高三任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧復(fù)習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載高三任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧復(fù)習(xí)任務(wù)型閱讀要求考生根據(jù)閱讀文章提供的信息用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語完成與短文相關(guān)的圖表，并有一定字?jǐn)?shù)的 限制。主要考察學(xué)生獲取信息的能力（對(duì)應(yīng)信息查找題）、組織信息的能力（對(duì)應(yīng)信息轉(zhuǎn)換題）和概括表達(dá)信息能力（對(duì)應(yīng)信息歸納題）。I.任務(wù)型閱讀點(diǎn)評(píng)任務(wù)型閱讀中的題型主要包括原詞重現(xiàn)，固定搭配，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，提煉概括四大類，四種題型難度指數(shù) 依次上升。n .解題技巧及高考原題分析一、解題步驟：一般根據(jù)題目特點(diǎn)，可分為以下三步：1）略讀一快速瀏覽抓住文章中心大意以及文章的結(jié)構(gòu)（借助所給圖表結(jié)構(gòu)）。2）細(xì)讀一帶著問題，找到文章對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，確認(rèn)題型，分析整理歸納信息并且準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)信息。3

2、）復(fù)讀一復(fù)讀文章，反復(fù)揣摩所填之詞是否符合文章內(nèi)容，其拼寫是否正確。 二、解題技巧：1 .信息查找題：解題關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息。常用方法是帶著問題有意識(shí)地在關(guān)鍵處做標(biāo)記。如：（1 ） 5W and 1H : who, what ,when, where ,why ,how （ 2）時(shí)間先后:first , then , after ,that , next,finally （3） 因果：because , thus , lead to, cause, as a result （4） 比較:similarly, differently （5） 轉(zhuǎn)折：but, while, however,

3、 instead, on the contrary2 .信息轉(zhuǎn)換題解題關(guān)鍵：是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，加工分析并轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種表達(dá)方式。（1 ）詞形/性轉(zhuǎn)換，即練習(xí)將一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種詞類，主要包括動(dòng)詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與副詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換。解題方法很簡(jiǎn)單，只要在文中找到關(guān)鍵詞即可。例如： .原文：be responsible for your own learning. （2008 江蘇高考題）轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Take （76） for one ' s own learning. .Positive , negative , and neutral messages that y

4、ou receive from others all play a role indetermining who you are . （2009 江蘇高考題）轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Messages from others help you（73） who you are . .communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what theother person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. （2009 江蘇高

5、考題）轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Needs and（74） of others should be considered . . With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.（ 09 安徽）轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中： There is a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be （77）. .Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a bo

6、ok and on-line.（2009 安徽高考題）學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：The information is updated in a (78)manner. .You can also learn how to apply for jobs.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Its vast resources include ways of job (79).(2009 安徽高考題) .It's worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can.(2009 安徽高考題)轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：The time you s

7、pend and the efforts you make will be (85).(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：做此類題首先要理解題意，其次仔細(xì)比較原句和題目，明白出題人的意圖，只要找 出題眼就不難得出答案。以 2009年江蘇高考題為例： .原文： But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：we are always(71) in communication with others . .原文： we are constantly providing behaviors that

8、have communicative value for them.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：We are constantly(78) meanings by what we do . . 原文： Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Yon may redo the conversation , but you(80) achieve the same results .3.信息歸納題：解題關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，找共性的東西。歸納詞的特征有：概括性，在最

9、大程 度上覆蓋欄內(nèi)信息；針對(duì)性，量體裁衣，大小適度；醒目性，簡(jiǎn)潔。常見概括性詞有： 原因：reason, cause ;結(jié)果：result, effect ;目的：aim, purpose ;方法：measure, solution, way, method ;觀,點(diǎn)： opinion, view, attitude ;異同： differences, similarities ;優(yōu)劣： advantages, disadvantages ; 其它：time, purpose, behavior, feeling 。m.任務(wù)型閱讀特點(diǎn)(1)特點(diǎn)1:容易題比例顯著上升；要才H 1 :兩大規(guī)律快速

10、解題：原詞重現(xiàn)題是送分題，考生們務(wù)必抓牢。易題：中等題：難題 =5:3:2這一 黃金比例的固若金湯。強(qiáng)調(diào) 2點(diǎn)做題規(guī)律：規(guī)律1 :如果動(dòng)詞或介詞(或介詞短語)后面有一個(gè)空格，空格中缺名詞或者動(dòng)詞，那么只需在文章中找 到該動(dòng)詞或介詞(或介詞短語)后面的名詞或者動(dòng)詞，就是答案。規(guī)律2:如果名詞前面有一個(gè)空格，空格中缺動(dòng)詞或形容詞，那么只需在文章中找到該名詞前面的動(dòng)詞 或形容詞，就是答案。(我們來現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證一下)規(guī)律1 :第76,79,80 題第 76 題:Little magnets were tied to the pigeons ' heads to (76) their magneti

11、c sense.這里to很顯然是不定式，后面應(yīng)該加動(dòng)詞原形，符合第一點(diǎn)規(guī)律，根據(jù)定位詞 pigeons' heads在第7段 的第行找至U了 “Oneinteresting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds ' heads to block their magnetic sensejust as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner.這句話。第 79 題:Little rod-like bacteria were found by c

12、hance to swim together in the direction of (79) .同樣也符合第一條規(guī)律,in the direction of后面缺名詞，根據(jù)定位詞rod-like bacteria , swimtogether in the direction of找到了第 10 段倒數(shù)第一行：He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載that all swam together in one direction-north.第 80 題:Some animals had a chain of dense ma

13、gnetic particles in or close to the (80) insideIntheir bodies.同樣符合第一條規(guī)律，介詞to后面填名詞，根據(jù)定位詞the magnetic stuff 我們找到了 “ each animal , except for the bee. the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.規(guī)律 2 :第 77 題:The pigeons' magnetic sense seemed to be affected on (77) days. Days 前面顯然缺形容詞，即

14、什么樣的天氣。根據(jù)定位詞days和affected這個(gè)否定動(dòng)詞，再根據(jù) But這一否定轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，我找至U了第 7 段倒數(shù)第二行 But on cloudy days , the pigeons with magnets could not find their way. (2)特點(diǎn)2：中等題比例維持穩(wěn)定要才S 2:準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)答案詞性至關(guān)重要 ：詞性轉(zhuǎn)化題在任務(wù)型閱讀中屬于中等題， 要求學(xué)生具有非常扎實(shí) 的語法基本功，高考任務(wù)型閱讀中常見的詞性轉(zhuǎn)化方式有1.名詞和動(dòng)詞之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 2.名詞動(dòng)詞和形容詞之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 3.動(dòng)詞及其分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，如：第 71,73題。第

15、71 題：Our earth is a big magnet and a little freely (71) A magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south.And 連接的是兩個(gè)句子，后面這個(gè)句子a little freely (71) magnetic needle lines itself with theearth magnet to point north and south.已經(jīng)有謂語動(dòng)詞 lines itself with 。 于是 a little freely (71)

16、 magnetic needle 是作為主語，a little freely (71) magnetic 是作為 needles 的修飾成分。Freely是副詞，可以修飾副詞或者是形容詞，于是我們預(yù)測(cè)答案可能是副詞或者形容詞，但是我們根據(jù)定位詞 lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south.找回原文第三段第二句話： So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and

17、 south.第 73 題"One piece of evidence is the (73) of many birds between their summer homes andwinter homes. The后面加名詞或者是形容詞，但是后面有of結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候只能是名詞，但是這一名詞究竟可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，還得看它是具體名詞還是抽象名詞，如果為后者，那么應(yīng)判為不可數(shù)，于是用原形。73題根據(jù)定位詞 between their summer homes and winter homes.可定位至 Many birds migrate twice ayear between their

18、summer homes and winter homes. migrate(3)特點(diǎn)3:難題比例下要才H 3:語感以及句子/段落意群的概括能力需不斷夯實(shí)：固定搭配和提煉概括這兩類題一般屬于難題，高考畢竟是選拔性的考試，這兩種題型的設(shè)置則容易使我們區(qū)分不同層次的考生， 今年的固定搭配考得比較偏，要求考生有無比強(qiáng)的語言敏感度，俗稱語感。第 72 題:(72) on the idea above, the navigating compass was invented.止匕題填 based on 需要考生充分理解 When people discovered that idea about a t

19、housand years ago and invented the compass , it allowed sailors to navigate ( 航海)on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies.第 78 題:The (78) of the magnetic stuff for the animal compassLittle rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79)Some animals had a chain of de

20、nse magnetic particles in or close to the (80)inside their bodies.此題需要學(xué)生結(jié)合第 79和80題所對(duì)應(yīng)的兩個(gè)句子，即句子組合形成的意群，以及在此基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)定位學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載詞rod-like bacteria 還有a chain of dense magnetic particles這兩個(gè)短語對(duì)應(yīng)到文章的倒數(shù)第3,4段,粗讀這兩段我們會(huì)明白它是在講一個(gè)最新的發(fā)現(xiàn)；而 found ,showed, find這一系列詞匯的出現(xiàn)進(jìn)一步證 實(shí)了我們課上經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)的一點(diǎn)：反復(fù)重現(xiàn)或同義替換是標(biāo)題（此題屬于段落標(biāo)題）。高考任務(wù)型閱讀精練1

21、.sb. run out of sthsb. lack sth./ sth. run out/ sth. isused up2. use A as an alternative to Breplace A with B3.no matter whatwhatever4. all over the worldinternational/worldwide/global/universal5. stem/appearcome into being/come into existence6.as well as/in addition to/apart frombesides; what s mor

22、e7.break sth apartsplit sth; destroy/damage sth.8.in the countryside/cityrural/urban areas9. come outbe published10. The film is about Shanghai.The film is set in Shanghai.11.learn a lot aboutlearn a great deal about12.put the books awayremove the books13.as soon asimmediately/directly/instantly14.

23、low levels of sthbe not rich in sth.15. ways to cope with sthsolutions to coping with/how to cope with16.spread in the same wayno difference in spreading17. yearly/ every yearannual18. don ' t do sthavoid doing sth19. make sb. have the ability to do sth.enable sb to do sth20. a growing numberAn

24、increasing number21.more people choose to do sth.tend to do sth22. work out a planmake a plan23. like sth betterprefer sth24.The objective of science is thediscovery ofScience is aimed at discovering25. protect sth from sicknessavoid or prevent sickness學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載26. make use of sthtake the advantage o

25、f 27. know the importance ofBe aware of the importance of .28. don ' t feel motivated to do sthfeel unwilling to do sth.29. Though/Although sth happenedin .spite of sth./ despite the fact that30. believe intrust31. do A rather than Bdo A instead of B32. sb. be president of a company.A company is

26、 in the charge of sb.33. become happycheer up34.last only a short timedisappear35. fail to resist the severe winterlose one ' s life/e36.abandongive up37. go abroadgo to a foreign country38. be absent frombe not present at39. absorbtake in40.abstractnot specific41.abundantbe rich in42.accelerate

27、speed up/quicken43.have access to sthhave the chance of doing sth44.accessiblebe easy to enter/get to45.by accidentoccasionally/accidently46.accomplish/completeget through47.on account ofbecause of /due to/owing to48.account formake up/occupy49.bring sb to courtcharge sb with sth; accuse sb of sth50

28、.be accustomed to sthbe used to sth.51.activenot passive52.admireLook up to53.adolescentteenagers54.adultgrown-up55.advancemove forward56.have the advantages overHave the edge over/be better than/be prior to57.advise sb to do sthtry to persuade sb to do sth58. affecthave an effect on59.affordbe able

29、 to pay money for sth/be able to buy60.be afraid of sthfear sth61.afterwardsafter that/later on62.againOnce more63.be againstoppose/object to/disagree to sth/disapprove of64.allocate sth to sbdivide sth among sb.65.all rightdo（行，可以）66.aloneby oneself67.althoughdespite the fact that/in spite of68.get

30、 angrylose one's temper69.announce sthmake sth known to the public70.annoy sb.Make sb. angry71.annualevery year72.in response to sthreply to sth73.be anxious aboutworry about/be concerned about74.anyhowin any way75.anything butnever76.nothing butonly77.apologizesay sorry to /make an apology to78

31、.appeal to sbinterest sb79.appearcome into being/existence80.approaches to sth.Ways to do sth./ways of doing sth.81.on one's arrivalas soon as sb arrived82.artificialman-made83.make an attempthave a try84.availablebe easily got86.be aware of sthrealize/know; be conscious of87.bear a babygive bir

32、th to a baby88.behindat the back of89.believe intrust90.besidesIn addition/what s more/moreover91.block the traffichold up the traffic92.bother/disturbCause trouble to93.bravehave courage to do94.boycottrefuse to accept sth95.breathlessout of breath96.burdenbe loaded with97.calculatefigure out98.cal

33、mnot excited99.cancelcall off100.be capable ofbe able to101.care aboutpay attention to sth.102.cater to one's needmeet /satisfy the need103.cautioustake care104.hold a celebrationcelebrate105 .century .fortnight.one hundred years;.two weeks106. chaserun after107.cheer sb. upmake sb. happy108.cla

34、rifymake sth clear109.classifydivide sth into categories110.collapse/ declinefall downbinemix sth upfortableat easemit suicideKill oneselfpensatemake up for115.take part in sports meetingcompete in the sports meetingpleteget throughplicatednot simple118.concentrate onfocus on119.be concerned aboutwo

35、rry about120.concludedraw a conclusion121.in good conditionin a good state/in a good situation122.conduct a surveycarry out a survey123.be conscious ofbe aware of124.take sth into considerationtake sth into account125.be consistent withagree with/correspond to sth126.consult a doctorgo to see a doct

36、or127.be content withbe satisfied with128.contradict sth.be opposite to sth.129.contribute to sthlead to /result in130. sb. be convinced of sthsb. believe sth131. cost sb sthcause sb. to lose sth132.count/matterbe important133.count ondepend on/ rely on134.a couple of daysseveral days135.bring sb. T

37、o courtcharge sb. With sth./accuse sb. Of sth.136. cover the eventreport the event137. be crazy about=be drunk withbe keen on =be addicted to sth138.be criticalbe particular about139.at the critical momenton the important occasion140.get crossget angry141.at the current timeat present142.in dangerat

38、 risk143.in the darkknow nothing about144.turn a deaf ear to sthrefuse to listen to sth145.deal with sthdo sth with sth; handle/cope with146.decadeten years147.make up one's mind to do sthdecide to do sth/determine to do sth148.make a decisiondecide149.declinefall down150.defeatwin over151.delay

39、put off152.deletecut out153.deliberatelyon purpose154.describegive a description of155.despitein spite of156.deserve sthbe worthy of sth157.differ frombe different from158.make no differenceremain the same159.discourage sb from doing sthprevent sb from doing sth160.on displayon show/ on exhibition16

40、1.distinguish A from Btell from B; identify/tell sth. apart162.drop some subjectsgive up some subjects163.due toon account of/owing to/thanks to164.earn a livingmake a living165.have the edge overhave the advantage over166.dozen;scoretwelve; twenty167.make efforts forcontribute to sth/be devotedto s

41、th168.employtake on169.energeticfull of energy170.enjoy doingbe fond of/feel like doing/would like to do171.ensuremake sure172.entergo into173.envyfeel jealous of174.escaperun away175.establishset up176.eventuallyat last177.everso far/on earth178.everywherehere and there179.exercisework out180.in fa

42、ctactually/as a matter of fact181.have faith inbelieve in182.be familiar with sthknow sth well183.fashionableup-to-date184.favouritelike sth most/best185.fetchgo to bring back186.be full ofbe filled with187.make fun oflaugh at/tease188.gesturebody language189.look at sth angrilyglare at mi

43、semake a promise191.graspcatch/take hold of192.gravitythe pull of the earth193.guaranteemake sure194.feel guilty offeel ashamed of195.do harm/damage tobe harmful for196.harvestget in197.hatebe tired of198.go hungrystarve199.ignorepay no attention to/overlook200.illegalbe against the law201.improvemake sth. better202.incidentallyby chance/rm sb of sthlet sb know sth/keep sb. informed f sth204.for inst