小學(xué)英語知識點集錦-

1、小升初英語復(fù)習(xí)重點系統(tǒng)語法學(xué)習(xí)。小升初英語考試中單項選擇比例占到15%-30%,同時,在其他各種題型中也都涉及到大量的語法知識。進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的語法的學(xué)習(xí)非常必要。重點詞匯積累。詞匯量:一般重點中學(xué)的小升初英語考試,都要求學(xué)生具有2000到3000的詞匯量,而且要求學(xué)生能讀、能聽懂這些單詞,甚至要求孩子會拼寫。很多孩子認(rèn)為小升初英語考試卷中的英文奧數(shù)題比較難,主要障礙就是很多單詞不會,這樣扣分之后,跟其他孩子就有差距了。實際運用能力:知識學(xué)到手會用才是關(guān)鍵。具體知識點:第一部分;基礎(chǔ)知識1.字母:26個字母的大小寫ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnop

2、qrstuvwxyz 2.語音:元音的發(fā)音五個元音字母:AEIOU12個單元音:長元音:/:/,/:/,/:/,/i:/,/u:/短元音:/æ/ /e/ /i/ / / / /u/ / 3.詞匯:詞匯量,近反義詞4.句子:大小寫,標(biāo)點符號第二部分:語法知識一.名詞:名詞單復(fù)數(shù),名詞的格(一名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為

3、i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以f 或fe結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)就是原型:paper, j

4、uice, water, milk, rice, tea (二名詞的格(1 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:a 單數(shù)后加s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt b 以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加如: his friendsbags c 不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加s childrens shoes并列名詞中,如果把s加在最后一個名詞后,表示共有, 如:Tom and Mikes car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車要表示所有物不是共有的,應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加sToms and Mikes cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車(2表示無生命東西的名詞通常用of +名詞來表示所有關(guān)系:如:a pi

5、cture of the classroom a map of China二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:(1不定冠詞:a / an (2元音讀音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / a

6、n exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / (3定冠詞:the 2. 用法:定冠詞的用法:(1特指某(些人或某(些物:The ruler is on the desk. (2復(fù)述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school. (4在序數(shù)詞前:Johns birthday is February the second.(5用于固定詞組中:in the morning / afternoon / evening

7、不用冠詞的情況:(1專有名詞前:China is a big country.(2名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers. (4在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. (5一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6球類棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He

8、plays chess at home. * 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well. (7學(xué)科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.(8在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li. (9固定詞組中:at noon at night by bus三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱單數(shù)I(我me my(我的復(fù)數(shù)we(我們us our(我們的第二人稱單數(shù)you(你you your(你的復(fù)數(shù)you(你們you your(你們的第三人稱單數(shù)he(他him his(他的she(她her her(她的it(它i

9、t its(它的復(fù)數(shù)they(他們/她們/它們themtheir(他們的/她們的/它們的四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級(一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格。2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:一般在詞尾加er ;以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:good-better, beautiful-more be

10、autiful (二副詞的比較級1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動 在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規(guī)則變化:well-better, far-farther五數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞一、基數(shù)詞(11-20one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen, fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty(

11、221-99 先說幾十,再說幾,中間加連字符。23twenty-three,34thirty-four,45fortyfive,56fifty-six,67sixty-seven,78seventy-eight,89eighty-nine,91ninety-one(3101999先說幾百,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);586five hundred and eighty-six,803eight hundred and three (4l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個,第一個,前為thousand.第二個,前為million,第三個,前為billion 1,001one tho

12、usand and one18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three6,260,309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000, 000,000seven hundred and fifty billion二、序數(shù)詞(1一般在基數(shù)詞后加theg.fourfourth,thirteenthirteenth(2不規(guī)則變化onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,eighteighth,nine

13、ninth,twelvetwelfth(3以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),變y為ie再加thtwentytwentieth,fortyfortieth,ninetyninetieth(4從二十一后的幾十幾直至幾百幾十幾或幾千幾百幾十幾只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth 基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣:基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d. 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來后用序。六、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等1.at表示時間

14、概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等。 at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午2.on 1表示具體日期。 注:(1關(guān)于"在周末"的幾種表示法:at(onthe weekend-特指at(onweekends-泛指over the weekend during the weekend(2在圣誕節(jié),應(yīng)說at Christmas on Christmas 2在(剛的時候。On reaching the city he called up his parents.一到城里他就給父母打了一個電話。3.in1表示"時段"、

15、"時期",在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換,前者強調(diào)對比,后者強調(diào)持續(xù)。in(during1988(December,the 20th century在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀(jì)七、動詞:動詞的四種時態(tài):(1一般現(xiàn)在時:一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它。如:We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes

16、 Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies (2一般過去時:動詞過去式詳解動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:A、規(guī)則動詞一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如lived , danced , use

17、d 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少如study studied carrycarried worry worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少如stopped B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was ,are were

18、, say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt(3一般將來時:基本結(jié)構(gòu):be going to + do;will+ do. be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow. (4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解動詞的i

19、ng形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少有:running , swimming , sitting , getting第三部分:句法1.陳述句(1肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will ea

20、t lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. (2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not(isnt a doctor.He does not (doesnt work in a hospital. There are not (arent four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt watch TV yesterday evening.2. 疑問句一般疑問

21、句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用yes,或no來回答。特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么,不能用yes 、no來回答。3.There be句型There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動詞用is 主語是復(fù)數(shù),be 動詞用are 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not

22、, 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與have(has 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人;have(has 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ are there + 介詞短語?How much + 不可數(shù)名詞+ is there + 介詞短語?8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:What

23、s + 介詞短語?第三部分:情景交際第四部分:閱讀訓(xùn)練第五部分:書面表達(dá)?？碱}型:一、聽力1.聽句子中的單詞,或者直接聽單詞四會單詞、詞組(83個do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinner when eveningget up at usually noon climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking weekend often sometimes spring summer fall

24、winter season which best swimfly kites skate make a snowman plant trees why because sleep Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. birthday uncle her date draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room write a letter write an e-mail mom grand

25、pa study fly jumpwalk run swim kangaroosleep climb fight swing drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leavesdo an experiment catch butterflies honey count insects collect leaves write a reportplay chess have a picnic六年級上冊單詞黑體字(16個plane ship subway science museum north south east west tonigh

26、t tomorrowtake a trip read a magazine go to the cinema magazine dictionary vapor 四會單詞、詞組(71個by foot bike bus train how go to school traffic traffic light traffic rule stop wait get to library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please nest to turn right left straight then next week this morn

27、ing this afternoon this evening comic book post card newspaper buy hobby ride a bike dive play the violin make kites collect stamps live(s teach(es go(es watch(esread(s does doesnt=does not singer writer actor actressartist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman salesperson cleaner where work rai

28、n cloud sun stream seed come from soil sprout plant should then 六年級下冊單詞四會單詞(25個taller shorter stronger older younger bigger heavier longer thinner smaller have a fever hurt have a cold have a toothache have a headache have a sore throat matter sorenose tired excited angry happy bored sad三年級上冊句子1. He

29、llo! Hi!2. Hello! Im Wu Yifan. Im from China.3. Whats your name?4. My names Chen Jie.5. I have a pencil. Me too.6. Good morning. Good afternoon.7. This is Miss White. Nice to meet you. 8. Where are you from? Im from America.9. Lets go to school. OK. 10. . How many cakes? One cake11. How are you? Im

30、fine, thank you. 12. Lets paint. Great 13. I like green. Me too. 14. I have a rabbit.15. Cool! Super! Great! Wow! 16. May I have a look? Sure.17. Here you are. Thank you. Youre welcome18. I like hamburgers. Me too 19. Have some French fries.20. Can I have some chicken? Sure. 21. How old are you? Im

31、nine. 三年級下冊句子1. Where are you from? Im from America.2. Good morning! Good afternoon!3. Class, we have a new friend today.4. Whos that woman? Shes my mother。5. Whos that man? Hes my father.6. Whos this boy? My brother.7. I have a new kite. Oh, its beautiful. 8. How many kites can you see?I can see 12

32、. 9. The black one is a bird. Oh, how nice!10. How many crayons do you have? I have 16 crayons. 11. Open it and see. Thats right.12. Do you like peaches? Yes, I do. /No, I dont. 13. What about pears? Oh, I like them very much. 14. Lets have some peaches and pears.15. Have some fruits. Thank you, Mis

33、s White. 16. Sorry, I dont like bananas. 17. Can I have an apple, please? Certainly. 18. Have some more? No, thank you. 19. Where is my car? Its under the chair.20. Excuse me. Can I use your pencil? No problem. 21. Here you are. Thank you! 22. Come on, children. Look at the elephant. 23. Wow! Its so

34、 big! Its so funny! 24. It has a long nose and a short tail. 25. It has small eyes and big ears.26. Look at the giraffe. Oh, its so tall. 27. The giraffe is tall. The deer is short.28. Youre tall. Im short. Youre right. 29. Lets fly it. OK. 30. What a big fish! 四年級上冊句子1. Whats in the classroom?2. Th

35、is is Zhang Peng, our new classmate.3. We have a new classroom.4. Where is my seat? It is near the door.5. Lets clean the classroom. Good idea!6. Let me clean the board. All right.7. It is nice and clean! Good job!8. What colour is the schoolbag? Its black and white. 9. May I have a look? Sure. Here

36、 you are. 10. My schoolbag is heavy. 11. What is in the schoolbag?12. How many picture-books do you have? 13. My friend is strong. He has short hair.14. I have a new friend. He likes sports. She likes music. 15.Whats his name ? His name is Zhang Peng. 16. Whats her name ? Her name is Amy.17. Is this

37、 your bedroom? Yes, it is./No, it isnt. 18. I have a new eraser.19. Is she in the study? No, she isnt. Shes in the kitchen. 20. Where are the keys? They are in the door. 21 Are they on the table? No, they arent. 22. Whats for dinner? Rice, fish and vegetables.23. What would you like for dinner? Id l

38、ike some rice and soup. 24. Everythings ready. Thanks /Thank you. 25. Dinners ready! Your forks and knives. 26. Help yourself! Thank you. 27. I can use chopsticks. Let me try.28. MmYummy, I like Chinese food. Me too. 29. We had a good time. See you tomorrow.30. How many people are there in your fami

39、ly? Three. 31. Who are they? My parents and me. 32. My family has seven members.33. Whos this man? Hes my uncle. 34. Whos this woman? Shes my aunt.35. Is this your aunt? Yes, she is. /No, shes my sister. 36. Whats your mother? Shes a teacher. 37. Whats your father? Hes a doctor.38. Are they farmers?

40、 Yes, they are. / Yes, youre right. 四年級下冊句子1. Where is the canteen? Its on the first floor.2. This is the teachers office. That is my classroom.3. How many students are there in your class? Forty-five.4. Do you have a library? Yes!5. The canteen is on the first floor.6. This is my computer. That is

41、your computer.7. Is this a teachers desk? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.8. Is that the art room? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.9. What time is it? Its nine oclock.10. Its time for English class. Breakfast is ready! 11. School is over. Let s go to the playground. 12. Lets go home. Im ready. 13. It s 7:05. Its time

42、 to go to school. 14. Its 8:30 .Its time for music class.15. I like the white sweater with the green skirt. 16. I like the blue dress. 17. Where is my skirt?18. What color is it? Blue.19. Is this your skirt? Yes, it is./No. it isnt. My T-shirt is red. 20. Is that your T-shirt? No, its not. 21. Whose

43、 is it? Its my Tshirt.22. Whose is this? Its your baby brothers!23. What are they? These are your baby pants. Theyre so small. 24. Are those my shoes? Yes. But what for? 25. Our neighbor has a new baby!26. This is the weather report. Its cool in Lhasa.27. Can I wear my new shirt today? No, you cant.

44、 /Yes, you can. 28. Its warm today. You can wear your new shirt. 29. Can I wear my T-shirt? Yes, you can. 30. What are you doing? Not much.31. Whats the weather like in Beijing? Its rainy today. 32. How about New York? Its sunny. 33. Whats the matter?34. Its windy now. I have to close the window. 35

45、. Look at that dress. Its colorful. Its very pretty. 36. Can I help you? Yes.37. How much is this dress? Its ninety-nine Yuan. 38. What size?Size five. 39. Are they all right? Yes, they are. 40. How much are they? Theyre thirty-five Yuan. They are goats. 41. What are they? 42. Are they sheep? No, th

46、ey arent. They are goats. 43. Are they horses? No, they arent .They are donkeys. 44. Look at the hens. They are fat. 45. How many cows do you have? One hundred. 46. What do you see in the picture? I see five cats. 47. Are these tomatoes? Yes, they are. /No, they arent. 48. What are these? They are c

47、arrots. 五年級上冊句子 1. Whos your math teacher? Mr. Zhao. 2. Whats he like? Hes thin and short. Hes very kind. 3. Whos that young lady? Shes our principal. 4. Is she strict? Yes, she is. 5. Is she active? No, she isn t. She s quiet. 6. I have a new math teacher. Her class is so much fun. 7. What day is i

48、t today? Its Monday. 8. What do you have on Wednesdays? 9. We have English, science, computer and P.E. 10. What do you do on Saturdays? 11. I often do my homework. 12. What about you? I do my homework too. 13. What would you like for lunch? Id like some tomatoes and mutton. 14. What do you have for

49、lunch today? 15. I have eggplant and tomatoes. 16. Its tasty. Its my favorite. 17. Whats your favorite food? Fish. 18. I dont like grapes. Theyre sour. 19. Are you helpful at home? You re helpful. 20. What can you do? I can sweep the floor. 21. Just do it! 22. Can you set the table? Yes, I can. No,

50、I cant. 23.I have my own room now. 24. Whats it like? 25. There is a big closet, a new air-conditioner and a new mirror. 26. There are blue curtains. 27. Where is the trash bin? Its near the table. 28. There is a forest in the nature park. 29. Is there a river in the park? Yes, there is. No, there i

51、snt. 30. There are many small houses in my village. 31. Are there any bridges in your village? Yes, there are. 32. Are there any tall buildings in your village? No, there arent. 五年級下冊句子 1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. 2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 n

52、oon. 3. What do you do on the weekend? 4. Usually I watch TV and go shopping. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. 5. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking. 6. Whats your favorite season? Winter. 7. Which season do you like best? Fall. 8. Its always sunny and cool. 9. I can play with snow. 10.

53、Why do you like spring? Because I can plant trees. 11. When is your birthday? My birthday is in June. 12. Is your birthday in June, too? No. My birthday is in December. 13. Its October 1st, our National Day. 14. Who has a birthday in October? Me. 15. Whats the date? Its October 1st. 16. What are you

54、 doing? I an doing the dishes. 17.What is your father doing? Hes writing an e-mail. 18. This is Nina. Can I speak to your mom, please? 19. Please hold on. Theres a call for you. 20. I see the mother elephant. 21. What is she doing? She is walking. 22. What about the baby elephant? 23. What is it doing? Its running. 2