高中英語必修六 unit2Grammar

1、2021/3/91Subjunctive Mood (2) Unit 2 GrammarUnit 2 Grammar2021/3/92在上一單元中我們學習了虛擬在上一單元中我們學習了虛擬語氣語氣(和現在、過去、將來事實和現在、過去、將來事實相反相反)的用法。在本單元中我們的用法。在本單元中我們將復習上一單元所學內容、引將復習上一單元所學內容、引申一些新知識并通過練習進一申一些新知識并通過練習進一步加深理解。步加深理解。2021/3/93ObjectiveTo learn more about the subjunctive mood and use it properly.2021/3/94語

2、法講解建議采用歸納法，如語法講解建議采用歸納法，如盡可能多的呈現一些相關例句，盡可能多的呈現一些相關例句，或可讓學生從已學課文中找相或可讓學生從已學課文中找相應例句，引導學生試著從所觀應例句，引導學生試著從所觀察到的語言現象中總結出語言察到的語言現象中總結出語言規(guī)則和語法規(guī)律。規(guī)則和語法規(guī)律。2021/3/95Lets look at this poem. Our first football matchWe would have won if Jack had scored that goal, if wed had just a few more minutes, if we had tr

3、ained harder,We would have won if wed been better!This poem contains sentences in the subjunctive mood. 2021/3/96虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 1）概念概念 虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說的是一個條件，愿望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。不一定是事實，或與事實相反。2021/3/972 2）在條件句中的應用）在條件句中的應用 條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真件句，一類為非真實

4、條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。2021/3/98在條件狀語從句和結果狀語從句中在條件狀語從句和結果狀語從句中, ,表示表示與事實相反的條件和結果。與事實相反的條件和結果。1) 與現在事實相反：與現在事實相反：If 主語主語 , 主語主語 +V原原 was/were/V-edshould (wouldcould, might)2021/3/992) 與過去事實相反：與過去事實相反：If 主語主語 , 主語主語 +have V-ed3) 與將來事實相反：與將來事實相反：If 主語主語 , 主語

5、主語 +V原原should (wouldcould, might)shouldwere toshould (wouldcould, might)had been /V-ed2021/3/910 假設條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句假設條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(mixed conditionals)。主句和從句。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing

6、still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2021/3/9111. We use mixed conditionals when the main clause and the if-clause are about different tenses. e.g. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you would know what we are doing now. If you had fo

7、llowed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.2021/3/9122. We use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clause in implied conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it.(If there were no air)(I

8、f it hadnt been for your help)2021/3/913I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)2021/3/9143. In adve

9、rbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.He treats his elder sister as though she were a stranger. 2021/3/915即使生了病，他也去辦公室。即使生了病，他也去辦公室。 Even if he were ill, he would go to his office. 她談論那部影片，就好像她確實看過一她談論那部影片，就好像她確實看過一樣。樣。She talked about the f

10、ilm as if she had really seen it. 2021/3/916虛擬語氣特殊句型：虛擬語氣特殊句型： wish/if only 現在：現在：過去：過去：未來：未來：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（現在）（現在）2) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（過去）（過去）3) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （將來）（將來）2021/3/917If only I knew his name!If only we had fol

11、lowed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。好了。 要是我沒錯過火車就好了！要是我沒錯過火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!2021/3/918 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一樣高。我希望和你一樣高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他沒講那樣的話。他希望他沒講那樣的話。 I w

12、ish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do 表達法。表達法。wish sb. / sth. to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.2021/3/9192. would rather that現在：現在：過去：過去：未來：未來：I would rather you

13、 paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done2021/3/9203. Its (about/high) time + that should dodid你該走了。你該走了。我們該去我們該去睡覺了。睡覺了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we wen

14、t to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 2021/3/9214. 表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。1) 賓語從句。常見動詞：賓語從句。常見動詞： 一個堅持，兩個一個堅持，兩個 命令，三個建議，四個要求。即：命令，三個建議，四個要求。即：1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose4. demand, require, request, desire這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用用法。即

15、從句中的動詞使用should + 動詞動詞原形，或者將原形，或者將should省略。省略。2021/3/922我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他堅決要求我到場。他堅決要求我到場。國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。他們要求我們派他們去那兒工作。他們要求我們派他們去那兒工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested

16、 that we (should) send them to work there.2021/3/923I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如果注意：如果suggest, insist不表示不表示建議建議 或或堅持要某人做某事堅持要某人做某事時，即它們用于時，即它們用于其本意其本意暗示、表明暗示、表明、堅持認為堅持認為時，時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。賓語從句用陳述語氣。2021/3/924 The guard at gate insist

17、ed that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be) seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas2021/3/925 以上動詞相應的名詞構成的名詞性從以上動詞相應的名詞構成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位句（

18、包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣，即：語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣，即： (should) + v-原形。原形。 名詞形式名詞形式: order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, desire request, requirement2021/3/926The suggestion is that the plan be carried out at once.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice tha

19、t the chemical factory should be closed down.2021/3/9275. Its necessary / strange / natural / important + that-Clause 從句中的動從句中的動 詞要用虛擬，即（詞要用虛擬，即（should）+ 動詞原形動詞原形It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should

20、 study hard.2021/3/9286. 某些簡單句的固定句型：某些簡單句的固定句型： Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China!2021/3/929虛擬語氣的用法。虛擬語氣的用法。Review2021/3/930Individual activity注注: 另附另附 word 文檔。文檔。點擊此處鏈接點擊此處鏈接2021/3/931 _ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced.

21、 A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they2. My suggestion is that she _ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her. A. takes B. must take C. take D. took Quiz I: Multiple choice. 2021/3/9323. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first. A. would g

22、o B. will go C. went D. have gone4. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve2021/3/9335. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C.

23、 would telephone D. had telephoned6. It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent2021/3/9347. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (2009天津天津) A

24、. would B. should C. could D. might2021/3/9358. But for their help, we _ the program in time. (2009安徽安徽) A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished9. But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009福建福建) A.

25、 would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 2021/3/93610. If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. (2010湖南湖南) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow11. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its cul

26、ture. (2010江蘇江蘇) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused2021/3/93712. If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010陜西陜西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken13. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010

27、天津天津) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told2021/3/93814. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _. (2010浙江浙江) A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved15. I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011陜西陜西) A.

28、couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone2021/3/93916. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they _ always late. (2011北京北京) A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been2021/3/94017. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I wou

29、ld be able to give you more help. (2011北京北京) A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying2021/3/94118. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. (2012陜西陜西) A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be19. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012湖南湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. had2021/3/94220. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. (2012山東山東) A. havent made B. wouldnt make C