北京市高考英語二輪復習短文改錯訓練(1)

1、短文改錯練習(1)高考英語專題之短文改錯從近幾年的高考短文改錯來看,一篇120詞左右的短文中共有10處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉.修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.短文改錯的目的是測試考生發(fā)現、判斷、糾正一些詞法、句法以及語篇中的行文邏輯等方面錯誤的水平.它既能考查考生的詞匯和語法方面的水平,也能考查考生的閱讀理解水平.其考查要點的主要方面有：知識點一：詞法性錯誤1.冠詞：冠詞的考查主要集中在不定冠詞a,an及定冠詞the的混用和漏用.主要包括以下幾個

2、方面：(1)不定冠詞a和an互改；(2)不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；(3)定冠詞the的多余或缺失；(4)單數可數名詞前冠詞的缺失(一般情況下,單數可數名詞在句中出現時,其前需要加上適當的冠詞或其他限定詞)；(5)不可數名詞表示泛指時冠詞的多余；(6)常見固定搭配的錯用.(1)Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.解析因hour以元音音素開頭.答案a-an(2)Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.解析因此處并非特指,而是泛指.答案the-a(3)Goodhealthisperson'smos

3、tvaluablepossession.解析這里的a表泛指.答案person's前加a(4)Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.解析此處的winterholidays屬特指或者是談話雙方都知道的.答案a-the(5)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.解析catchsightof是習語,意為“看見,瞥見答案去掉a2 .名詞：名詞的考查主要包括名詞的數的用法(可數名詞與不可數名詞的混用,可數名詞單復數的錯用)；名詞格的誤用、名詞前限定詞的用法以及抽象名詞與物質名詞具體化的用法.(6

4、)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.解析因"水為物質名詞,不可數.答案waterswater(7)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.解析因其前的謂語動詞are為復數形式.答案librarylibraries(8)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.解析sometime意為"某時".答案times一time(9)TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaan

5、daskedmelotsofquestion._解析因其前有表示復數意義的修飾語lotsof.答案questionquestions3 .代詞：短文改錯對代詞的考查主要涉及人稱代詞的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和單復數的一致性)、人稱代詞的主格與賓格變化、各類代詞的誤加與漏用(尤其是一些易受漢語影響的結構)、某些不定代詞的用法(尤其是在意思上用錯)、代詞在某些習語中的用法等.(10)Davidpointedtoapathwhichithethoughtwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.解析因它與其前的關系代詞which語義重復.答案去掉it(11)Whenwewalked

6、tothecar,Billsmiledandshookhead.解析漢語為"搖頭",而英語的習慣是說shakeone'shead.答案head前加his(12)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.TheyhavebeentoEuropemanytimes.解析前后人稱不一致.答案They一We(13)TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.解析因前面的theSmiths指的是“史密斯夫婦/一家“,是復數意義.答案his一their4 .形容詞與副詞：形容詞與副詞主要考查兩個方面：(1)形容詞與副詞

7、的錯用.包括近義形容詞的錯用、近義副詞的錯用、形容詞與副詞之間的混用以及以一ly結尾的副詞和不是以一ly結尾的同根副詞之間的誤用、動詞一ing形式和動詞-ed形式的形容詞辨析等；(2)原級、比擬級和最高級的誤用.包括原級、比擬級和最高級之間的混用；比擬級的修飾語使用不當.常見的比擬級修飾語有abit,alittle,much,far,many,alot,even等；常見的最高級修飾語有almost,byfar,nearly等；常見的和原級搭配的結構有as.as;how與what的混用也是常見考點.(14)LastSunday,policecarshurriedtothetallerbuildi

8、nginNewYork.解析因從含義上看此處應是最高級.答案tallertallest(15)Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.解析由于longer本身已是比擬級,不能再用more修飾.答案去掉more5 .介詞與介詞短語：短文改錯中對介詞的考查主要集中在介詞短語及介詞與動詞、形容詞、名詞的搭配等.介詞與名詞的常見搭配：與to搭配的名詞：answer,reply,key,visit,apology,introduction,entrance,invitation等.與in

9、搭配的名詞：expert,interest等.與on搭配的名詞：mercy,congratulation等.其他介詞與名詞的搭配：victoryover,advantageover,respectfor,prizefor等.(16)Billinsistedinstayingnearthecar.解析insiston為固定搭配.答案in-on(17)Whentheycamedown,thepolicewereangrytothem.解析要表示“對某人生氣,習慣上用beangrywithsb.答案to一with(18)Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadocto

10、rorgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.解析因其前的get是及物動詞.答案去掉for6 .動詞：除動詞時態(tài)與非謂語動詞之外,動詞考點還包括被動語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞、動詞用法辨析、動詞be(19)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.解析由于從含義上看,此處謂語應用被動語態(tài).答案seeing一seen(20)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.解析因此處要用被動語態(tài).答案keep一kept(21).andletyouknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned.解析因從句意上看,

11、此處要用被動語態(tài).答案returned前加been(22)UncleBenwillalsogobackforChristmas.解析由句意可知.答案go一come(23)TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions.解析因此處缺謂語動詞.答案eager前加were7.非謂語動詞：短文改錯對非謂語動詞的考查主要涉及不定式符號to的有無,介詞后該使用動詞的什么形式(用動名詞),并列結構中幾個非謂語動詞是否一致,動詞用作主語時用何種形式(可用動名詞或不定式,但不能用動詞原形)等.(24)DavidandIwantedgoof

12、ftofindhelpbutBillinsistedonstayingnearthecar.解析由于want后要接不定式.答案wanted后加to(25).ratherthangointotheforestandgettinglost.解析由于get與其前的go并列.答案getting一get(26)Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth,havebetterfood,andtoliveinclearersurroundings.解析由于live與其前的know,have并列.答案去掉live前的to(27) .youpaythecostofsendapostcard,

13、thelibrarianwillwritetoyou.解析由于介詞后接動名詞作賓語.答案send一sending模擬短文改錯Mother'sDaywasaroundthecorner.Mygoodfriend1.Alice,JennyandIgettogether,discussingwhatweshoulddoto2.ourrespectfor.Alicewasplanningtobuysomeflowerswith3.hispocketmoneyinhonorofhermother.Jennywasgoingtobuy4.vegetablestocookdeliciousdinne

14、rforherfamilyonthatday,because5.shewantedtoexperiencehowmanyhermotherdoesforherfamily6.everyday.Asforme,I'dliketomakeagreetingcard,said7.“HappyMother'sDay",inwhichIwouldalsotellmymother8.topayattentiontohealthorpromisehertostudyharder.9.WearelookingforwardtoMother'sDay.10.【參考答案及解析】1

15、. friend-friends考查名詞的單復數.根據后為可知應是兩人,故用復數形式.2. get-got考查動詞時態(tài).根據上文可知事情發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時.3. 去掉for考查介詞的用法.此處what作do的賓語,for是多余的.4. his-her考查代詞指代一致.根據文意Alice是女名,故用her.5. cook后加a考查冠詞的用法.此處dinner是可數名詞,其前應加a.6. many-much考查詞義的區(qū)別.此處domuchfor為.做得多.7. said-saying考查現在分詞作定語.此處相當于定語從句whichsays"HappyMother'sDay

16、"8. in-on考查介詞的用法.此處onwhich相當于onthecard.9.or-and考查句意理解.此處and表并列.10.V經分析本句正確.卜面短文中有10處語言錯誤.請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞.增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號A,并在其下面寫上該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞.2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11除起不計分.例如：ItwasverynicetogetyourinvitationtospendAweekendwithyou.LuckilyIwasTheam

17、completelyfreethen,soI'lltosay"yes",I'n(arr:00ipi.mr回Flrateyrouonevening.2021年浙江高考真題:Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,hehadmoretoysthanIdid.TherewasoneonparticularI'dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn'tlooking.Iguessed,evenatthatage,Iwouldneverb

18、eabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;IwouldalwaysknowI'ddonesomethingwrong.Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshedroppedmeoff,Ipulledoutthetoyslowandgaveitback.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandevermentioneditagain.參考答案：Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,he

19、hadmoretoysthanIdid.cousin'sricherTherewasoneonparticularI'dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn'tlooking.Iguessed,input后加itevenatthatage,Iwouldneverbeabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;Iwould去掉tofacealwaysknowI'ddonesomethingwrong.Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshed

20、roppedmeoff,ILaterpulledoutthetoyslowandgaveitback.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandeverslowlyknewnevermentioneditagain.2021年浙江高考真題：下面短文中有10處語言錯誤.請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞.增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號A,并在其下面寫上該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞.2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11除起不計分.Myoldclassroo

21、mwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkw

22、ithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherinthedistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.參考

23、答案：Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.Ienjoyedsidesofsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethesittingeasilyfootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisisalsosplendid.C

24、losetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasnot去掉alwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.Thepositionoftheclassroomwithitsview加amademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyachildwh

25、enIstudiedinthatclassroom,IwillneverforgetfeelThough/Althoughit.短文改錯.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同學寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號A,并在其下面寫出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉.修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者從第11處起不計分.Walter'sgoalinlifewasbecomeasuccessfullydoctor.Heknewhehadtofinishhighschoolfirst,soheputhisheartintohers