ed形容詞和ing形容詞辨析和練習(xí)

1、-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的用法區(qū)別一、傳統(tǒng)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)許多參考書(shū)認(rèn)為：-ing形容詞與表示事物的名詞連用，-ed形容詞與表示人的名詞連用。此說(shuō)法在很多情況下是可行的，但表述欠準(zhǔn)確，在許多情況下卻是不可靠的。如：-ing形容詞用于人的情況就比比皆是：假若你的老師說(shuō)話(huà)幽默、講課生動(dòng)，那么不僅他的課非常interesting，而且你會(huì)說(shuō)他是一個(gè)interestingman命趣的人）。比較:Iminterestedininterestingpeople.我對(duì)有趣的人感興趣。憂(yōu)。Hewasworriedabouthisworryingson.他為他令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的兒子感到擔(dān)Hewasannoyedwiththe

2、annoyingperson.另一方面,-ed形容詞用于指物的情況也不少見(jiàn)。比較并體會(huì):他對(duì)這個(gè)討厭的人很生氣。afrightenedlook害怕的表情（指帶有這種“表情”的人感到害怕）afrighteninglookanexcitedtalk嚇人的表情（指這種“表情”令人害怕）心情激動(dòng)的談話(huà)（指“談話(huà)”的人心情激動(dòng)）anexcitingtalk令人激動(dòng)的談話(huà)（指聽(tīng)“談話(huà)”的人心情激動(dòng)）由于傳統(tǒng)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)說(shuō)得太絕對(duì)，有時(shí)做起題來(lái)還可能會(huì)因此掉入命題人的陷阱，請(qǐng)看下面一題：doyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher?Ishe?A.What,interestingB.What,int

3、erestedC.How,interestingD.How,interested此題考查兩方面的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一是考查whatdoyouthinkof與howdoyoulike的用法區(qū)別（兩者搭配不同，但意思相同）；二是考查interesting與interested的用法區(qū)別。若套用以上關(guān)于-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別，則可能將答案鎖定為D。但是錯(cuò)了，此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是A。二、正確的觀(guān)點(diǎn)關(guān)于-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別，比較準(zhǔn)確的表述應(yīng)該是：以后綴-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞（如ashamed,delighted,excited,frightened,interested,moved,pleas

4、ed,surprised,worried等）通常用于說(shuō)明人，不用于說(shuō)明事物，即使它們所修飾的名詞是事物，那它們指的也是與該事物相關(guān)的人。如：Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.他臉上露出了滿(mǎn)意的微笑。Hetoldmethenewsinaveryexcitedvoice.他聲音很激動(dòng)地告訴了我這個(gè)消息。第一句中的apleasedsmile意為“滿(mǎn)意的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到滿(mǎn)意發(fā)出的微笑;第二句中的averyexcitedvoice指的是“很激動(dòng)的聲音”,即指的是某人因很激動(dòng)而發(fā)生那樣的聲音。原則上，-ed形容詞通常直接用于說(shuō)明人，若修飾事物，則多為air（神態(tài)）,appe

5、arance（夕卜貌）,cry（哭聲）,face（表情）,voice（聲音）,mood（情緒）TimesNewRoman”。），mood（等顯示某人的情感狀況的名詞。以后綴-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞（如delighting,exciting,frightening,等）主要用于說(shuō)明事物，表示事interesting,moving,surprising,worrying物的性質(zhì)或特征，若用它們說(shuō)明人,則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。如:Thestoryisveryinteresting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。Themanisveryinteresting.這個(gè)人很有趣。請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^并體會(huì)以下句子:Heisfrigh

6、tened.他很害怕Heisfrightening.他很?chē)樔?。Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他臉上帶有驚恐的神情。Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他臉上帶有嚇人的神情。Ireadaninterestedexpressiononhisface.我看到他臉上露出一種感興:趣的表情我看到他臉上露出一種Ireadaninterestingexpressiononhisface.有趣的表情。三、學(xué)練結(jié)合請(qǐng)做做以下試題，看你是否能克服原來(lái)的思維定勢(shì)，能否跳出命題人的陷阱：Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechi

7、ldrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents.A. worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worryThelittleboyisntgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson,shefeelsveryA.disappointing;worryingB.disappointing;worriedC.disappointed;worriedD.disappointed;worrying1. AftertheAnti-terroristWar,

8、theAmericansoldiersreturnedhome,A.safebuttiredB.safelybuttiredC.safeandtiringD.safelyandtiring2. Asweallknow,typingisajobtoaheart.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiringPoorboy!Hislooksandhandssuggestedhewasveryafraid.A.frightful;tremblingB.frightened;tremblingC.frightening;trembled

9、D.frightened;trembly答案與解析：選A。句中的thatpunishthelaw是定語(yǔ)從句。句意是：因?yàn)樗麄冃『⒌倪`法行為而懲罰其父母，這樣的法律使得做父母的感到憂(yōu)慮。憂(yōu)慮的”用由過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)的形容詞。表小人“感到選B。句意是：由于她的兒子令人失望，她感到非常煩惱。表示“令人的”用-ing形容詞；表示“感到的”用-ed形容詞。選A。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)(。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)(當(dāng)形容詞用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示意義上的增補(bǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系)，另一方面考查形容詞tiring與tired的用法區(qū)別，此處填tired表示“人感到疲憊的”，即選A。1. 選G第一空填

10、tiring,表示“使人勞累的”；第二空填tired,表示“感到勞累的”。選B。第一空填frightened,其意為“感到害怕的”；第二空填trembling表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。也就是說(shuō)，frightened說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)因而產(chǎn)生的情緒反應(yīng)，從而影響到人的身體部位trembling。ed形式及常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)與ing形式形容詞歸納excited(bedabout)/excitingsurprised(bedat)/surprisingamazed(bedat)/amazingembarrassed(beedin)/embarrassingencouraged(beedat/by)/encouragingfrus

11、trated(bedof)/frustratinginterested(beedin)/interestingthrilled(beedat)/thrillingterrified(beterrifiedat/of/with)/terrifyingpleased(bedwith)/pleasing,=pleasantsatisfied(besatisfiedwith)/satisfyingfrightened(beedat/of)/frighteningtired(bedof)/tiringbored(bedwith)/boringrelaxed(無(wú)固定搭再己)/relaxingfascina

12、ted(bedby)/fascinatingannoyed(beedwith)/annoyingmoved(bedby)/movingworried(beworriedabout)/worryingconfused(beconfusedabout)/confusing練習(xí)：一用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的-ed形式或-ing形式填空1. Thechildrenwereafterthetrip.(tire)2. Thetripwas.(tire)3. Thechildrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)4. Thetriplastedawholeday.(tire)5.

13、Thetripmadethechildren.(tire)6. Thebadweathermadethetrip.(tire)7. Tomsparentsareathisresultsoftheexams.(disappoint)8. andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)9. Itisthathedidntpasstheexamination.(disappoint)WhenhearingthenewsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theyweretolookateachother.(surprise)10. Hew

14、asabouthisson.(worry)11. Imnotwithhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)12. Hewaswiththeperson.(annoy)Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhadalookonhisface.(frighten)13. Thesituationhereisandweare.(encourage)答案：tired2.tiring3.tired4.tiring5.tired6.tiring7.disappointed,disappointing)8.Disappointed

15、9.disappointingsurprising;surprised11.worried;worrying12.satisfied13.annoyed;annoying14.frightened15.encouraging;encouraged二鞏固練習(xí)：1. Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfronttoarrive.（2008?全國(guó)卷I）A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected2. DoyouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?（2008?上

16、海高考）Terry?Never!Hetentsandfreshair!A.hashatedB.hatedC.willhateD.hatesBythetimeherealizesheintoatrap,itllbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.（2008?山東高考）A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalkedSofarthisyearweafallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.（2008?福建高考）A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen3. Someofthepeopl

17、ewhotothepartycantcomenow.（2008?煙臺(tái)模擬）A.hadbeeninvitedB.havebeeninvitedC.areinvitedD.invitedLawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents.A.worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worryThelittleboyisntgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson,shefeelsveryA.disappointing;worryingC.disappointed;worrieddisappointing;worriedD.disappointed;worrying8.AftertheAnti-terroristWar,theAmericansoldiersreturnedhome,A.safebuttiredB.safelybuttiredC.safeandtiringD.safelyandtiring9. Asweallknow,typingisajobtoaheart.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;t