系表結(jié)構(gòu)精講精練

1、主系表結(jié)構(gòu)精講精練主系表結(jié)構(gòu)就是英語句子中的主要成分是主語、系動(dòng)詞和表語。 系動(dòng)詞本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨(dú)立作謂語，必須和句子中的表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。簡單地說，將主語和表語聯(lián)系在一起，并構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整句子的動(dòng)詞就叫做系動(dòng)詞。主要用以說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份等。一連系動(dòng)詞：A、根據(jù)動(dòng)作可分為三類：be 動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞，趨勢(shì)動(dòng)詞。1) Be 動(dòng)詞：am, is, are, was, were2) 感官動(dòng)詞：sound, look, taste, feel, smell3) 趨勢(shì)動(dòng)詞：appear, become, grow, get, turn, seem, remainB、根據(jù)狀

2、態(tài)系動(dòng)詞可分為: 1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; 二表語：下列成分都可以做表語：名詞， 形容詞，副詞， 動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，表語從句1) 名詞: I am a student.2) 形容詞： He became strong.3) 副詞： She remained there.

3、4) 現(xiàn)在分詞：The story seemed interesting.5) 過去分詞：The windows seemed broken.6) 動(dòng)名詞： His job is teaching English.7) 動(dòng)詞不定式：Her plan is to become the winner in the game.三、分類講解(1) 狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：只有be一詞。如：She is always like that. 她總是那樣。I am used to going about alone. 我習(xí)慣于獨(dú)來獨(dú)往。These shoes are too tight for me. 這雙鞋我穿太小。

4、注：動(dòng)詞be，若是用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或者被動(dòng)語態(tài)，則不是系動(dòng)詞，而是助動(dòng)詞。I am playing basketball.He is hit by one brick.(2) 持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞：表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你身體好。He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。The door remained closed. 門仍然關(guān)著。We can remain friends. 我們可以繼續(xù)做朋友。Please st

5、ay seated. 請(qǐng)繼續(xù)坐著。He stayed single. 他仍然是單身。(3) 表像系動(dòng)詞：表示“看起來好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：He looks tired. 他看起來很累。He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。The doctor seemed very capable. 那醫(yī)生似乎很能干。He appeared quite well. 他顯得身體相當(dāng)好。He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃驚。She appeared perplexed. 她顯得迷惑不解。(4) 感官系動(dòng)詞：表示“起來

6、”，有feel(摸起來，感覺) , smell(聞起來) , sound(聽起來) , taste(嘗起來，吃起來) 等。如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布摸起來很軟。He looks honest, but actually hes a rogue. 他看起來很老實(shí)，實(shí)際他是一個(gè)壞蛋。They all look alike to me. 他們的模樣我看起來都一樣。Everybody feels contented. 每個(gè)人都感到很滿足。Ice feels cold. 冰感覺起來是涼的。 Silk feels soft and smooth. 絲

7、綢摸起來很柔軟平滑。It sounds a good idea. 這聽起來是個(gè)好主意。This food tastes good. 這菜好吃。(5) 變化系動(dòng)詞：表示主語變成什么樣，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越來越瘦了。His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越來越嚴(yán)重了。Shes growing fat. 她正在發(fā)胖。Hes grown used to it

8、. 他對(duì)此已經(jīng)習(xí)慣。When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到這，臉紅了。His hair turned grey in a few weeks. 在幾個(gè)星期中他頭發(fā)就變灰白了The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就會(huì)變酸。Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning. 幾個(gè)人生病了，都是血中毒的受害者。We get wiser as we get old. 隨著年歲的增長，我們也變得聰明些了。Your hair has gone quite white! 你的頭發(fā)全白了!

9、She went pale at the news. 聽到這消息，她臉色變得蒼白。When I mentioned it to him he went red. 我對(duì)他提及此事時(shí)他臉紅了。He went mad. 他瘋了。The children must not go hungry. 孩子們不能挨餓。(6) 終止系動(dòng)詞：主要有prove, turn out(結(jié)果是，證明是) 等。如：His story proved false. 他講的情況原來是假的。His advice proved sound. 他的勸告證明是對(duì)的。My intuition turned out to be correc

10、t. 我的直覺證明是對(duì)的。四、主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式和一般疑問句形式的構(gòu)成情況 （一）否定形式： 1. 主語 be （ is ， am ， are ） not 表語。 2. 主語助動(dòng)詞（ do/ does ） not feel/ smell/ look 表語。例如： She is a good girl. She is not a good girl. You look happy. You dont look happy. It smells bad. It doesnt smell bad. （二）一般疑問句形式：

11、0;1. Be （ Is / Am/ Are ）主語表語？ 2. 助動(dòng)詞（ Do/ Does ）主語動(dòng)詞原形表語？例如： This girl is in Row One. Is this girl in Row One？ She feels terrible. Does she feel terrible？ We look excited. Do you look excited？ 五、主系表精練（）1. What is Mr Wang like?_.A. He is a teacher B. He is old and kindC. He l

12、ooks like a balloon D. He likes English（）2. What Mr White said sounds_.A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely（）3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three.A. turned B. goes C. became D. went（）4. When he was a child he_ .A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild（放蕩不羈） D. came true（）5. His

13、 voice_ as if he has a cold.A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems（）6. This shirt_ as if it is made of cotton.A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems（）7. He looks _ he hadnt had a good meal for a monthA. that B. as if C. when D. so far（）8. It _that he was late for the train.A. looks B. turns C. gets D. see

14、ms（）9. These apples taste_.A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good（）10. Do you like the shirt?Yes, it _ very soft.A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt（）11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he_ asleepA. kept B. got C. fell D. fall（）12. When I went home yesterday, it was _ dark.A. going B. ge

15、tting C. running D. coming（）13. Their plan _ to be a perfect one.A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving（）14. The flowers in the garden _ sweet.A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell（）15. She_ like her mother in character.A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels（）16. He _ much younger than he really is.A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns（）17. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick?A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked（）18. His w