初中_被動語態(tài)_剖析

1、Passive Voice被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動主動語態(tài)和語態(tài)和被動被動語態(tài)。語態(tài)。 1.1.當我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者當我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者, 2 2. 或者只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用或者只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：be + 過去分詞過去分詞(PP) + (by )在改寫中應(yīng)注意：在改寫中應(yīng)注意：1.把把來的來的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的2.把把動詞動詞變成變成“”;3.主動語態(tài)中的主動語態(tài)中的變?yōu)榻樵~變?yōu)榻樵~的的表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時

2、一般過去時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時過去進行時一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being done(shall/will/be going to) be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 情態(tài)動詞+ be + done must be done/mustnt be done should be done/ shouldnt be done c

3、an be done/ cant be done may be done/ might be done Some people attacked the towers. S V O The towers were attacked S V by some people.Oral practice-主動句改被動句 Oral practice-1. Change each sentence into passive voice: A car knocked him down yesterday. These two kids plant trees every year3)We should pr

4、otect the earth4)Well put on the play next SundayHe was knocked down by a car yesterdayTrees are planted by these two kids every year.The earth should be protected by us.The play will be put on next Sunday.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play the guitarI was g

5、iven a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play the guitar注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等動詞等動詞/短語后作賓語補語的不短語后作賓語補語的不定式都不帶定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶；但改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶to。Be seen to do, be made to do, be heard to do, be watched to do We should take

6、 care of the old people . The old people should be taken care of.表示主語的屬性特征表示主語的屬性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has

7、 washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedBC主動式表被動義主動式表被動義,且和句子的主且和句子的主語語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto

8、understand,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語又和該句主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞連系動詞+adj./n.,用用主動主動式表被動義式表被動義。4表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞連系動詞+adj./n.,用用主動式表主動式表被動義被動義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove,

9、appear,make,.)The steel feels cold5 表示表示“開始、結(jié)束、運動開始、結(jié)束、運動”的動詞的動詞用主動式表用主動式表被動義。被動義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day表示主語的表示主語的屬性特征的動詞屬性特征的動詞+副詞副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主動式表被動用主動式表被動義義6. 作作“需要需要”講的講的want/need/require后后接接動名詞作賓語時，用動名詞作賓語時，用主動式主動式表

10、被動義；表被動義；當然也可接當然也可接不定式的被動式不定式的被動式作賓語作賓語。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C.

11、 is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedQuiz 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _ (repair)Quiz 4was

12、hingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat) We find English difficult _ (learn)Quiz 5to eatto learnI have much homework _ (do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)Quiz 6to doto readCorrecting mistake2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in

13、London until he was sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalhad been d

14、amagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed / washing 1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B. is to be heldC. are holdingDwill holdMultiple choice B2. Im sorry,sir

15、Your recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factory is being repaired is repaired has been repairedA. hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _, but none _ successfulA. has tried; has provedBtried; provesC. has been tried; provesD. is being tried; is provedC4The question he asked is hard _ A. for answ

16、er B. to answer Cto be answered D. answeringB5In warm weather, fruit and meat _ long cannot be kept dont keep mustnt keepA. is not keptA6He received a telegram _: “Mother ill” Awritten B. reading C. said D. writing B7. -Did you hand him the letter yesterday? -No, I _ to him brought it took it had it sentA. carried it C8Alice had a dress