高中英語(yǔ)必修六 unit2Grammar

1、2021/3/91Subjunctive Mood (2) Unit 2 GrammarUnit 2 Grammar2021/3/92在上一單元中我們學(xué)習(xí)了虛擬在上一單元中我們學(xué)習(xí)了虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣(和現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)事實(shí)和現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)事實(shí)相反相反)的用法。在本單元中我們的用法。在本單元中我們將復(fù)習(xí)上一單元所學(xué)內(nèi)容、引將復(fù)習(xí)上一單元所學(xué)內(nèi)容、引申一些新知識(shí)并通過(guò)練習(xí)進(jìn)一申一些新知識(shí)并通過(guò)練習(xí)進(jìn)一步加深理解。步加深理解。2021/3/93ObjectiveTo learn more about the subjunctive mood and use it properly.2021/3/94語(yǔ)

2、法講解建議采用歸納法，如語(yǔ)法講解建議采用歸納法，如盡可能多的呈現(xiàn)一些相關(guān)例句，盡可能多的呈現(xiàn)一些相關(guān)例句，或可讓學(xué)生從已學(xué)課文中找相或可讓學(xué)生從已學(xué)課文中找相應(yīng)例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生試著從所觀應(yīng)例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生試著從所觀察到的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象中總結(jié)出語(yǔ)言察到的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象中總結(jié)出語(yǔ)言規(guī)則和語(yǔ)法規(guī)律。規(guī)則和語(yǔ)法規(guī)律。2021/3/95Lets look at this poem. Our first football matchWe would have won if Jack had scored that goal, if wed had just a few more minutes, if we had tr

3、ained harder,We would have won if wed been better!This poem contains sentences in the subjunctive mood. 2021/3/96虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1）概念概念 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，愿望或假想，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。2021/3/972 2）在條件句中的應(yīng)用）在條件句中的應(yīng)用 條件句可分為兩類(lèi)，一類(lèi)為真實(shí)條條件句可分為兩類(lèi)，一類(lèi)為真實(shí)條件句，一類(lèi)為非真實(shí)條件句。非真件句，一類(lèi)為非真實(shí)

4、條件句。非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2021/3/98在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中, ,表示表示與事實(shí)相反的條件和結(jié)果。與事實(shí)相反的條件和結(jié)果。1) 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：If 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) , 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) +V原原 was/were/V-edshould (wouldcould, might)2021/3/992) 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：If 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) , 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) +have V-ed3) 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：If 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) , 主語(yǔ)

5、主語(yǔ) +V原原should (wouldcould, might)shouldwere toshould (wouldcould, might)had been /V-ed2021/3/910 假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣(mixed conditionals)。主句和從句。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing

6、still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2021/3/9111. We use mixed conditionals when the main clause and the if-clause are about different tenses. e.g. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you would know what we are doing now. If you had fo

7、llowed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.2021/3/9122. We use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clause in implied conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it.(If there were no air)(I

8、f it hadnt been for your help)2021/3/913I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)2021/3/9143. In adve

9、rbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.He treats his elder sister as though she were a stranger. 2021/3/915即使生了病，他也去辦公室。即使生了病，他也去辦公室。 Even if he were ill, he would go to his office. 她談?wù)撃遣坑捌秃孟袼_實(shí)看過(guò)一她談?wù)撃遣坑捌?，就好像她確實(shí)看過(guò)一樣。樣。She talked about the f

10、ilm as if she had really seen it. 2021/3/916虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型： wish/if only 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：未來(lái)：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（現(xiàn)在）（現(xiàn)在）2) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（過(guò)去）（過(guò)去）3) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （將來(lái)）（將來(lái)）2021/3/917If only I knew his name!If only we had fol

11、lowed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。好了。 要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車(chē)就好了！要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車(chē)就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!2021/3/918 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一樣高。我希望和你一樣高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他沒(méi)講那樣的話。他希望他沒(méi)講那樣的話。 I w

12、ish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do 表達(dá)法。表達(dá)法。wish sb. / sth. to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.2021/3/9192. would rather that現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：未來(lái)：I would rather you

13、 paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done2021/3/9203. Its (about/high) time + that should dodid你該走了。你該走了。我們?cè)撊ノ覀冊(cè)撊ニX(jué)了。睡覺(jué)了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we wen

14、t to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 2021/3/9214. 表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1) 賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞： 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè) 命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。即：命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。即：1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose4. demand, require, request, desire這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用用法。即

15、從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形，或者將原形，或者將should省略。省略。2021/3/922我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌Ｋ麄円笪覀兣伤麄內(nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested

16、 that we (should) send them to work there.2021/3/923I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如果注意：如果suggest, insist不表示不表示建議建議 或或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即它們用于時(shí)，即它們用于其本意其本意暗示、表明暗示、表明、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。2021/3/924 The guard at gate insist

17、ed that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be) seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas2021/3/925 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位句（

18、包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即：語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即： (should) + v-原形。原形。 名詞形式名詞形式: order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, desire request, requirement2021/3/926The suggestion is that the plan be carried out at once.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice tha

19、t the chemical factory should be closed down.2021/3/9275. Its necessary / strange / natural / important + that-Clause 從句中的動(dòng)從句中的動(dòng) 詞要用虛擬，即（詞要用虛擬，即（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should

20、 study hard.2021/3/9286. 某些簡(jiǎn)單句的固定句型：某些簡(jiǎn)單句的固定句型： Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China!2021/3/929虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。Review2021/3/930Individual activity注注: 另附另附 word 文檔。文檔。點(diǎn)擊此處鏈接點(diǎn)擊此處鏈接2021/3/931 _ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced.

21、 A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they2. My suggestion is that she _ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her. A. takes B. must take C. take D. took Quiz I: Multiple choice. 2021/3/9323. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first. A. would g

22、o B. will go C. went D. have gone4. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve2021/3/9335. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C.

23、 would telephone D. had telephoned6. It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent2021/3/9347. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (2009天津天津) A

24、. would B. should C. could D. might2021/3/9358. But for their help, we _ the program in time. (2009安徽安徽) A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished9. But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009福建福建) A.

25、 would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 2021/3/93610. If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. (2010湖南湖南) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow11. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its cul

26、ture. (2010江蘇江蘇) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused2021/3/93712. If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010陜西陜西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken13. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010

27、天津天津) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told2021/3/93814. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _. (2010浙江浙江) A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved15. I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011陜西陜西) A.

28、couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone2021/3/93916. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they _ always late. (2011北京北京) A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been2021/3/94017. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I wou

29、ld be able to give you more help. (2011北京北京) A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying2021/3/94118. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. (2012陜西陜西) A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be19. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012湖南湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. had2021/3/94220. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. (2012山東山東) A. havent made B. wouldnt make C