于文章主題句 1. 不用說? It goes without saying that子句 (It is)needless to say (that)子句 It is obvious that子句 Obviously,S. + V.例不用說,早睡早起是值得的。 It goes w

28、ithout saying that it pays to keep early hours.2. 是不可能的;無法 There is no VingThere is no way of Ving.There is no possibility of Ving.It is impossible to V.It is out of the question to V.No one can V.We cannot V.例不可否認(rèn)的?成功的事業(yè)關(guān)鍵在于健康的身心。 There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body

29、 and mind.3. 我深信 I am greatly convinced (that)子句 I am greatly assured (that)子句 例我深信預(yù)防是于治療。 I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4. 在各種之中? Among various kinds of , Of all the , 例在各種運(yùn)動中?我尤其喜歡慢跑。 Among various kinds of sports,I like jogging in particular.5. 是很容易證明的。 It can be easi

30、ly proved (that)子句 例時間最珍貴是很容易證明的。 It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6. 無論如何強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過 cannot be overemphasized例交通安全的重要性無論如何強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過。 The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7. 就我的看法?;我認(rèn)為 In my opinion, To my mind, 。 As far as I am concerned, I am of the opin

31、ion that子句 例就我的看法?打電動玩具既花費(fèi)時間也有害健康。 In my opinion,playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8. (A)每個人都知道 Everyone knows (that)子句 (B)就我所知? As far as my knowledge is concerned, 例就我所知?下列方法對我?guī)椭艽蟆?As far as my knowledge is concerned,the following ways are of great help to

32、 me.9. 毫無疑問地? There is no doubt (that)子句 例毫無疑問地?近視在我國的年輕人中是一個嚴(yán)重的問題。 There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10. 根據(jù)我個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)? According to my personal experience, Based on my personal experience, 例根據(jù)我個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)?微笑已帶給我許多好處。 According to my personal experience,

33、smile has done me a lot of good.11. 在我認(rèn)識的人當(dāng)中?也許沒有一個人比更值得我尊敬。 Of all the people I know,perhaps non deserves my respect more than 例在我認(rèn)識的人當(dāng)中?也許沒有一個人比我的英文老師張老師更值得我尊敬。 Of all the people I know,perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang,my English teacher.12. 在我的求學(xué)過程中?我忘不了 In the course of my sc

34、hooling. I will never forget 例在我的求學(xué)過程中?我忘不了學(xué)習(xí)英文所遭到的大困難。 In the course of my schooling. I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)隨著人口的增加?With the increase/growth of the population, (B) 隨著科技的進(jìn)步,With the advance of science and technology, 例隨著臺灣經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展?許多社會問題產(chǎn)生了。

35、With the rapid development of Taiwans economy,a lot of social problems have come to pass.14. (A)在這信息的年代?扮演重要的角色。 In the age of information and communication, plays an important role.(B)在今日工業(yè)社會中?是生命不可或缺的。 In todays industrial society, is indispensable to life.例在這信息的年代?計(jì)算機(jī)扮演非常重要的角色。 In this age of inf

36、ormation and communication,the computer plays an extremely important role.15. 在討論?一個人不得不承認(rèn)。 In dealing with ,one cannot but admit (that)子句 例在討論未來的職業(yè)?一個人不得不承認(rèn)盡早決定未來的職業(yè)很重要。 In dealing with ones future career,one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide ones future career as early as possib

37、le.16. 世上沒有什么比更令我高興。 Nothing in the world can delight me so much as 例世上沒有什么比到快餐店吃漢堡更令我高興。 Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17. 是必要的 It is necessary that S (should)V 是重要的 It is important/essential that S (should)V 是適當(dāng)?shù)?It is proper that S (shou

38、ld)V 是緊急的 It is urgent that S (should)V例我們當(dāng)保持公共場所清潔是應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)摹?It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.18. 每當(dāng)我聽到?我就忍不住感到興奮。Whenever I hear ,I cannot but feel excited.每當(dāng)我做?我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I do ,I cannot but feel sad.每當(dāng)我想到?我就忍不住感到緊張。Whenever I think of ,I cannot but feel nervous.每當(dāng)我遭遇?

39、我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with ,I cannot but feel frightened.每當(dāng)我看到 我就忍不住感到驚訝。Whenever I see ,I cannot but feel surprised.例每當(dāng)我想到我家附近那一條清澈的小溪?我就忍不住感到悲傷。 Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home,I cannot but feel sad.Every time I think of the clean brook near my home,I cannot help feeling sad.1

40、9. 據(jù)說 It is said (that)子句 一般認(rèn)為 It is thought (that)子句 大家都知道 It is known (that)子句 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo) It is reported (that)子句 一般預(yù)料 It is expected (that)子句 一般估計(jì) It is estimated (that)子句 一般相信 It is believed (that)子句 例一般相信閱讀增加我們的知識、擴(kuò)大我們的心胸。 It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20. 的

41、主要理由是 The main reason why is (that)子句 例青少年犯罪的主要理由是社會環(huán)境日一敗壞。 The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21. 俗語說得好:。 Well goes an old saying,""As an old saying goes(runs, says),""An old saying goes,""Its an old saying (tha

42、t)子句 例俗話說得好:誠實(shí)為上策。 As an old saying goes,"Honesty is the best policy."22. (A)用下列方法 in the following ways.(B)有三個主要理由。 for three major reasons.(C)要?至少我們可做三件事。To ,there are at least three things we can do.例(A)我用下列方法增加信心。 I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人們學(xué)外語有三個理由。 People lea

43、rn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)為了維護(hù)健康?我們每天至少可做三件事。 To keep healthy,there are at least three things we can do every day.用于文章結(jié)論句1. 如果能實(shí)踐這三點(diǎn)?。 If one can really put the three points into action (practice), 例如果能實(shí)踐這三點(diǎn)?。 If one can really put the three points into action(practice),he wil

44、l surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.2. 做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以。 By doing these simple things,we surely can 。 例做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以快樂出門平安回家。 By doing these simple things,we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.3. 如此?我相信。 In this way,I believe (that)子句 例如此?我相信大家能夠像我一樣

45、?享受乘坐公車的樂趣。 In this way,I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.4. 實(shí)踐這些?。 By putting them (the above) into practice,。 例實(shí)踐這些?在智育方面我一直能不斷進(jìn)步。 By putting them(the above)into practice,I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.5.(A)唯有符合此三項(xiàng)要求?我們才能。

46、 Only by living up to the three requirements,can we 。 (B)唯有通力合作?我們才能。 Only with combined efforts,can we 。 例唯有通力合作?我們才能期望臺灣不久有新的面貌。 Only with combined efforts,can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.6. 最后?但并非最不重要?。 Last but no least,。 例最后?但并非最不重要?教育上的缺失是助長青少年犯罪的原因。 Last but no least,the

47、 shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.7. 這證據(jù)顯示的重要性在怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過。 This evidence shows that the importance of cannot be overemphasized.例這證據(jù)顯示交通安全的重要性在怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過。 This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.8. 由于這些理由?我。 For these re

48、asons,I 。 例由于這些理由?我認(rèn)為在臺灣接受大學(xué)教育是明智的。 For these reasons,I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.9. 總而言之?。 In conclusion, To sum up, 例總而言之?好國民應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則。 In conclusion,a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.10. 因此?我們能下個結(jié)論?那就是。 We can,therefore,come to the conclusion (that)子

49、句 例因此?我們能下個結(jié)論?那就是世上自由罪珍貴。 We can,therefore,come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.11. 如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?。 If we can do as mentioned above,there can be no doubt (that)子句 例如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?我們就能精通英語。 If we can do as mentioned above,there can be no doubt that we can

50、master English12. 因此?這就是的原因。 Thus,this is the reason why 。 例因此?這就是我重感冒的原因。 Thus,this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.13. 所以?我們應(yīng)該了解。 Therefore,we should realize (that)子句 例所以?我們應(yīng)該了解學(xué)英文不能沒有字典。 Therefore,we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.14. 因此?由上列的討論我們可以

51、明了。 We,therefore,can make clear from the above discussion (that)子句 例因此?由上列的討論我們可以明了毅力可以克服任何困難。 We,therefore,can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.15. 1. 從觀點(diǎn)來看?。From the point of view,。 2. 根據(jù)的看法?。According to point of view,。 用于文章承轉(zhuǎn)句 1. 那就是(說);亦即 That i

52、s to say, That is, Namely, 例我們生活需有規(guī)律。也就是說?早睡早起?戒除煙酒。 We need to live a regular life. That is,we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.2. (A)基于這個理由? For this reason, (B)為了這個目的? For this purpose, 例基于這個理由?我已決定把行醫(yī)作為未來的職業(yè)。 For this reason,I have decided to take

53、 practicing medicine as my future career.3. 我們有理由相信 We have reasons to believe (that)子句 例我們有理由相信體罰應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格禁止。 We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.4. 事實(shí)上? As a matter of fact, In fact, 例事實(shí)上?健康才是最重要。 As a matter of fact,it is health that counts.5. (A)例如? For e

54、xample, (B)拿做例子 Take for example.例例如?我們盲目地提高生活水準(zhǔn)?卻降低生活品質(zhì)。 For example,we elevate the living standards blindly,but lower the quality of life.6. 此外?我們不應(yīng)忽視 Besides (In addition),we should not neglect 例此外?我們不應(yīng)忽視每個人都想要一個溫馨祥和的社會。 In addition,we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peacefu

55、l society.7. 相反地? on the contrary, by contrast, 例相反地?少數(shù)學(xué)生似乎還在鬼混。 On the contrary,a few students,it seems,are still fooling around.8. 另一方面? on the other hand, 例政府應(yīng)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法?另一方面?大眾也應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)減少污染的好習(xí)慣。 The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand,the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.9. 然而?很可惜的是 However,it is a pity that子句 例然而?很可惜的是他總是臨時抱佛腳。 However,it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.10. 換言之? in other words, to put it differently例換言之?我會盡最大的努力達(dá)成我的目標(biāo)

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