高考英語(yǔ)易考詞匯變形歸納與總結(jié)

1、 高考易考詞匯變形分析與總結(jié)形容詞加ness變名詞dark-darkness,happy-happiness,sad-sadness,ill-illness,good-goodness,careful-carefulness,careless-carelessness,tired-tiredness,lonely-loneliness, great-greatness,kind-kindness,ease-easinessbusy-business,fit-fitness,friendly-friendliness動(dòng)詞加ment變名詞develop-development, move-move

2、ment, improve-improvement, achieve-achievement, arrange-arrangement,manage-management, assign-assignment, agree-agreement, enjoy-enjoyment, govern-government,judge-judgement/judgment, pay-payment, appoint-appointment, establish-establishment, equip-equipment名詞變成形容詞:1.名詞后加-y, 如:lucklucky;cloudcloudy;

3、 windwindy; rainrainy;sunsunny;snowsnowy;noise-noisy;healthhealthy2.在名詞后加-ly, 如:friendfriendly;lovelovely;daydaily; brotherbrotherly; mothermotherly3.方位名詞加-ern，如:easteastern; westwestern; southsouthern; northnorthern形容詞后綴(1)帶有“屬性，傾向，相關(guān)”的含義1)-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, re

4、sponsible2)-al: natural, additional, educational3)-an: urban, suburban, republican4)-ant, -ent: distant, important, excellent5)-ar: similar, popular, regular6)-ary: military, voluntary7)-ic, ical: politic, systematic, historic, physical,8)-ing: moving, touching, daring9)-ish: foolish, bookish, selfi

5、sh10)-ive: active, impressive, decisive11)-ory: satisfactory, compulsory(2) 表示“相象，類(lèi)似”的含義1)-ish: boyish, childish2)-like: manlike, childlike3)-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly4)-some: troublesome, handsome5)-y: milky, pasty(3) 表示“充分的”含義1)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful2)-ous: da

6、ngerous, generous, courageous, various3)-ent: violent,(4) 表示由某種物質(zhì)形成，制成或生產(chǎn)的含義1)-en: wooden, golden, woolen2)-fic: scientific(5) 表示方向的含義1)-ern: eastern, western2)-ward: downward, forward(6) 表示“數(shù)量關(guān)系”的含義1)-teen: thirteen, fourteen2)-ty: fifty, forty3)-th: fourth, fifth, ninth, fiftieth(7) 表示國(guó)籍，語(yǔ)種，的含義1)-

7、an: Roman, European2)-ese: Chinese,3)-ish: English, Spanish(8) 表示“比較程度”的含義1)-er: greater2)-ish: reddish, yellowish3)-est: highest4)-most: foremost, topmost(9)其他的含義-less表示否定: careless, countless, stainless, wireless形容詞變副詞的一般規(guī)則形容詞變副詞通常是加ly,其變化有規(guī)律可循,請(qǐng)記住以下口訣：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“輔y”改i加，“l(fā)e”結(jié)尾e改y。分別舉例如下：quick-

8、quickly; true-truly; happy-happily; possible-possibly具體規(guī)則如下：1. 一般情況下直接加“l(fā)y”如：quickquickly; politepolitely; sadsadly; immediateimmediately; recent-recently; nicenicely; completecompletely; polite politely; wide widely; active actively; rude rudely2. 輔音字母加e結(jié)尾的形容詞一般直接加-ly。如：politepolitely; widewidely;

9、wisewisely; nicenicely以元音字母加e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加-ly。如：truetruly; dueduly3. 以“y”結(jié)尾的，且讀音為 / i /， 先將“y”改成“i”，再加“l(fā)y”，如：happyhappily; heavyheavily; angryangrily; busybusily但是如果讀音為 / ai /，直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; sly-slyly(會(huì)意地;會(huì)心地); shy-shyly4. 以ic 結(jié)尾的詞，加ally，如: economiceconomically; basicbasically;scientificscientif

10、ically; automaticautomatically; energeticenergetically; 但是public-publicly 例外。5. 以輔音字母加le結(jié)尾時(shí),去e加y，如：simplesimply;considerableconsiderably;terribleterribly; gentlegently;possiblepossibly; probableprobably;incredibleincredibly;gentlegently;comfortablecomfortably; sensiblesensibly (明智地; 理智地)元音字母加le時(shí)加 ly

11、，如：solesolely(僅僅)。但是wholewholly例外。6. 以-ll結(jié)尾時(shí)，只須加 y，如：dulldully; shrillshrilly(尖銳地)需注意: 有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞。如：friendly people; motherly care; a lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace; a manly sport; a lively class語(yǔ)法填空11. All the students arrived _(due) except Tom.2. The government is not _(whole) to

12、blame for the current crisis.(當(dāng)前的危機(jī)不能完全歸罪于政府.)3. It is _(incredible) difficult to fit everyone in.(為每一個(gè)人都找到合適的位置是極其困難的.)4. Jim and Mary smiled _(shy) at each other.5. “I suppose so,” he said _(dull). “我想是吧,”他木然地說(shuō)道.6. The book is _(basic) a love story.7. I hate it when he talks like that _(public).(我

13、討厭他在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合那樣說(shuō)話(huà).)8. He looks so _(man) in his uniform.(他穿著制服真顯得英姿煥發(fā).)答案: 1.duly 2.wholly 3.incredibly 4.shyly 5.dully 6.basically 7.publicly 8.manly語(yǔ)法填空2: Li Ming had dipped into many jobs. At first, he was hired as a _(decorate). But soon he disliked the job because it was tiring. He resigned and went

14、 to a telephone office to be an _(operate). However, he quit after only six months in the job, for it was too boring. For one reason or another, he got crazy about the oceangoing voyage, so he become a _(sail). But soon he felt too lonely on the sea and gave it up. He worked respectively as _(conduc

15、t) in a bus, _(edit) in a newspaper and _(translate) in a magazine, but he did not stay there more than one year. Later he went to a _(council) of life, who had received thousands of _(visit). She told him that he first should do what he really liked and that he must have great patience and perseverance. Soon after, seeing a film directed by Zhang Yimou, he set his goal to b