英語語法學案---感嘆句

1、 廣州卓越教育機構(gòu)一對一 感嘆句一、什么叫感嘆句感嘆句是表示喜怒哀樂等強烈感情的句子。感嘆句句末通常用感嘆號，讀時一般用降調(diào)。二、感嘆句的基本句型【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語！What a clever boy he is! (他是個)多么聰明的男孩??！What an interesting story it is! (這是個)多么有趣的故事?。hat fine weather it is! 多好的天氣?。hat beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花?。　菊f明】 在感嘆句中，What a / a

2、n 常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用 an。what 是用來修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，當前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用 what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場雨?。hat a great surprise it is! 這多么令人驚奇??！What a rich breakfast it is! 多么豐盛的一頓早餐??！ 【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語！How well you

3、 look! 你氣色真好!How kind you are! 你心腸真好!How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽!Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!How clever the boy is! 這個男孩多么聰明啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生??！How she dances! 她跳得多好??！感嘆句型總結(jié)How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分！How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分！What

4、+名詞+其他成分！What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分！What + 形容詞+復數(shù)名詞+其他成分！What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+其他成分！請看以下例子：Its an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影??！Its wonderful weather. 天氣很好。What wonderful weather! 天氣真好！He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細。How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細?。ime pas

5、sed quickly. 時間過得很快。How quickly time passed! 時間過得真快【難點】   三、注意  （1）要修飾名詞的形容詞不能是表數(shù)量的many， much， little， few，遇此情況要用how，即使它們后面跟有名詞：    How many books he has！ 他的書真多！    How much money he gave her！ 他給了她好多錢呀！    How little money I have！ 我的錢多么少呀！&

6、#160;   How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！    比較：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀?。ㄔ搇ittle不表示數(shù)量）     （2）有時句中的主語和謂語可以省略：    How fast！ 多快呀！    How nice！ 多好呀！    How beautiful！ 多美呀！四、感嘆句巧解五法 （1）一找·二斷·三

7、辨·四確定：構(gòu)成感嘆句的感嘆詞有兩個：what和how，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：1）What名詞陳述肯定式：2）How形容詞（或副詞）陳述肯定式很多初學者常常對該用what還是該用how弄不清楚。如：_cold water this is！AHow BWhat_cold it is！AWhat BHow如果我們采取“一找·二斷·三辨·四確定”的方法很快就能確定該選哪個感嘆詞。“一找”即先找出句中的主語。“二斷”就是在句中的名詞（形容詞、副詞等）與代詞（或名詞）之間斷開。例如上面第一句應在water與this中斷開（因this是指示代詞），斷開后辨別斷線前面的詞的詞

8、性，也就是所謂“三辨”，句中斷線前的詞是water，而water是名詞。第四步，就可迅速確定如果是名詞就選what。所以第一例句就選B。用這個方法我們會對上面第二個例句作出如下判斷：_coldit is！斷開線其前cold是形容詞，故應填How。上面兩個例句是最基本最簡單的填空題形式。但只要掌握這個方法，即使再復雜的填空題也會迎刃而解。不過還要注意，如果斷開后，斷線前的那個中心詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，千萬別忘了在感嘆詞與名詞間加冠詞a（an）。例如：_nice present it is！AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法，從present與it之間斷開，斷線前present是名

9、詞，且為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，nice又以輔音開頭，故選D。（2）“斷找去添改”五步法：若把一個陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句，可以采取這“五步法”。如：The picture is very beautiful斷：在陳述句中的謂語動詞后將句子斷開：The picture isvery beautiful找：劃出斷線后的中心詞是何詞類。去：中心詞是形容詞或副詞時，要把修飾該形容詞或副詞的詞去掉。（比如本句中心詞beautiful是形容詞，修飾該詞的是very，變時應去掉very。但須注意，線后如果是名詞，名詞前的修飾語是萬萬不能去掉的。添：就是添上感嘆詞。如果線后的中心詞是名詞，就添What；是形容詞或副詞就添Ho

10、w。改：將陳述句句前的大寫改為小寫，將變?yōu)楦袊@句的感嘆詞及其修飾的名詞部分放在句首，感嘆詞首寫字母改為大寫。同時句尾的標點由陳述句的句號改為感嘆句的感嘆號。據(jù)此，上句就變成了：How beautiful the picture is！再如：要把“He is a good student”變成感嘆句，可如上法炮制：He isa good student中心詞是名詞student，a good為修飾student的修飾語，不能去掉，故變成感嘆句應選感嘆詞what，變成：What a good student he is?。?）一斷·二加·三換位：例：1）This is a be

11、autiful flower·2）This flower is beautiful“一斷”：在謂語動詞后將此句劃斷。1）This isa beautiful flower2）This flower isbeautiful“二加”：在第二部分前加引起感嘆句的“What或How”；中心詞為名詞時加“What”；是形容詞、副詞加“How”。1）What a beautiful flower2）How beautiful“三換位”：將第一部分與第二部分對換位置。1）What a beautiful flower this is！2）How beautiful this flower is?。?/p>

12、4）句型記憶法：因how和what的詞性及其在句中的功能不同，由它們引起的感嘆句句型可歸納為7種。如果記住這7種句套子，做任何感嘆句題都易如反掌。例：從題前A、B、C、D所表示的詞或短語中選擇正確答案，完成下列各句：A=What B=What a C=What an D=How_pleasant surprise you gave me！_good news we have got！_good a TV set weve bought！_unpleasant experience you had last year！答案依次為BADC。（5）歌訣記憶法：感嘆句中what和how的選用，關(guān)鍵看形

13、容詞后面是否有名詞。如果有，用what（a，an）；如果沒有，用how（至于副詞，其前永遠用how）。記住下面歌訣更方便。what，how如何選？ 先在后面把名詞找，若有名詞用what， 若無名詞必用how。what，how提句首， 其它緊跟別忘了。主謂一起挪最后, 常?？梢员皇〉??！净A練習】一將下列句子變成感嘆句    1. It is quite a nice present. _ _ nice present!    2. We have fine weather today. _ _ weather we have toda

14、y!    3. Its sunny today. _ _ sunny day it is today!    4. The children are working hard.     _ _ the children are working!    5. She played basketball wonderfully.  _ _ she played basketball!    6. He is good at singing

15、. _ _ he sings!    7. He was doing well in dancing.   _ a _ dancer he was!    8. Tom coughs badly. _ _ _ cough Tom has!    9. The fish is very lovely. _ _ the fish is!    10. They live a happy life today.     _

16、 _ _ life they live!二選擇合適選項( )1. _ a nice watch it is!     A. How B. What C. What a D. How a   ( )2. _ bright girls they are!    A. What B. What a C. How D. how a   ( )3. _ interesting the film is!     A. What B. What an C. H

17、ow   ( )4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk.     A. How a B. How C. What a D. What   ( ) 5. _ hard work it is!     A. How B. What C. What a D. What an   ( )6. _ day it is! Its rainy again.     A. How bad B.

18、What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine   ( )7. _ great day July 1,1997 will be!     A. How a B. What a C. How D. What   ( ) 8. _ expensive trousers!     A. What B. What a C. How D. What an ( ) 9. _ girl she is!     A. What bri

19、ght a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright ( )10. _ weather we have today!     A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine  ( )11. _ careless he is!    A. What B. How C. So much D. How much  ( )12. _ from Beijing to London!

20、60;   A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it    C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is  ( ) 13. Oh, John, _ you gave us!     A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise    C. What a pleasant surprise D. What ple

21、asant surprise ( )14. _ useful work they have done!     A. What B. How C. What a D. What an  ( )15. _ nice picture you gave me!     A. How B. What C. What a D. What an三、用What或How填空：1. _ a big tree it is! 2. _ big the tree is!3. _ beautiful pictures!4. _ b

22、eautiful the pictures are!5. _ high the building is!6. _ big eyes she has!7. _ lovely the ice-cream is!8. _ lovely ice-cream! 【提高題】一、將下列句子改為感嘆句.1. Its very cold today. _2. Its a nice dress. _3. They are lovely animals. _4. The man drives very carefully. _5. Its bad weather._6. He cooks very deliciou

23、s food. _7. They had a good time last Sunday. _8. The girl comes to school so early. _9. He told me important news. _10. We have a very happy family. _11. Mrs. Li found her handbag luckily. _12. The plane flies quite quickly. _13. She is a very careful student. _14. This is an easy problem. _15. You

24、r mother looks very young. _二、用What , What a , What an , How 填空1. _ hot the weather is!2. _hard her father works!3. _long way it is from Guangdong to Paris!4. _fine day it was yesterday!5. _beautiful your voice is!6. _interesting picture-books!7. _lovely baby!8. _strong wind!9. _ sad news he told us

25、!10. _happy she was last weekend!11. _good weather! 12. _nice the garden is!13. _difficult work he did!14. _broken the house looks!15. _ happy life we have!16. _well my deskmate swims!17. _helpful girl she is!18. _delicious mooncakes!19. _dangerous the tigers are!20. _tired you look!三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。(How句型和W

26、hat 句型之間的互換)1. How cold it is today! _2. How nice the dress is! _3. What lovely animals those are! _4. How bad the weather is! _5. What delicious food it is! _6. How important the news he told me! _7. What a happy family we have! _8. How nice the music is! _9. How hard the work is! _10. How naughty

27、her son is! _四、將下列句子翻譯成英語.1. 這些衣服真好看！_2. 那些畫太貴了！_3. 多丑的娃娃??！_4. 她的頭發(fā)真長??！_5. 他是多么懶惰的人??！_【課后練習】一、選擇最佳答案填空 ( )1. _ carefully the boy does his homework!A. How              B. How an C. What       

28、;           D. What an ( )2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how          B. What, what C. How, what       D. What, how ( )3. _ cheap th

29、ese clothes are! Id like to buy some for my son.A. How            B. How an C. What                D. What an  ( )4. _ fools they were! They believed what the g

30、irls said. A. How        B. How an C. What               D. What an ( )5. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How         

31、  B. How an C. What           D. What an ( )6. I miss you very much. _ I want to see you!A. How      B. How an C. What          D. What an ( )7. Oh, _

32、 mistake youve made! Its too bad.A. How           B. How a C. What             D. What a ( )8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How     &#

33、160;   B. How an C. What         D. What an ( )9. _ delicious your supper is!A. How       B. How an C. What         D. What an( )10. _ interesting work it is to

34、 teach children! A. How          B. How an C. What            D. What an二、根據(jù)所給句子填空，使填空句變?yōu)橄鄳母袊@句：1. The old man walked very slowly._ _ the old man walked!2. The film is very wonderful._ _ the

35、 film is!3. Our school looks very beautiful in spring._ _ our schools looks in spring!4. It is a very useful dictionary._ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!一定也有疑問吧！學到了什么?參考答案：【基礎練習】一 將下列句子變成感嘆句   1. Wha

36、t a 2. What fine 3. What a 4. How hard 5. How wonderfully 6. How well 7. What a good 8. What a bad 9. How lovely 10. What a happy二選擇合適選項1-5 BACCB 6-10BBACD 11-15BDCAC三、用What或How填空：1. What 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What 【提高題】一、將下列句子改為感嘆句.1. How cold it is today!2. What a nice dress it is!3. What lovely animals they are!4. How carefully the man drives!5. What bad weather it is!6. What delicious food he cooks!7. What a good time they had last Sunday!8. How early the girl comes to school!9. What important news he