高一必修2unit3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、 1 help helped helpedV原形原形 過(guò)去式過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 2 change changed changed 3 study studied studied 4 plan planned planned beg begged begged stop stopped stopped5 give gave given動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞規(guī)則過(guò)去分詞規(guī)則：1 +ed e+d y i+ed 重讀閉音節(jié)，重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)輔音字母寫(xiě)輔音字母+ed動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分不規(guī)則過(guò)去分不規(guī)則 復(fù)習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的

2、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞復(fù)習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞 help change study plan beg stop give 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (am/is/are + 過(guò)過(guò) 去分詞）去分詞） 如如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (was/were + 過(guò)過(guò)去分詞）去分詞） 如如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (will/shall + be +

3、過(guò)去分詞或過(guò)去分詞或 + be going to + be + 過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞） 如如: The work will be finished soon.4) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (is/am/are + being+ 過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞） 如如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (have/has +been + 過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞） 如如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

4、的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞) 如如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式 (to be + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞) 如如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的的被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)表達(dá)以下兩個(gè)表達(dá)以下兩個(gè)概念：概念：1. 說(shuō)話時(shí)說(shuō)話時(shí)已經(jīng)完成已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。的動(dòng)作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。2. 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是行為動(dòng)作的是行為動(dòng)作的承受者承受者，在使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要注意以下兩點(diǎn)：在使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

5、態(tài)時(shí)要注意以下兩點(diǎn)： 過(guò)去分詞前有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞前有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞 have / has 和和 been。2. 必須必須表示被動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。I have been told about it many timesThe bridge has just been built1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定句句型：句型： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ have / has been +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 Her motorbike has been stolen. 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)否定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)否定句句型：句型：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ have/has +not+ been+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 Th

6、e task has not been finished yet. Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company.The present perfect passive voice(肯定句、否肯定句、否定句定句: 3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句句型：句型： Have/Has +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + been+ 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 .?Has a new computer been bought ? Have they been sent abroad to study English?4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)現(xiàn)

7、在完成時(shí)被動(dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句句型：句型：疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+ have /has + 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ been+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 .?Where has the car been repaired?Who have been helped by the new computer? How many buildings have been built in this school? The present perfect passive voice(疑問(wèn)句）疑問(wèn)句）: u現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(present perfect tense) 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： S +have /has +

8、been + done (過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞)1 Over time I have been changed quite a lot .2 First as a PC and then as a laptop I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.3 I never forget anything I have been told !4 Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.5 I have also been put into robots

9、and used to make mobile phones6 I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.Discovering useful structures from the passage on p18:Exercise 1: Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作的承受者承受者謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞by workers2 My friend has bought

10、a new personal computer. A new personal computer has been bought by my friendsv3 The shop has repaired my computer very quickly. My computer has been repaired by the shop very quickly .Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voiceThe buildings, destroy, earthquake The buildings have be

11、en destroyed in the earthquake; Exercise 2: Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:machinereplacecomputer1The machine has been replaced by the computer .Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:many trees , plant,along the road3 Many trees have been planted along the

12、road1. 副詞的位置副詞的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副詞置于等副詞置于have/has和和been中間。中間。如如: 誤誤 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正正 Such a man has hardly been believed.2. 并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1) 如：如： 誤誤 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 正正 Great changes have take

13、n place in China since 1978.2) 如：如： 誤誤 The door has been opened of itself. 正正 The door has opened of itself.3. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞 或副詞。如：或副詞。如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊動(dòng)詞一些特殊動(dòng)詞, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等等 構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不

14、能與構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能與 表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá)表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá) 相應(yīng)的意思，相應(yīng)的意思， 則需改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。則需改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。 如：如： My brother has had(不能用不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?(3) 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓之后作賓 語(yǔ)語(yǔ), 將主格改為賓格。例如：將主格改為賓格。例如： A

15、ll the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 4) 主動(dòng)：主動(dòng)：I have given him the key.被動(dòng)：被動(dòng)：He has been given the key.被動(dòng)：被動(dòng)：The key has been given (to) him.5) 帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 只能只能 將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ),

16、原來(lái)的賓補(bǔ)保留不原來(lái)的賓補(bǔ)保留不 動(dòng)動(dòng), 改稱主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。改稱主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。主動(dòng)：主動(dòng)：I have asked her to help you.被動(dòng)：被動(dòng)：She has been asked to help you.Put the Chinese into English to complete the sentences.1. How many workers _ (已派遣已派遣) to build the railway? 2. Why does Mary look so unhappy? She _ (被嘲笑被嘲笑) by her classmates. have been senth

17、as been laughed atExercise :3. It is said that the house _ _ (闖進(jìn)了闖進(jìn)了) by two thieves. 4. The two pens _ (未被拿走未被拿走) by him. 5. Where _ the television _ (已經(jīng)修理了已經(jīng)修理了)? 6. The price of a color TV set _ _ (降價(jià)了降價(jià)了) again. 7. What _ (已被譯成已被譯成) into many foreign languages? have not been taken awayhasbeen re

18、pairedbroken intohas beenhas been brought downhas been translated1. A personal computer has bought by us. A personal computer has been bought by us.2. Many problems has been found with our new computer. Many problems have been found with our new computer.3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted. A

19、 PC has been built the way we wanted.4. Our computer just has been joined to the internet. Our computer has just been joined to the internet.5. The computer was used every day since we bought it. The computer has been used every day since we bought it.6. A lot of e-mails had written on the computer in the pas