年考研英語完形填空真題解析

1、1. 2003年考研英語完形填空真題解析Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes2. that young adults experience. 3. And they also need to 4. give serious 21 thought to5. how they can be best 22 accommodate such changes. 6. Growing bodies need movement and 23exercise , 7. but not ju

2、st in ways that emphasize competition. 但是不能只注重比賽8. 24 Because they are adjusting to their new bodies 9. and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, 一大堆10. teenagers are especially self-conscious 11. and need the 25 confidence 12. that comes from achieving success 13. and knowing t

3、hat their accomplishments 14. are 26 admired by others. 15. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition 16. that it would be 27 to plan activities 17. in which there are more winners than losers, 因此安排一些贏者多，輸者少的活動是很明智的18. 28 for example , 19. publishing newslette

4、rs 出版時事通訊 刊印業(yè)務(wù)通訊20. with many student-written book reviews, 21. 29 displaying student artwork, and 22. sponsoring book discussion clubs. 贊助23. A variety of small clubs 24. can provide 30 multiple opportunities for leadership, 為培養(yǎng)領(lǐng)導才能提供多種機會 25. multiple 多種的，倍數(shù)， 26. leadership 領(lǐng)導能力，領(lǐng)導層27. as well as f

5、or practice in successful 31 group dynamics. 為成功的群體動力提供練習28. dynamics 力學，動力學29. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, 30. and many shy students 31. need the 32 security of some kind of organization 需要加入某個組織以獲得安全感32. with a supportive adult 33 barely visible in the backgrounda) 需要有一位成人在

6、只有后臺看到見的地方提供支持In these activities, 33. it is important to remember that the young teens 34. have 34 short attention spans. 注意力持續(xù)時間很短35. A variety of activities should be organized 36. 35 so that participants can remain active as long as they want 這樣參加活動的人就能想活動多久就活動多久37. and then go on to 36something

7、 else 然后就可以做一些其它的事情38. without feeling guilty 39. and without letting the other participants 37 down . 也不會讓其它參與者失望40. This does not mean that 這并不是說41. adults must accept irresponsibility. 大人必須接受不負責任的做法42. 38 On the contrary 43. they can help students acquire a sense of commitment 獲得一種責任感44. by 39pla

8、nning for roles 45. that are within their 40 capability 他們力所能及46. and their attention spans 又在他們注意力時間范圍47. and by having clearly stated rules. 通過制定清楚的活動規(guī)則Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21

9、 to how they can be best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes

10、 from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written

11、 book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of orga

12、nization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling gu

13、ilty and without letting the other participants 37 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.21.A thoughtBideaC opinionD

14、advice22.A strengthenB accommodateC stimulateD enhance23.A careB nutritionC exerciseD leisure24.A IfB AlthoughC WhereasD Because25.A assistanceB guidanceC confidenceD tolerance26.A claimedB admiredC ignoredD surpassed27.A improperB riskyC fairD wise28.A in effectB as a resultC for exampleD in a sens

15、e29.A displayingB describingC creatingD exchanging30.A durableB excessiveC surplusD multiple31.A groupB individualC personnelD corporation32.A consentB insuranceC admissionD security33.A particularlyB barelyC definitelyD rarely34.A similarB longC differentD short35.A if onlyB now thatC so thatD even

16、 if36.A everythingB anythingC nothingD something37.A offB downC outD alone38.A On the contraryC On the wholeB On the averageD On the other hand39.A makingB standingC planningD taking40.A capabilityB responsibilityC proficiencyD efficiency文章背景這是一篇講述關(guān)于如何幫助青少年適應(yīng)變化的社科類議論文。主要介紹了老師需要了解青少年經(jīng)歷的情感、智力和身體上的變化。他

17、們還需要認真思考他們?nèi)绾尾拍軌蜃詈玫剡m應(yīng)這些變化。成長中的身體需要運動和鍛煉，但并不只是通過強調(diào)競爭的方法來鍛煉。因為他們正在適應(yīng)他們身體的新變化和許多新的智力和情感挑戰(zhàn)，青少年特別敏感，他們需要信心，這種信心來自于取得成功并知道別人羨慕他們的成就。答案詳解21. 【解析】A 語義辨析/ 固定搭配題。第二句中的And說明該句是對上句的補充，be aware of "意識到，想到" 與A項thought"思考，思想"意思一致，而與B項idea "主意，觀點，想法"，C項opinion"意見"和D項advice &qu

18、ot;建議"不相照應(yīng); 四個詞都可以和give連用，但是idea 和opinion是可數(shù)名詞，前面需要不定冠詞an, 而give an idea to和give an opinion to的對象都應(yīng)是人。 D干擾性最大，容易選錯，但是give advice to 的對象也應(yīng)該是人，而要想與后面的how從句銜接則必須使用介詞on,故不正確。22.【解析】B 語義辨析題。根據(jù)原文的含義，教師應(yīng)該關(guān)注的是如何能夠使他們(young adults)很好地"適應(yīng)"這些變化。此題的難點在于對accommodate一詞詞義的理解，可能很多考生只了解它的第一個意思"提供

19、住宿"，而不熟悉另外兩個重要的意思是"使?jié)M意;使適應(yīng)"。此題的選擇還有一個重要的線索，就是緊接著下文中的adjust to(適應(yīng))，二者語義相近。23.【解析】C 語義辨析題。本題目選擇名詞，在句子中充當賓語。Growing bodies need movement and, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 并列連詞and確定空格處的詞匯與movement相似或者屬于同類事物;轉(zhuǎn)折詞but not指示方向，but not just in ways that emphasize competition

20、.確定要選擇的名詞是一種運動競技項目。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，四個選項中只有C. exercise 表示"練習，鍛煉"，是一種競技運動。 因此，正確答案是B. exercise 練習。24.【解析】D 邏輯關(guān)系題。they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially selfconscious and 從句"they are adjusting to their new bodie

21、s and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, 青少年正在適應(yīng)新的身體狀況、心智和情感方面的諸多挑戰(zhàn)"主句"teenagers are especially selfconscious 他們的自我意識強"。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩個句子是因果關(guān)系。因此，正確答案為D. because。 句子"Becauce they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional

22、challenges, teenagers are especially selfconscious and ""因為青少年正在適應(yīng)新的身體狀況、心智和情感方面的諸多挑戰(zhàn),所以他們的自我意識強并且。"25.【解析】C 語義銜接題。本題目選擇名詞，后面的定語從句提供信息選擇答案。順著上一題的線索：句子敘述到Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especial

23、ly selfconscious and need thethat comes from achieving success and knowing。并列連詞and確定供選的詞匯與selfconscious并列，表示一種性格特征;定語從句that comes from achieving success "取得成功所需要的"，限定該詞匯的性質(zhì)。他們所需要的是來自于取得成功被別人"欽佩"的"信心"。因此，正確答案為C。26.【解析】B 語義銜接題。本題目選擇動詞的過去分詞形式，在句子中構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，充當謂語動詞。句子敘述到Because

24、 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially selfconscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments areby others."因為他們正在調(diào)整自己以適應(yīng)身體的變化和許多新的智力上和情感上的挑戰(zhàn)，所以他們自我意識

25、很強并且需要信心，這種信心來自于他們所取得的成功以及他們的成就被別人。"句子中的主語提供信息決定答案。順著上一題的線索，此處關(guān)鍵在于accomplishments和什么動詞搭配。從上文已經(jīng)推定此處動詞的意思應(yīng)為"欽佩，崇拜"，所以選B.admired.27.【解析】D 語義銜接題。本題目選擇形容詞，在句子中充當表語。句子敘述到However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would beto plan activities in w

26、hich there are more winners than losers"然而，典型的青年人的生活方式已經(jīng)充滿了如此眾多的競爭，那么組織一些贏者多于輸家的活動是之舉"。句子中 "it"是形式主語，不定式短語 "to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers"是真正的主語，主語提供信息決定答案。A.improper"不合適的"和B.risky"冒險的"是否定的意義， 與整個句意不符;C.fair"公平的&

27、quot;， 這里討論的是行為的性質(zhì)， 與公平與否無關(guān)。 所以選D.wise。28.【解析】C 邏輯關(guān)系題。本題目選擇邏輯關(guān)系詞，體現(xiàn)前后的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,publishing newsletters with many studentwritten book

28、reviews, .空格后面列舉了幾個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該邏輯關(guān)系為舉例列舉。選項前后是例證關(guān)系，后面列舉的行為均屬于用來具體說明前面的activities, 形成照應(yīng)關(guān)系。選項A. in effect 事實上;B. as a result 結(jié)果是;C. for example 例如;D. in a sense 從某種意義上說。因此，正確答案為C. for example 例如。"然而，典型的青少年生活方式已經(jīng)充滿了如此眾多的競爭，以至于組織一些勝者多敗者少的活動是明智的，例如出版學生書寫的讀書筆記"。29.【解析】A 邏輯關(guān)系/ 語義銜接題。本題目選擇動詞的動名詞形式，在

29、句子中充當謂語動詞。句子敘述到 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many studentwritten book reviews,student artwork, and sponsoring book discu

30、ssion clubs. 解題時需看清句中平列的邏輯關(guān)系，"出版包括許多學生所作的書評的簡報，(展示)學生創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)品， 舉辦讀書座談俱樂部等"。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項A. displaying 展示，展出，"展出學生的藝術(shù)作品"，符合語句含義，同時與"出版學生書寫的讀書筆記"構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。因此，正確答案為A。30.【解析】D 詞匯辨析題。該題目選擇形容詞，在句子中充當定語。句子敘述到A variety of small clubs can provideopportunities for leadership, "各種各樣的小型俱

31、樂部能夠提供的機會鍛煉孩子們的領(lǐng)導力"。選擇形容詞，被修飾的名詞提供信息。選項A. durable 耐用的;持久的;與opportunities不搭配;B. excessive 過度的;C. surplus 過剩的;都有"過分"之義， 含有否定的意思， 與文意不符。正確選項D.multiple"多樣的"與句子主語中的variety相照應(yīng)。31.【解析】A 邏輯關(guān)系/ 語義銜接題。與上文相連， opportunities后面兩個for說明提供的是什么樣的機會;由as well as連接的介詞短語與前一個for引導介詞短語是并列關(guān)系， 譯為&quo

32、t;不僅提供機會而且提供機會"，前者leadership是個體能力，后者則是指在成功的集體活動中得到鍛煉的機會，所以選A。32.【解析】D 語義銜接題。本題存在一個意思上的相應(yīng)關(guān)系， 即the of organization與the support of adult對應(yīng)，可以判斷D正確。 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中充當賓語。句子敘述到Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need theof some kind of organization "交朋友對于年輕人極其重

33、要，并且許多靦腆的學生需要的某種組織給予的，而且需要有一個成年人在幕后給予支持"。選項A. consent 內(nèi)容， 含量;滿意， 滿足B. insurance 保險，安全保障;C. admission 承認，允許進入;D. security 安全，安全感。33.【解析】B 語義銜接題。with引導一個介詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語， 修飾organization， 其中"支持他們的成人""只能"在背后出現(xiàn)， 這與B.barely"僅僅，剛好"的意思一致。 Making friends is extremely important to

34、teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adultvisible in the background. "靦腆的學生需要加入某種團體以獲得安全感，在幕后有成年人的支持"。rarely"罕見地"一般表否定，不合語義;barely 是肯定的意義，相當于常見的only。34.【解析】D 語義銜接題。第二段講的是如何組織活動，使學生保持持久的興趣和注意。之所以如此， 是因為青少年的注意周期(attention

35、 spans)不夠長，這一點也可憑借常識判斷。 同時，下文中"participants can remain active as long as they want. 參與者能盡可能長的保持活躍的心態(tài)"的信息也證明了青少年的有意注意時限很短。因此，正確答案為D。35.【解析】C 邏輯銜接題。做35題時要聯(lián)系36，37題分析。全句要表達的意思是"應(yīng)該組織各種各樣的活動， 讓參與者按照自己的意愿盡可能長久的保持活躍狀態(tài)， 然后還可以過渡到別的活動上去，既不會讓他們感到內(nèi)疚，又不會讓別的參與者失望。在第35題前后的兩個句子中，第二句說明的是第一句的活動組織所要達到的目的

36、，所以選C。A. if only"只要，但愿"，引起虛擬條件狀語從句，且從句經(jīng)常獨立出現(xiàn)，表示說話人的意愿;B. now that "既然"， 引起原因狀語從句;D. even if "即使"， 引起讓步狀語從句。36.【解析】D 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇不定代詞。句子敘述到A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on toelse without

37、 feeling guilty and "應(yīng)當組織各種各樣的活動以至于參與者能保持活躍的心態(tài)。隨后參加別的活動而不感到內(nèi)疚"。由于沒有任何活動的范圍，因此只能是不定的另一項活動。選項B. anything" 任何一件事"最具迷惑性，它表示在某個范圍內(nèi)的任何一件事。由于句子中沒有指出活動范圍，因此，正確答案為D。37.【解析】B 固定搭配題。本題目選擇與let構(gòu)成的搭配，在句子中與前面的短語without feeling guilty "沒有感到內(nèi)疚"并列。句子敘述到A variety of activities should be o

38、rganized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants. "應(yīng)當組織各種各樣的活動以至于參與者能保持活躍的心態(tài)。隨后參加別的某一個活動而不感到內(nèi)疚，并且不會讓參與者"。選項A. letoff 準許暫停;放開;下車;發(fā)射B. letdown 讓掃興，失望;C. letout 泄露;D. letalone 放任，不干涉38.【解析】A 邏輯銜接題。本題選擇體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的短語，體現(xiàn)前后兩個句子的邏輯關(guān)系。句子敘述到This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.they can help students acquire a sense of commitment "這并不意味著成年人就沒有責任，他們可以幫助學生獲得一種責任感" 兩句